Cadera en Traumatología y Ortopedia, mediciones, ángulos, clasificaciones, Apuntes de Ortopedía

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Cadera

Fractura diafisiaria vs subtrocantérica , ésta es cuando está 5 cm por debajo del trocánter menor / arriba del trocánter menor son transtrocantericas.

INTRACAPSULARES VS EXTRACAPSULARES

Garden for intracapsular hip fracture

The Garden classification of femoral neck fractures is a long-standing fracture classification system that describes the displacement and angulation of the femoral head on AP and lateral radiographs of the hip

Garden types 1 and 2 fractures are considered to be stable injuries and are frequently treated with percutaneous internal fixation. Garden types 3 and 4 fractures have been grouped as unstable fracture patterns and, while closed reduction and internal fixation are used in some circumstances, most Garden types 3 and 4 fractures in elderly patients are treated with arthroplasty.

The joint congruence can be influenced by bony overgrowth on the femoral side (Cam morphology) or by an extension of the acetabulum over the femoral head, resulting in excessive coverage (Pincer morphology).

Dunn view

The Dunn view is an oblique view that helps to visualize the head-neck junction in a manner that is not typically seen in standard views like the anteroposterior (AP) or lateral views.It is performed by having the patient lie on their back with their affected hip flexed at about 45° and abducted at 20° to 30° with neutral rotation. This positioning allows for a clearer view of the anterosuperior aspect of the head-neck junction , which is often difficult to assess on standard views and is the most common location of the cam morphology.

MEDICIONES

W-CEA

The Wiberg-CEA is the angle between a vertical line through the femoral head center and a line to the lateral margin of the acetabular sourcil, which is the weight bearing and dense area of the superior acetabulum. It represents the for FAI more relevant anterosuperior coverage.

L-CEA The lateral CEA is measured to the far lateral acetabular margin and represents the superolateral coverage. Sometimes these measurements coincide.

TRONZO FRACTURAS TROCANTÉRICAS O

INTERTROCANTÉRICAS

SEINSHEIMER

FIELDING

ARTROPLASTIA TOTAL DE CADERA MEDICIONES

OFFSET FEMORAL

EFECTO VOSS

key words: inclinación acetabular

CCF: centro de la cabeza femoral; CUPi: punto inferior-interno del plano de la cúpula; CUPs: punto superior-externo del plano de la cúpula; GL: gota de lágrima del lado afecto; GLc: gota de lágrima de la articulación contralateral; PV: punta del vástago; TM: trocánter mayor; Tm: trocánter menor.

DISTANCIA DEL CENTRO DE ROTACIÓN / VASTAGO

LÁGRIMA DE KOHLER

La lágrima de Köhler, o lágrima pélvica, es una característica radiográfica que se observa en radiografías de pelvis y se refiere a la proyección de una cresta ósea que corre a lo largo del piso de la fosa acetabular (fosa cotiloidea). También se conoce como lágrima en U. Explicación: En una radiografía de pelvis, la lágrima de Köhler se ve como una proyección en forma de lágrima o gota, que corresponde a la parte inferior del acetábulo (la articulación de la cadera). La imagen en gota de lágrima de Kohler representa la profundidad o el trasfondo del acetábulo y es otro criterio según la forma ya sea cruzada o reversa, para el diagnóstico de protrusio acetabular, varía según la rotación pélvica.