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The Impact of TikTok Usage on
Academic Performance among
High School Students
Exploring the Relationship Between Usage of
TikTok and Academic Performance among
Selected Grade 12 General Academic Strand
(GAS) Students of Labas Senior High School
Introduction
This study aims to investigate the relationship between students' academic performance in Grade 12 GAS strand and their use of TikTok, a popular social media platform. The rising popularity of TikTok among young people has prompted concerns about its potential impact on students' academic achievement and performance.
Methodology
This is a mixed-method research study that employs a sequential explanatory research methodology. The researchers first collected and analyzed quantitative data, followed by qualitative data. The data for this study were obtained from a diverse sample of students using survey questionnaires and academic records.
To determine the correlation between TikTok usage and academic performance, the researchers will analyze TikTok usage patterns and measures of academic performance, including grades, achievements, and participation. Statistical techniques will be used to evaluate the data.
Additionally, the study will explore other potential mediating factors, such as time management skills, self-discipline, and social engagement, to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship.
Findings
Attendance
The study will investigate the relationship between TikTok usage and student attendance.
Achievement/Awards
The study will examine the relationship between TikTok usage and student achievement, including awards and recognition.
Participation, Study Habits, and Productivity
The study will assess the effects of TikTok usage on student participation, study habits, and productivity.
Grades
The study will explore the relationship between TikTok usage and student grades.
Significance
The results of this study will contribute to the existing literature on the impact of social media use, particularly TikTok, on students' academic performance. The findings will inform educators, parents, and future researchers about the potential advantages and disadvantages of using TikTok and other social media platforms.
The Relationship between TikTok Usage and
Academic Performance among Selected Grade
12 General Academic Strand (GAS) Students
of Labas Senior High School
Introduction
The rise of social media has transformed the way people communicate and interact with one another. TikTok, in particular, has become extremely popular among young people worldwide, making it one of the most widely used social media platforms in recent years. However, concerns have been expressed regarding the potential negative impact of TikTok usage on academic performance.
Several studies have investigated the relationship between social media consumption and academic performance, with inconsistent findings. However, there has been limited research on the specific impact of TikTok usage on academic performance. This research is crucial as it could provide insights into the potential effects of TikTok on students' academic achievement, which could help educators and policymakers develop strategies to minimize any negative impacts.
Social Cognitive Theory
Albert Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory proposes that conduct is impacted by the combination of personal factors, environment, and cognitive processes.
Self-Determination Theory
Edward Deci and Richard Ryan's Self-Determination Theory focuses on people's intrinsic and extrinsic drive. According to this view, individuals have three innate psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Excessive TikTok usage may satisfy students' need for autonomy and relatedness as they connect with people and have control over their leisure time in the context of TikTok. However, if their use of TikTok begins to undercut their need for competence (academic accomplishment), their academic performance may suffer.
Conceptual Framework
The conceptual framework for this study is based on the Input-Process- Output model. The input includes the demographic profile of the respondents, such as age, grade, section, and frequency of TikTok usage. The process involves examining the effects of TikTok on academic performance in terms of participation, study habits, and productivity. The output focuses on how TikTok affects the students' academic performance in terms of grades, attendance, and achievements/awards.
Statement of the Problem
What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of: 1.1. Age 1.2. Grade 1.3. Section 1.4. Frequency of TikTok usage (Less than 1 hour, 1-3 hours, 4-6 hours, More than 6 hours)
What are the effects of TikTok on the academic performance of the respondents in terms of: 2.1. Participation 2.2. Study Habits 2.3. Productivity
How does TikTok affect the students' academic performance in terms of: 3.1. Grades 3.2. Attendance 3.3. Achievements/Awards
Is there any significant relationship between TikTok usage and the academic performance of the respondents?
How frequently do students use TikTok and how much time do they spend using it?
Hypothesis
H1: There is a significant relationship between the use of TikTok and students' academic performance. Students who use TikTok more frequently
are probably less likely to perform well in school than those who use it less or never.
H2: There is no significant relationship between TikTok usage and academic performance among General Academic Strand (GAS) students of Labas Senior High School, or the relationship could be positive, suggesting that students who use TikTok more frequently may achieve a higher academic performance.
Scope and Delimitations
This study covers the relationship between the usage of TikTok and the academic performance of the students. It focuses on the General Academic Strand (GAS) students of Labas Senior High School. The study does not cover other academic strands or subjects that are not part of the GAS. The study utilizes a questionnaire presented to the participants as a survey and resource.
Significance of the Study
This study is of great benefit to the following:
Students: They gained a better understanding of how social media, specifically TikTok, affected their academic performance. The research helped them identify the positive and negative impacts of TikTok usage on their academic performance, allowing them to make better decisions about their social media use.
Parents: Parents gained insights into how TikTok usage affected their children's academic performance, enabling them to set limits on their children's social media use and help them manage their time better.
Educators: Teachers and educators benefited from the research, as it provided them with information that they could use to create programs and activities aimed at educating students about responsible social media use.
Researchers: This study contributed to the understanding of how TikTok usage affects students' academic performance, which is useful in developing strategies to assist students in managing their social media usage.
Future Researchers: The research findings could be used to develop theories and models that could be applied in other contexts, further expanding the body of literature on social media and academic performance.
Definition of Terms
Academic engagement: The extent to which students actively participate in learning activities and are motivated to succeed academically.
Learning in Social Media
Research has explored the use of TikTok as a tool for improving students' knowledge in history. The study found that the issues with including history in the curriculum are related to ineffective teaching methods, lack of student interest, and the complexity of the subject. The researchers discovered that using self-produced mini-lecture TikTok videos as a teaching tool can internally encourage students to look up more trustworthy historical information, gain confidence in educating their viewers, and enjoy learning due to TikTok's ability to encourage passion and creativity.
Another study found that the use of innovative teaching techniques, such as the integration of TikTok and other platforms, can have an excellent and remarkable effect on students' learning engagement, motivation, and interest, which in turn improves their academic achievement.
Emergence of Academic Learning on TikTok
TikTok is recognized as a top-notch video-sharing site for learning, with many internet influencers using the platform to impart educational content. While TikTok can be a major distraction when used improperly during study time, it can also be an excellent educational tool when used effectively.
Research exploring the perspectives of English majors on TikTok found that applications like TikTok have an impact on the learning and teaching of students, particularly during the pandemic. TikTok can serve as a self- learning or supplementary tool for topics already discussed by teachers and professors, helping students develop their macro skills. However, the credibility of the content on TikTok can be a concern due to the potential for misleading or false information.
Foreign Literatures and Studies
A study conducted with college students from Bridgewater State University and UMass Amherst found that the more time participants spent on TikTok each day, the more they became distracted by it when trying to pay attention in class and complete schoolwork. The findings suggest that TikTok can impact college students' abilities to focus in class and complete their assignments, potentially leading to poorer academic performance.
The Impact of Social Media, Particularly
TikTok, on Academic Performance
The Negative Effects of Social Media on Academic
Performance
According to studies, social media platforms like TikTok can have a detrimental impact on students' academic performance. Excessive use of social media has been linked to decreased academic progress, reduced attentiveness in class, and lower self-esteem, which can hinder students'
motivation to learn and participate (Wojdan et al., 2021). Students who spend more time on social media platforms like TikTok tend to prioritize socializing and making new connections online over academic activities like reading books.
The research by Nizam et al. (2021) specifically highlights the negative relationship between social media use, particularly TikTok, and students' academic performance. Their study found that students often become addicted to TikTok and struggle to control their usage, leading to a lack of focus on educational purposes. This results in a significant impact on their academic performance, timeliness, health, and overall attention.
Procrastination and Social Media
Several studies have linked procrastination to poor academic performance, citing issues with time management, goal-setting, self-management skills, and academic dishonesty (Schouwenburg, 2004; Wäschle et al., 2014; Ugurlu, 2013; Roig & DeTommaso, 1995). This can be seen when students purposefully delay academic tasks until the last minute, leading to increased stress, disengagement, and even cheating (Lay & Schouwenburg, 1993; Rushkoff, 2013).
However, some research suggests that the use of video-based applications like TikTok can actually help improve time management and reduce procrastination among students (Ge and Li, 2020; Hu, 2011; Qiu and Gao, 2007). These studies indicate that incorporating video-based lessons into formal classroom instruction can enhance students' knowledge retention and cognitive processes, in addition to addressing their procrastination habits.
The Potential Benefits of TikTok in Education
While the majority of research highlights the negative impact of TikTok on academic performance, some studies have found potential benefits in using the platform for educational purposes. A study conducted at the Indoamerica Technological University in Ecuador (Rendón et al., 2022) suggests that students who use TikTok as a learning tool are more motivated and demonstrate stronger academic performance compared to those who do not use the platform.
The study also found that younger teachers who are more familiar with TikTok are more receptive to its advantages in the learning process, while older teachers may struggle to adapt to the use of social media and technology in the classroom.
The Role of Social Media in Learning
The use of social media platforms, including TikTok, can be integrated into the learning process as a valuable medium. These platforms can provide students with engaging and relevant learning experiences, as well as facilitate the delivery of educational content (Mahmudah, 2021). Researchers have explored the use of various social media applications,
TikTok Usage and Student Behavior
Participation and Engagement
The survey results indicate that most respondents agreed that TikTok affected their class participation, learning behavior, and involvement (weighted mean of 2.81, "agree" category). Respondents also agreed that they balanced TikTok usage with their academic work (weighted mean of 3.15, "agree" category).
Study Habits
The average study habit related to TikTok usage is 2.96, which is in the "agree" category and considered good. Respondents agreed that they lose track of time while watching TikTok (weighted mean of 2.88), but they also agreed that TikTok helps them stay active while studying (weighted mean of 2.68) and provides valuable content and information (weighted mean of 2.95).
Productivity
Respondents agreed that they are able to balance their TikTok usage and academic responsibilities effectively (weighted mean of 3.23, "agree" category). However, they also agreed that TikTok usage has a negative impact on their academic performance (weighted mean of 2.65, "agree" category) and that TikTok is a distraction that hinders their productivity as a student.
In conclusion, the impact of TikTok on student academic performance is a complex issue with both positive and negative aspects. The key factor appears to be the individual student's ability to manage their time and usage of the app, as well as their ability to balance TikTok with their academic responsibilities.
Research Methodology
Research Design
The study used a mixed-methods research design with a sequential explanatory approach. Quantitative data was collected first on the frequency and duration of TikTok use and its impact on academic performance, followed by qualitative data to provide additional insights and context.
Population and Sampling
The study targeted 120 Grade 12 General Academic Strand (GAS) students from two sections, Curie and Marx.
The researchers selected a sample of 50 respondents, 25 from each section.
Data Gathering Procedure
The researchers reviewed relevant literature and studies on the topic. They administered a survey questionnaire to the selected Grade 12 GAS students to gather data on their age, grade, and TikTok usage frequency.
Research Instrument
The researchers used a survey questionnaire with two parts: socio- demographic profiling and Likert-scale questions.
Statistical Treatment of Data
Weighted mean was used to compute the weight of the respondents' answers. Likert scale was used to interpret the data. Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to determine the correlation between TikTok usage and academic performance.
Qualitative Data Analysis
The researchers conducted interviews with 15 selected participants to gather their experiences and perspectives on TikTok usage and academic performance. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes from the interview data.
Ethical Considerations
The study focused on the relationship between TikTok usage and academic performance among students, addressing concerns about the potential impact of increased social media usage on students' academic achievements.
Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of
Data
Demographic Profile of Respondents
The majority of respondents were 17-18 years old (48.8%) and had grades ranging from 86 to 90 (47.5%). The respondents were evenly distributed between the Curie (51.2%) and Marx (48.8%) sections. Most respondents used TikTok for less than 1 hour per day (41.5%), with a significant portion using it for 1-3 hours (36.6%).
1.3 Grade Level
Out of the total 41 respondents, 20 (48.8%) were from the Curie section, and 21 (52.3%) were from the Marx section.
1.4 Frequency of TikTok Usage
41.5% of respondents used TikTok for less than 1 hour per day. 36.6% used it for 1-3 hours per day. 9.8% used it for 4-6 hours per day. 12.2% used it for more than 6 hours per day.
2. Effects of TikTok on Academic Performance
2.1 Participation
The weighted mean for the first and fifth statements was 2.85 and 2.58, respectively, indicating that most respondents agreed TikTok affected their class participation, learning behavior, and involvement. For the second statement, the weighted mean was 3.15, showing that most agreed they balanced TikTok with academics.
2.2 Study Habits
The average weighted mean was 2.96, which is considered good. Respondents agreed that TikTok helps them take study breaks, provides valuable content and information, helps with focus, and alleviates boredom. However, they also agreed that they lose track of time while watching TikTok, which may affect their productivity.
3. TikTok's Effect on Academic Performance in Terms of
Grades, Attendance, and Achievement/Award
3.1 Grades
The average score of the responses is 2.64 out of 4, indicating that TikTok is generally viewed as both a distraction and a source of educational value. There is disagreement about the negative impact of using TikTok during study hours, with a score of 2.40 in question number 1. There is overall agreement that excessive usage of TikTok can negatively affect grades, with a score of 2.83 out of 4.
3.2 Attendance
The average of the 5 statements resulted in 2.76, indicating that respondents generally agree that TikTok can impact attendance, both positively and negatively.
The statement with the highest response (3.20) suggests that students who use TikTok responsibly can still maintain good attendance.
3.3 Achievement/Award
The average of the five statements resulted in a 2.46 weighted mean, indicating that respondents generally disagree that TikTok has a positive impact on their achievement and awards. The fourth statement, with a weighted mean of 2.98, is the only one that respondents agreed with, suggesting that they concentrate solely on a particular goal to receive more awards/achievements.
4. Correlation between TikTok Usage and Academic
Performance
4.1 Correlation with Grades
The correlation between TikTok usage (in terms of participation, study habits, and productivity) and grades showed very low positive correlations, with p-values greater than 0.05, indicating that the null hypothesis is accepted.
4.2 Correlation with Attendance
The correlation between TikTok usage and attendance also showed very low positive and negative correlations, with p-values greater than 0.05, indicating that the null hypothesis is accepted.
4.3 Correlation with Achievement/Award
The correlation between TikTok usage and achievement/award showed very low positive and negative correlations, with p-values greater than 0.05, indicating that the null hypothesis is accepted.
5. Qualitative Findings
5.1 TikTok as Entertainment
Several respondents expressed that TikTok has a positive impact as an entertainment platform, providing enjoyment and potential for making new friends and connections. However, some respondents also mentioned that TikTok can have negative impacts, such as affecting their mental state due to depressive content.
years old, while 19.5% are 17 years old, implying that ages 18-19 use TikTok the most and frequently among all other ages.
Grade
The data indicates that the majority of respondents received grades ranging from 86 to 90, followed by a significant number in the range of 81 to 85. Notably, a considerable proportion of respondents who scored above 90 outperformed even those who scored between 76 and 80. Importantly, none of the respondents scored below 75, implying that all of the respondents got a passing grade while using TikTok.
Section
The data suggests a proper distribution of the survey and interview forms, with 41 respondents surveyed.
TikTok Usage Patterns
41.5% of respondents used TikTok for less than an hour, 36.6% reported using it for 1-3 hours, 9.8% utilized it for 4-6 hours, and 12.2% admitted to spending over 6 hours on TikTok. These findings indicate that the majority of respondents spend less than three hours per day on TikTok. However, a significant percentage of users exceed the recommended time limit, which raises concerns about potential negative impacts on their health and overall effectiveness.
Effects of TikTok on Academic Performance
Participation
The weighted mean suggests that TikTok has an effect on academic performance based on the answers of the respondents. Many of the respondents believe that they properly manage their usage of TikTok, implying that even with the effects of TikTok, they still believe they have minimized the effects due to their time management.
Study Habits
The average weighted mean of this parameter is 3.15, showing that the respondents agree that TikTok has a relative effect on their study habits, mostly negative effects that cause them to lose focus and struggle during study hours.
Productivity
The average weighted mean of 2.79 suggests that the respondents believe TikTok has little to no effect on their productivity, with respondents believing that they manage their time and balance TikTok usage and academic responsibilities.
Relationship between TikTok and Academic Performance
The use of Pearson's correlation and t-test shows that there is a very low positive and negative correlation between TikTok usage and academic performance.
Frequency and Duration of TikTok Usage
The thematic analysis of the interview data suggests that TikTok is primarily used for entertainment and does not affect the students' grades or academic performance. 5 out of 10 participants believe that TikTok has a positive impact, while the other 5 believe that TikTok has no effect and that the imbalance or improper usage of it is the cause, not the app itself.
Recommendations
Students should be more engaged in class and participate more, and they should refrain from becoming more active on the TikTok app to concentrate on their classes, as TikTok has a significant impact on their conduct and participation. Students should be encouraged to use TikTok moderately, recognizing the positive and negative effects of its usage on their academic performance. Emphasize the learning process rather than solely focusing on the final outcomes, and incorporate formative assessments that provide ongoing feedback to students. Advise students to limit their usage of the TikTok app and avoid using it after midnight to improve attendance. Teach students that setbacks and challenges are an integral part of the learning process and should be viewed as opportunities for growth, rather than concentrating only on TikTok.
The Impact of Social Media on Academic
Performance
Overview
The relationship between social media usage and academic performance has been a topic of growing interest in recent years. Several studies have explored the potential effects of social media platforms, such as TikTok, on students' engagement, motivation, and academic achievement.
TikTok and Student Engagement
Researchers have investigated the impact of TikTok, a popular short-video sharing platform, on students' engagement and academic performance. Some studies have found that TikTok can have both positive and negative effects on students' academic engagement.
