Ethics Code for Teachers in the Philippines: Violations, Duties, and Student Rights, Schemes and Mind Maps of Science education

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The Code of

Ethics for

Professional

Teachers in Their

Dual Role as

Educator and

Code of Ethics for Professional

Teachers adopted and promulgated

by the Board for Professional

Teachers through Board Resolution

No. 435, series of 1997, pursuant to

the provisions of paragraph (e),

Article II of RA No. 7836, otherwise

known as the “Philippine Teachers

Professionalization Act of 1994”

TEACHERS AS PROFESSIONALS

Duly licensed professionals who

possess dignity and reputation with

high moral values as well as technical

and professional competence. In the

practice of their noble profession, they

strictly adhere to observe, and practice

this set of ethical and moral principles,

standard and values.

(Preamble, Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers)

“Every teacher shall merit reasonable

social recognition for which purpose he shall

behave with honor and dignity at all times and

refrain from such activities as gambling,

smoking, drunkenness and other excesses,

much less illicit relations.”

(Code of Ethics, Article III, Section 3)

“A teacher shall place premium upon self-

respect and self-discipline as the principle of

personal behavior in all relationships with

others and in all situations.”

(Code of Ethics, Article XI, Section 2)

Joseph Santos vs. NLRC, Hagonoy Institute, Inc. “As teacher, (one) serves as an example to his/her pupils xxx. Consequently xxx teachers must adhere to the exacting standards of morality and decency. xxx A teacher both in his official and personal conduct must display exemplary behavior.” He must freely and willingly accept restrictions on his conduct that might be viewed irksome xxx the personal behavior of teachers, IN AND OUTSIDE THE CLASSROOM, must be beyond reproach xxx they must observe a high standard of integrity and honesty.”

To strictly honor contractual obligation

with the School

Art. VI, Sec. 6, Code of Ethics:

“A teacher who accepts a

position assumes a contractual

obligation to live up to his contract,

assuming full knowledge of the

employment terms and

conditions.”

TO ACT WITH HONOR:

As a PARENT Article 218 of the Family Code provides— “The school, its administrators and teachers, x x x engaged in child care shall have special parental authority and responsibility over the minor child while under their supervision, instruction or custody.” Article 219 of the Family Code provides— “Those given the authority and responsibility under (Article 218) shall principally and solidarily liable for damages caused by acts or omissions of the unemancipated minor.”

What is QUALITY EDUCATION? Principal Duty or Obligation is To Ensure “Quality Education” “x x x making sure that basic education is really solid, because if it is not solid, it affects the quality of secondary education. If secondary education is poor, then the person goes to college unprepared for college work. And if he is allowed to graduate again with a poor quality college education, he goes to university professional education even more unprepared.”

- Rev. Fr. Joaquin Bernas, SJ

**To ensure Quality Education:

1. Must be COMPETENT and EFFICIENT**

Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers,

Article IV, Section 2—

“Every teacher shall uphold the highest possible standards of quality education, shall make the best preparation for the career of teaching, and shall be at his best at all times in the practice of his profession.”

BP 232 (Education Act of 1982), Section 16 (2) provides— “The teacher shall xxx be accountable for efficient and effective attainment of specified learning objectives xxx.” Code of Ethics further mandates that— “Every teacher shall participate in the continuing professional education (CPE) program of the PRC, and shall pursue such other studies as will improve his efficiency, enhance the prestige of the profession, and strengthen his competence, virtue and productivity in order to be nationally and internationally competitive.” (Article IV, Section 3)

In short— A teacher is expected to be efficient and competent in the performance of his academic duties at all times. Otherwise, A teacher who has consistently shows his inability to efficiently perform his duties and responsibilities, within a common performance standards should not be allowed to stay in school xxx. The MRPS provides as just cause of terminating a faculty— “Gross inefficiency and incompetence in the performance of his duties xxx.” (Section 3 (a))

Hence, the SC held in Evelyn Peña vs. NLRC that—

“x x x schools can set

high standards of

efficiency for its

teachers since quality

education is a mandate

of the Constitution xxx

security of tenure xxx

cannot be used to shield

incompetence.”

In the case of University of the East vs. Romeo A. Jader, the SC declared— “It is the contractual obligation of the school (through the teachers) to TIMELY INFORM AND FURNISH sufficient notice and information to each and every student as to whether he/she had already complied with all the requirements xxx.” “The negligent act of a teacher who fails to observe the rules of the school, for instance, by not promptly submitting a student’s grade is not only imputable to the teacher but is an act of the school being his/her employer xxx.”

In evaluating/giving grades the following

rules of conduct must be observed—

Code of Ethics provides— “A teacher has the duty to determine the academic marks and the promotion of learners in the subject they handle. Such determination shall be in accordance with generally accepted procedure of evaluation and measurement on case of any complaint, teachers concerned shall immediately take appropriate action, observing the process.” (Article VIII, Section 1)