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Chapter 14

Special Issues in Training

and Employee Development

Trainers are often forced to deal with a

wide variety of important issues that fall

outside the traditional discussion of the

components of instructional system

design.

Cont…..

• Requiring employees to attend programs that might be offensive
• Revealing discriminatory information during a training session
• Not accommodating trainees with disabilities
• Incorrectly reporting training as an expense or failing to report training reimbursement as income
• Not ensuring equal treatment of all employees while in training

Cross-Cultural Preparation

• Cross-cultural preparation involves

educating employees and their families who

are to be sent to a foreign country (i.e.,

expatriates ).

• To successfully conduct business in the

global market place, employees must

understand the business practices and the

cultural norms of different countries.

Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions

• Power Distance
• Uncertainty Avoidance
• Individualism – Collectivism
• Masculinity – Femininity
• Long-term – Short-term

Time Orientation

To prepare employees

for cross-cultural

assignments,

companies need to

provide cross-cultural

training.

Foreign Assignments

• Foreign assignments involve three

phases:

• Pre-departure Phase
• On-Site Phase
• Repatriation Phase
• Training is necessary in all three phases.

Pre-departure Phase

• Employees need to receive language training and an orientation in the new country’s culture and customs - The family should be included in the orientation. - Expatriates and their families need information about housing, schools, recreation, shopping, and health care facilities in the area where they will live. - Experiential training methods are most effective in assignments that require significant interpersonal interaction with host nationals.

Repatriation Phase

• Prepares expatriates for return to the

parent company and country from the foreign assignment

• Expatriates and their families are likely to

experience high levels of stress and anxiety when they return because of the changes that have occurred since their departure

Repatriation Phase

• Many expatriates decide to leave the

company because the assignment they are given upon return has less responsibility, challenges, and status than the foreign assignment

• Employees should be encouraged to self-

manage the repatriation process

Implications of Cultural Dimensions for Training Design:

Cultural Dimension

Implications

Power Distance Culture high in power distance expects trainer to be expert. Trainers expected to be authoritarian and controlling of session.

Time Orientation Culture with long-term orientation will have trainees who are likely to accept development plans and assignments.

Managing Work Force Diversity

• Managing diversity involves creating an

environment that allows all employees to contribute to organizational goals and experience personal growth

• This includes:
  • Access to jobs
  • Fair and positive treatment of all employees

The goals of diversity training are:

• To eliminate values, stereotypes, and

managerial practices that inhibit employees’ personal development.

• To allow employees to contribute to

organizational goals regardless of their race, age, physical condition, sexual orientation, gender, family status, religious orientation, or cultural background.

How Managing Cultural Diversity Can Provide Competitive Advantage

Argument Rationale

1. Cost As organizations become more diverse, the cost of a poor job in integrating workers will increase. Those who handle this well will thus create cost advantages over those who don’t.
2. Resource Acquisition Companies develop reputations on favorability as prospective employers for women and minorities. Those with the best reputations for managing diversity will be the most attractive employers for women and minority groups. An important edge in a tight labor market.
3. Marketing The insight and cultural sensitivity that members with roots in other countries bring to the marketing effort should improve these efforts in important ways.