To talk about situations that will
possibly or probably happen in the
future.
Example
If I study harder, I will pass my
exams easily. (It’s very likely that this
may happen)
IF–CLAUSE + SIMPLE PRESENT
go /goes / don’t go / doesn’t
go
MAIN CLAUSE + FUTURE SIMPLE
will + infinitive
Complete the blanks with the verbs in brackets:
1. Many wildlife habitats will be destroyed if man keeps
(keep) polluting the environment.
2. If we dump all sorts of chemicals into rivers, we _won’t
be able to (not be able to) swim in them in the future.
3. If we don’t stop (not stop) cutting down so many trees,
we will endanger (endanger) our oxygen supply.
4. Soon the Earth’s resources will be exhausted if the
human population continues (continue) to grow.
5. If everybody continues to use aerosols and CFCs, the
hole in the ozone layer will get (get) bigger.
6. If the sun radiation can’t escape into space, Earth’s
temperature will increase (increase) steadily.
7. If the global temperature rises (rise), sea levels
will rise (rise) too.
8. We’ll threaten our own existence if we don’t cut down
(not cut down) on waste rapidly.
9. People will run out of (run out of) drinking water one
day if they don’t use (not use) it more rationally.
10. If he want (want) to help the planet, then he have
(have to) change his habits.
To talk about hypothetical, unreal or
impossible situations in the present.
Example
If I studied harder, I would pass my
exams.
(But I don’t do it - I’m just imagining
this)
If I were you, I would study more.
(Here we are giving some advice)
IF–CLAUSE + SIMPLE PAST
went / didn’t go
MAIN CLAUSE + CONDITIONAL
would + infinitive
Complete the blanks with the verbs in brackets:
1. If people weren’t (not be) so careless, Earth wouldn’t
be in danger.
2. The amount of waste would decrease (decrease) if
people started to buy reusable packages.
3. Many fish wouldn’t die if factories didn’t dump
(not dump) so many chemicals into rivers and oceans.
4. If people bought (buy) more recycled paper, there
wouldn’t be so much waste.
5. Would you take (you take) these bottles to the bottle
bank if I asked you to?
6. If people really didn’t care (not care) about the
environment, they wouldn’t try (not try) to save it.
7. If Paul thought (think) more about the planet, he
wouldn’t waste so much water.
8. We would be (be) less worried if oil spills didn’t have
(not have) such destructive effects.
9. If we consumed less, we would produce (produce)
less waste material.
10. If we destroy (destroy) the ozone layer, nothing
would save (save) us from the UV rays.