history of cinema
The idea of capturing, creating, and reproducing movement by mechanical means is old,
there were antecedents such as the camera obscura, or the thaumatrope, the magic
lantern, the photographic rifle. The technique to capture reality by luminous means had
already been developed by the inventors of the daguerreotype and photography, in the
mid-nineteenth century.
Main article: Precinematography
The cinema was the product of a slow experimental evolution over the centuries. The goal
of thousands of people, inventors, toy manufacturers or merchants was to entertain the
world through images, and it was also an impulse a need for the human species to express
itself through images using the techniques and possibilities of each moment. The basis of
cinema is in the development of science and technology, this incessant interest in finding
new outlets required the constant application of technique and research on new
discoveries.
One of the first scientific advances that led directly to the development of cinema were
the observations of Peter Mark Roget, who in 1824 published an important scientific work
under the title Persistence of vision. Regarding moving objects, it was established that the
human eye retains images for a fraction of a second after the subject stops having them in
front of them. This discovery spurred several scientists to investigate to demonstrate the
principle of image persistence on the retina. Specifically, it was discovered that if 16
images of a movement that takes place in one second are passed in succession also in one
second, the persistence of vision unites them and makes them look like a single moving
image. This theory was later replaced by the phi phenomenon and both will form part of
the basis of filme theory.
The horse in motion can be considered as the ancestor of all films, but the goal of its
author was to suspend or stop the movement and not reproduce it, a scientific
conception and not entertainment.
Meanwhile photography was born and in 1852, photographs began to replace drawings
on devices to view animated images. In 1877 the photographer Eadweard Muybridge used
a battery of 24 cameras to record the cycle of movements of a horse's gallop. Later, the
portable photographer chrono, a kind of photographic rifle, moved a single band that
