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Examples of Internal and External Stakeholders A. Getting to Know Stakeholders Stakeholders can be said to be in Indonesian as stakeholders. Stakeholders are generally found in many business companies and even organizations to institutions. Stakeholders are counted as an important part of a company. Stakeholders have an active and passive role in efforts to develop the goals of a company. The existence of stakeholders is needed in the running of a company. This is because stakeholders can be supporters in the step forward or development of business activities of a company. Basically, a stakeholder is a set of people who fulfill a role in the company. For example, the role of stakeholders is as shareholders or providers of capital. This role is very important because it can help companies in running a business so that it runs smoothly and can develop. As quoted from the Corporate Finance Institute, stakeholders are a group of parties from individuals, groups or communities who have an interest in the existence of an organization or company. Stakeholders here have a very influential role when it comes to business sustainability. Stakeholders are actually divided into two types, namely internal and external stakeholders. B. Types of Stakeholders
1. Internal Stakeholders Internal stakeholders are a group of stakeholders who are in a company. These internal stakeholders have a direct interest in the company as well as greatly affect the running of a business. These internal stakeholders also have ownership and have a role in determining the company's decisions in carrying out its functions. It is the important role in a company that makes them referred to as internal stakeholders. The parties included in the ranks of internal stakeholders are business owners and employees. 2. External Stakeholders
By definition, external stakeholders are the opposite of internal stakeholders. If an internal stakeholder is a party who has interests in a company, then an external stakeholder is a party that has part of the business stakeholders outside the company. Stakeholders from outside the company structurally have no ownership or job responsibilities relationship with the company. The role of external stakeholders is actually the same as the role of internal stakeholders, namely giving each other an impact to the company. External stakeholders have a role that can influence the decisions of internal stakeholders of the company, from capital owners to employees. Parties who are included in external stakeholders or as corporate stakeholders from outside the company include customers, suppliers, investors, competitors, banks, governments, and so on. C. Examples of Stakeholders and Their Roles and Functions Stakeholders in a company actually have different roles, it is adjusted to the functions and responsibilities carried out. However, the two stakeholders of the company have the same goal in an effort to develop the company, both in business-related needs to economic needs. After understanding the two types of stakeholders, both from internal to external stakeholders. The following are examples of internal stakeholders and examples of external stakeholders and their roles and functions.
1. Examples of Internal Stakeholders a. The company / organization itself The first example of internal stakeholders, namely a company or organization is included in the part of stakeholders that have a relationship related to the interests of all stakeholders. The company itself plays an important role in terms of managerial decision making. Managerial decisions made by the company will provide a number of useful information both mandatory and voluntary. b. Shareholders or Owners
The development of a company is largely determined by the interest of consumers. That is what should be the basis for the company to always provide products that are in accordance with the wishes and needs of consumers, both from product quality to the purchase value of the product. Therefore, consumers have a very important role so that they are included as one of the external stakeholders of a company. c. Bank (Creditor) The third example of external stakeholders, namely in a business to establish a company, will be difficult if you do not have very large capital. It has become one of the common ways of doing business to use debt in carrying out development, or even expansion of a company. Therefore, a bank or natural person or financial institution is included in the list of external stakeholders of a company. Creditors are parties who have an important role for the company. However, creditors don't just lend them money easily. There are many processes that companies must go through in order to get a loan, of course, it can be seen from the company's ability to return money at a predetermined time and interest, whether it is through installments or in cash. d. Competitors The fourth example of external stakeholders, namely competitors, becomes one of the external stakeholders of a company because it has a role as a competitor. A competitor is a company that produces the same product or service as a particular industry. A company must realize the importance of competitors, it is because competitors can encourage companies to be more innovative in creating products or services. For example, the competition between Honda and Toyota. The two automotive companies from the country have long competed in Indonesia to win market interest. A competition in any business world can increase the demand for a good to increase. e. Government The last example of external stakeholders, namely the government is one of the external stakeholders that has an important role for a company. The government is directly the party that has the power and authority in issuing development permits to the operation of a company. As a policy actor, companies must build good relationships with the government of
the area where the factory operates because it can determine the long-term progress of a company. Well, internal and external stakeholders have the ability to influence various economic sources used in operating a company. Of course, this makes the strength of the functions of each stakeholder, from internal stakeholders to external stakeholders within the company determined based on the amount of power they control over the source. In determining stakeholders, the company will choose based on the interests and impacts that can be given. As a result, the company can take actions that can create a harmonious relationship between the company and its stakeholders. D. Social Responsibility of Stakeholders After understanding the meaning and examples of stakeholders to their functions and roles, the following will be discussed further about social responsibility from the company to stakeholders. To create a balance between the roles and relationships of each stakeholder. Companies are supposed to take action as a form of social responsibility. The concept of social responsibility is usually known as Corporate Social Responsibility or CSR. This social responsibility needs to be carried out by a company if it wants to get a guarantee of sustainability in operating for the long term, this is certainly a way to maximize profit. Well, the following are five forms of social responsibility from the company to its stakeholders, including:
- Social Responsibility towards Employees A company can run optimally if it has employees who work in accordance with the provisions of the procedure. Therefore, in carrying out work in a company, business actors must give social responsibility to employees. The forms of social responsibility that must be given by the company to employees are such as providing comfortable and decent facilities for company employees, providing certainty of wages in accordance with the employment contract, and not discriminating.
- Social Responsibility towards Consumers
