Docsity
Docsity

Prepara tus exámenes
Prepara tus exámenes

Prepara tus exámenes y mejora tus resultados gracias a la gran cantidad de recursos disponibles en Docsity


Consigue puntos base para descargar
Consigue puntos base para descargar

Gana puntos ayudando a otros estudiantes o consíguelos activando un Plan Premium


Orientación Universidad
Orientación Universidad

estructuras de mampostería, Monografías, Ensayos de Estática

Estructuras de mampostería proyecto

Tipo: Monografías, Ensayos

2023/2024

Subido el 17/12/2024

pina-ramirez-alan-fernando
pina-ramirez-alan-fernando 🇲🇽

1 documento

1 / 127

Toggle sidebar

Esta página no es visible en la vista previa

¡No te pierdas las partes importantes!

bg1
HISTORIA 1 Introduction to Narnia
Step 1: Listen to the main explanation
What’s up! Welcome to Narnia, my friend! You know, this is the best place in the world to
learn English.
You are going to learn a lot of things here. It will possibly be hard, so get ready!
Every part of this exercise comes with a small, fun story which we will call a mini-story.
Before each mini-story, I am going to explain each idea to you, just like this. This part is
called the main explanation. We will talk about how you can be the best, or how you can
have success. Success is when you reach your goal and finally do something you want to
do. These explanations will mainly talk about the psychology of success, how the brain
understands success, and how you can train yourself to become more successful.
Many things here are not new. You will have heard some of these things before. I am
combining all of these ideas together in a simple and new way so you can learn English
better and faster. We are talking about psychology, how the mind works -- because
psychology is very important for learning. The material you use to learn -- the videos,
exercises -- those are not as important. So, what can be more important than that, you might
ask? Well, that’s psychology. The way you train your mind to learn is far more important
than the things that you use to learn.
Many people don’t become really fluent in a language because they always translate
everything before speaking. That works, but it’s not so good. It makes you very slow.
Remember, I want to teach you how to answer things automatically. Fast. If you translate
everything in your head, you will talk slowly. The questions teach you to answer things
quickly. Fast. I’m going to ask you question after question after question. The answers are
going to be really short -- sometimes, only one or two words. Don’t worry about thinking
too hard. You just need to give a short answer. It’s the same as in real life. We usually give
short answers. Nobody asks us to speak in long essays in real life, so why should we
practice English that way?
For each section, we’re going to follow this pattern. First comes the main explanation. This
will help you understand the idea of the story. What we’re trying to learn. It will also give
you more info about the psychology of English learning. Don’t forget about the word
psychology! It’s very important and we will use it a lot in these sections. After that, we will
do the mini story. You can always read the transcript if you don’t understand something.
It’s okay to do that the first few times. Listen to the mini story a few times. Then listen to
the mini story again, but this time, with questions included. I will ask you very simple
questions. These will help you practice your automatic English replies. This is good
training to speak English very quickly, very fast, without even thinking about it.
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff
pf12
pf13
pf14
pf15
pf16
pf17
pf18
pf19
pf1a
pf1b
pf1c
pf1d
pf1e
pf1f
pf20
pf21
pf22
pf23
pf24
pf25
pf26
pf27
pf28
pf29
pf2a
pf2b
pf2c
pf2d
pf2e
pf2f
pf30
pf31
pf32
pf33
pf34
pf35
pf36
pf37
pf38
pf39
pf3a
pf3b
pf3c
pf3d
pf3e
pf3f
pf40
pf41
pf42
pf43
pf44
pf45
pf46
pf47
pf48
pf49
pf4a
pf4b
pf4c
pf4d
pf4e
pf4f
pf50
pf51
pf52
pf53
pf54
pf55
pf56
pf57
pf58
pf59
pf5a
pf5b
pf5c
pf5d
pf5e
pf5f
pf60
pf61
pf62
pf63
pf64

Vista previa parcial del texto

¡Descarga estructuras de mampostería y más Monografías, Ensayos en PDF de Estática solo en Docsity!

HISTORIA 1 Introduction to Narnia

Step 1: Listen to the main explanation

What’s up! Welcome to Narnia, my friend! You know, this is the best place in the world to learn English. You are going to learn a lot of things here. It will possibly be hard, so get ready! Every part of this exercise comes with a small, fun story which we will call a mini-story. Before each mini-story, I am going to explain each idea to you, just like this. This part is called the main explanation. We will talk about how you can be the best, or how you can have success. Success is when you reach your goal and finally do something you want to do. These explanations will mainly talk about the psychology of success, how the brain understands success, and how you can train yourself to become more successful. Many things here are not new. You will have heard some of these things before. I am combining all of these ideas together in a simple and new way so you can learn English better and faster. We are talking about psychology, how the mind works -- because psychology is very important for learning. The material you use to learn -- the videos, exercises -- those are not as important. So, what can be more important than that, you might ask? Well, that’s psychology. The way you train your mind to learn is far more important than the things that you use to learn. Many people don’t become really fluent in a language because they always translate everything before speaking. That works, but it’s not so good. It makes you very slow. Remember, I want to teach you how to answer things automatically. Fast. If you translate everything in your head, you will talk slowly. The questions teach you to answer things quickly. Fast. I’m going to ask you question after question after question. The answers are going to be really short -- sometimes, only one or two words. Don’t worry about thinking too hard. You just need to give a short answer. It’s the same as in real life. We usually give short answers. Nobody asks us to speak in long essays in real life, so why should we practice English that way? For each section, we’re going to follow this pattern. First comes the main explanation. This will help you understand the idea of the story. What we’re trying to learn. It will also give you more info about the psychology of English learning. Don’t forget about the word psychology! It’s very important and we will use it a lot in these sections. After that, we will do the mini story. You can always read the transcript if you don’t understand something. It’s okay to do that the first few times. Listen to the mini story a few times. Then listen to the mini story again, but this time, with questions included. I will ask you very simple questions. These will help you practice your automatic English replies. This is good training to speak English very quickly, very fast, without even thinking about it.

Here is another really important thing to remember. Never think of this as studying! Don’t try to study or memorize any of the texts or stories. Don’t think too deeply about them. Don’t try to remember them. You just have to sit back, relax, and enjoy. Let my words flow into your ears like music. Let the English language wash into you. Seriously, don’t think about it at all. Just listen. Let it all sink in automatically. The goal of this exercise is to get you to speak English like a native speaker. Do you think those people sit down and try to remember English rules? In the US and the UK, even 5 year olds know English very well. But do you think they study grammar, spelling, syntax, and other complex English rules? No, they don’t. They learn by listening. Their parents, their brothers and sisters, speak English all the time, so they automatically start to understand English rules. This is what the mini stories will do for you. Don’t try translating anything or thinking about the rules -- just sit back and smile while you listen. Your brain will slowly start to understand English rules automatically. Here’s another thing. You need to be active when you’re listening to these sections. This is the best way to learn English. You are already getting excited before each section, but you must also move your body during the section. Walk around the house. Go for a walk outside. Listen to the story while you go for a run. You can even do it while you are cooking! You get to learn English, help your body, and train your mind all at the same time. You will feel so good and it will really help you learn a lot more, and a lot faster. And now… Let’s come to one of the most important points. This exercise will only work for you if you repeat the stories. You need to repeat the stories. Repeat the stories. Repeat the stories. Listen to the stories again and again and again. You need to listen to each set for at least a week. Listen to the stories 7 times. 10 times. Listen a lot. If it takes longer, that’s fine too. Keep listening to the sections, keep repeating them, so that they go deep inside your mind. It should become so easy for you that you can almost say it from memory. Everything I talk about in these sections should feel easy. From your memory, and without any effort. This can only be done if you repeat these sections many, many times. For every section in Narnia, use this plan. Let’s go over the steps again. First -- Do something that makes you feel good, something that you like. Smile, be happy, and move around. Then, listen to the main explanation one or two times. If there’s something you don’t know or don’t understand, write it down, search for the meaning in a dictionary or translator, and then listen to it again. And then finish with the mini story -- listen to the mini story as well as the questions. Listen to both of them a few times a day! The whole time, don’t forget to smile. Remember to relax, feel good, and just have fun.

Step 2: Listen to the mini-story

Okay. Are you ready? Are you feeling amazing? Then let’s go! This is the first mini story. Here, I will tell a short, fun story. Remember. You just need to smile, relax, and listen to the story. Don’t worry too much about the grammar. The idea is to listen to the story lots of times. The more you listen, the more grammar you are going to understand. It will start to feel natural, very normal. Sometimes, you might want to stop and quickly look up a

of your body, you will be a very good swimmer. In fact, you will be an amazing swimmer.” Cameron did this. He felt amazing, wonderful, incredible. Then Michael said “Now, go and swim.” He improved very quickly. Finally, the day of the Ironman race had arrived. Cameron felt very good. He felt amazing. He was ready for the race. Cameron finished the swimming. He finished the cycling. He finished the running. Cameron finished the Ironman race. Cameron was so happy. Cameron was an Ironman!

Step 3: Listen to the mini-story again and answer

questions

Okay, now, it’s time for the interactive mini-story. The same story, with questions. This is so that you get a lot of practice and repetition. Don’t stress, though. Remember. Smile! Be happy! I just want you to answer the questions quickly. Without thinking too much about it. If you can’t answer the questions yet, don’t worry. You can just listen for now. Okay, ready? Let’s go!


There was a strong man named Cameron. Cameron had to get ready for an Ironman in just six months! An Ironman is a race. It’s not a normal race. It’s a special type of race. It is called a triathlon. You have to swim, cycle and run in an Ironman. It is a very difficult race. Who had to finish an Ironman in just six months? Cameron. Cameron had to finish an Ironman in just six months. When did Cameron have to finish an Ironman? In six years, right? No, no, no, he had to finish an Ironman in six months. An ironman is very easy, right? No, it’s very difficult. An Ironman is a very difficult race.

Cameron was not a good swimmer. He didn’t know how to swim. He was very nervous. Was Cameron nervous? Yes, Cameron was nervous. Why was he nervous? Because the Ironman is a difficult race, and Cameron couldn’t swim. Could Cameron swim? No, no, no. Cameron could not swim. Cameron was not a good swimmer. So Cameron went to the swimming pool to find a swimming coach. Where did he go? To the swimming pool. Cameron went to the swimming pool. Who went to the swimming pool? Cameron did. Cameron went to the swimming pool. Why did he go to the swimming pool? To find a swimming coach. He went to the swimming pool to find a swimming coach. Where did he go to find a swimming coach? To the swimming pool. He went to the swimming pool to find a swimming coach. To find what? A swimming coach, he went to the swimming pool to find a swimming coach. He found a coach called Mr Fix-It. What was the coach’s name? Mr Fix-It. The coach’s name was Mr Fix-It. Was the coach’s name Mr Break-It?

Now, he was very worried. There was only one month before the Ironman race. He went to the United States to find another coach. Why did he go to the United States? To find another coach. He went to the United States to find another coach. And Cameron was feeling relaxed, right? No. Cameron was not relaxed. He was very worried. Why was he worried? Because there was only one month before the Ironman race and he still couldn’t swim. He went to Michael Phelps. Michael Phelps was a very good swimmer. In fact, Michael Phelps was the best swimmer in the entire world. Was Cameron the best swimmer in the entire world? No, he wasn’t. Cameron wasn’t a good swimmer. Cameron couldn’t swim. Michael Phelps was the best swimmer in the entire world. Cameron asked Michael Phelps to help him. Michael Phelps said “Cameron, I can teach you how to swim”. He said “If you focus on your breathing, focus on using all of your body, you will be a very good swimmer. In fact, you will be an amazing swimmer.” Did Michael Phelps want Cameron to use special goggles? No. He wanted Cameron to focus on his breathing and using all of his body. Did he want Cameron to just use his arms and his legs? No, he wanted Cameron to use all of his body. Cameron did this. He felt amazing, wonderful, incredible. Did Cameron feel good or bad? Cameron felt amazing, wonderful, incredible. Good. Then Michael said “Now, go and swim.”

He improved very quickly. Finally, the day of the Ironman race arrived. Cameron felt very good. He felt amazing. He was ready for the race. Cameron finished swimming. He finished cycling. He finished running. Cameron finished the Ironman race. Cameron was so happy. Cameron was an Ironman! Did Cameron finish the Ironman race? Yes, he did. He finished the race. And did Cameron feel good or bad on the day of the race? Cameron felt very good. He felt amazing. He was ready for the race. So was Cameron successful? Yes, he was successful. He was an Ironman!


Congratulations! You have finished listening to the first mini story in Narnia! That’s fantastic. Now remember, I want you to listen to this mini story a lot! As many times as you can. At least once or twice a day, for a week or more. Repeat, repeat, repeat. Listen, listen and listen. This is going to help you learn all of the grammar from the stories. Keep up the great work. Don’t stress. Just enjoy! And don’t think too much about the grammar. Just listen, and try to answer the questions. See you in the next one!

Historia 2 Control Your Body, Control Your Mind

Step 1: Listen to the main explanation

What’s up! Welcome to the main explanation for “Control Your Body, Control Your Mind.” We are going to learn how to feel better when we are learning English. Sadly, a lot of people feel bad when they are learning English. Some are tired. Or they get bored. Do you think you learn English quickly this way? No. Absolutely not. Many coaches say that 80% of success comes from psychology and emotions. Now what is psychology? It’s the way the mind works. And emotions are, well, feelings. Never forget these words. They are probably the most important words for your English learning journey. If we want to learn as much as we can in the shortest amount of time, we need to be as happy as possible. This can be done by managing our emotions. Another of my big inspirations is Tony Robbins. Let me use one of his examples...

Alex wanted to fall in love. Alex was a tall, healthy man. Alex was tall. Alex was healthy. But, unfortunately, he was all alone. He had never had a girlfriend. So Alex went to New York. He went to New York to fall in love. He walked into Chelsea Market. Chelsea Market is a food market. He walked into Chelsea Market with a big smile on his face. He was smiling because he thought he was going to fall in love with someone at Chelsea Market. In fact, he knew he was going to meet the woman of his dreams. He went to the Israeli Restaurant on the basement floor. He took out money from his pocket. He took out $10 from his pocket. He gave the money to the waitress. He spent $10 on a chicken shawarma. Alex asked the waitress out on a date. The waitress said she had a boyfriend. Alex cried, “Oh no, I will never find my one true love.” Later, Alex went to Los Angeles to drive with Uber. So, he bought a car and he started to drive. Every day and night he drove passengers. 10 passengers, 20 passengers, 100 passengers. After sixty days, his back hurt because he was sitting so much. After ninety days, Alex’s back hurt but he had a lot of money. He started to cry, “Oh, I have all the money I need but no one to take on a date!” But then Alex changed. He changed his posture again. He smiled. He pulled his shoulders back. He breathed deeply and smiled big. He said, “I will fall in love.” So he kept driving with Uber. One day, Alex talked to a new passenger in his car called Anna. They went on a date and Alex fell in love with Anna. Alex met the love of his life. He became the happiest man in the world.


Great, good job again! Now, repeat. Repeat this short story over and over again. Make sure it feels natural, you understand everything! Then, you can start with the interactive version of the story, the next part. Let’s go!

Step 3: Listen to the mini-story again and answer

questions

Okay, welcome to the interactive mini‐story for “Control your body, control your mind.” As usual, this one will have questions that you should try to answer. If you don’t know the answer, no worries. Just guess. Okay? Let’s get started.


Alex wanted to fall in love. Who wanted to fall in love? Alex. Alex wanted to fall in love. Alex was a tall, healthy man. What did he want? Fall in love. He wanted to fall in love. Alex was tall. Alex was healthy. But unfortunately, Alex was all alone. So Alex went to New York. He went to New York to fall in love. Where did he go? New York. He went to New York. He walked into Chelsea Market. Did Alex go to a food market in Japan? No, no, no, no, no. He didn’t go to a food market in Japan. He went to the food market in New York. What was the food market’s name? Chelsea Market. The food market’s name was Chelsea Market. He walked into Chelsea Market with a big smile on his face.

Alex asked the waitress on a date. The waitress said no because she had a boyfriend. Alex cried, “Oh no, I will never find my one true love.” Did Alex meet the love of his life or not? Well, no he didn’t. Did Alex smile? Well, no. First, he cried. But then he pulled back his shoulders. He lifted his chin. And he smiled. He said, “I will fall in love with the woman of my dreams.” Later, Alex went to Los Angeles to drive with Uber. Why did he go to Los Angeles? He went to Los Angeles to drive with Uber. What did he want to do? He wanted to drive with Uber. Who wanted to drive with Uber? Alex, Alex wanted to drive with Uber. So, he bought a car and he started to drive. Every day and night he drove passengers. 10 passengers, 20 passengers, 100 passengers. After sixty days, his back hurt because he was sitting so much. Why did Alex’s back hurt? Because he was sitting for so long, of course. Alex had bad posture while he was driving. What kind of posture did Alex have? Bad, he had bad posture. After ninety days, Alex’s back hurt but he had a lot of money. He started to cry, “Oh, I have all the money I need but no one to take on a date!” Did he cry, did he feel bad, was he depressed?

Yes, Alex was depressed. How did he feel? Bad. Depressed. Was he super sad? Yes, he was depressed. Why was Alex depressed? Because his back hurt and he was still single. But then Alex changed. He changed his posture again. He smiled. He pulled his shoulders back. He breathed deeply and smiled big. He said, “I will fall in love.” So he kept driving with Uber. One day, Alex talked to a new passenger in his car called Anna. They went on a date and Alex fell in love with Anna. Alex met the love of his life. He became the happiest man in the world. Did Alex meet the love of his life? Oh yes, he did. Did he fall in love with Lisa? Oh no. With Sandra? No, no, no. With Anna. He fell in love with Anna. Alex was in love.


Okay, that is the end of the mini‐story for “Control Your Body, Control Your Mind.” How are you feeling? Were you deep breathing and smiling while you listened to the story? Did you get up and move your body? I hope so. If not, it’s okay, but try it out next time. Strong posture, deep breathing, smiling big and moving your body as you listen to the story. And one more thing you can do. If you’re at home, if you can be loud, you can listen to the story and screams your answers.

you are learning. These are the things you need to celebrate. Don’t think too much about every single thing you need to do to become fluent in English. Another big mistake that students make is to focus on their weaknesses. A weakness is something that you are bad at - it's a problem that you have in your learning. Everyone has a weakness - after all, we are all humans. Nobody is perfect, even me! I'm a fluent speaker and I'm an English coach, but even I make mistakes from time to time. It's completely normal. But if you focus on those mistakes - if you let those mistakes control you - then you will not move forward with your English. There will be certain things that you are not good at - maybe it's your grammar, or your listening. Don't think to yourself - “oh no, I don't know grammar, I'm no good at English!” It's totally fine to have weaknesses. It’s normal. Just don't make the mistake of focusing on them - believe in yourself, and believe in the learning process. The last negative thing that many students focus on is the past. Some students, maybe even you, have had bad experiences during learning. You may even say that some people have a really negative feeling about learning English before they even start listening to these recordings. The reason for this is very clear - most of you have learned English using the old methods. Classrooms, bad or unkind teachers, focusing on grades and tests, and of course, being bored in class all of the time. The learning methods we are using now are high-energy and new. Forget about the past. Think about the future. Okay - Now, let's now talk about positive focus - the things that you should be thinking about while learning. I want you to focus on your end goal. This is the best thing you can think about, it’s going to help you to learn better and faster. Don't worry about the small problems. Think about what you want to do after all of these sections are complete. Think about how you will feel. Picture yourself at a restaurant in the United States, ordering food. Picture yourself walking around, speaking English fluently, feeling good talking in English. Picture yourself talking to all of your friends in English, telling jokes in English. Picture yourself speaking English like you speak your own language. Smiling while speaking English. That’s the goal that you want to reach. That’s the image that I want you to think about, every day while you're learning. This is the positive focus. Another positive focus? Your purpose. Your meaning. Think of why you are learning English. Think of what drives you, what motivates you to learn every day. Think about something that makes you happy and excited to learn English. Do you want to learn English so that you can live in an English speaking country? Do you want to get into a university in a foreign country? Maybe you want to learn English to get a better job, to make more money? Do you want to make friends with native English speakers? Travel and have exciting adventures around the world? Or teach English to your kids? Find the love of your life? Think about why you want to learn English. It will make you feel a lot more energized.

I want you to imagine it. I want you to imagine yourself studying in a beautiful university in London, or in New York. Imagine yourself meeting native English speakers, making friends and talking to them fluently. Imagine travelling around the world. Or instead, imagine getting a great job with your new English skills. Imagine making lots and lots of money. Now, these are some really amazing things to focus on. These are positive reasons that will really motivate you a lot. Now - let's move on to the mini story.

Step 2: Listen to the mini-story

Hello there! This is the mini‐story for “I believe I can fly!” Are you feeling good? Deep breathing? Smiling big? Moving your body? I sure hope so. I’m ready when you’re ready!


Dave the dinosaur can’t fly. But he wants to. Big Dave can’t fly. He wants to fly. In fact, he wants to fly a very long way. He wants to fly to his girlfriend’s house. Dave lives in Sweden. He’s a Swedish dinosaur. He decides “I’m going to practice.” Dave decides to practice in a cave. He tries to fly but he has another problem. It’s very dark in the cave. Dave can’t see. He falls. And he almost breaks his leg. So next he decides “I know. I will go to the flying stadium. I will go to the flying stadium and practice there.” So every day he goes to the flying stadium. And every day he imagines arriving at his girlfriend’s place. He imagines clearly. He has a strong, clear, image in his head. Finally, the day arrives. Dave the dinosaur takes off into the sky and he starts flying. Flying toward his girlfriend’s house. After 1 month, he’s still flying. Birds and other dinosaurs try to attack him. He hits them with his wings and he does not stop. Storms come, lightning and thunder, wind and rain, but he keeps going. Finally, he

Dave the dinosaur. From where? From Sweden, he wants to fly to his girlfriend’s house from his house in Sweden. Can he fly now? No, no, no. Dave can’t fly now. He can’t fly now but he wants to fly from Sweden to his girlfriend’s house. He decides “I’m going to practice.” What does he decide to do? To practice. He decides to practice in a cave. Where does he practice? In a cave. He practices in a cave. What does he practice in the cave? Flying, he practices flying in the cave. He tries to fly but he has another problem. It’s very dark in the cave. Is the cave dark or light? It’s dark, it’s very dark in the cave. Dave can’t see. He falls. Can Dave see? No, he cannot see. Does he fall? Yes, he falls. And he almost breaks his leg. Does Dave almost break his leg?

Yes, that’s right, he almost breaks his leg. Why does he almost break his leg? Because it’s dark, it’s so dark he can’t see. Does Dave fly successfully or not? No, he does not fly successfully. He falls. He almost breaks his leg. So next he decides “I know. I will go to the flying stadium. I will go to the flying stadium and practice there.” Why does he go to the flying stadium? Why? What’s his purpose? Well, his purpose is to practice flying from his house in Sweden to his girlfriend’s house. So what is his ultimate motivation? What is his final goal? His ultimate goal is to fly to his girlfriend’s house. Is his ultimate goal to fly to school? No, that’s not his ultimate goal. His ultimate goal is to fly to his girlfriend’s house. Whose ultimate goal is it to fly to his girlfriend’s house? Dave the dinosaur, it’s Dave’s ultimate goal. So every day he goes to the flying stadium. And every day he imagines arriving at his girlfriend’s place. How often does he imagine this? Every day. He imagines it every day. Finally, the day arrives. Dave the dinosaur takes off into the sky and he starts flying. Flying toward his girlfriend’s house. After 1 month, he’s still flying. Birds and other dinosaurs try to attack him. He hits them with his wings and he does not stop. Storms come, lightning and thunder, wind and rain, but he keeps going. Finally, he arrives at his girlfriend’s place. He is successful. His girlfriend gives him a big kiss and invites him inside. What does Dave finally do? He finally arrives at his girlfriend’s house. He is successful. Who kisses Dave?