SIMPLE MACHINES
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Simple machine, any of several devices with few or no moving parts that are used to modify motion and the magnitude of a force in order to perform work. They are the simplest mechanisms known that can use leverage (or mechanical advantage) to increase force. The simple machines are the inclined plane, lever, wedge, wheel and axle, pulley, and screw.
Typology: Study notes
2022/2023
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SIMPLE MACHINES
Simple machine
Device that helps to lift heavy loads by applying small effort Eg lever, screw jack, wheel and axle, inclined plane, pulley etc
Velocity ratio
- (^) Distance moved by effort / distance moved by load
Mechanical efficiency
Efficiency. = Out out / input = Load × distance moved by load/ effort × distance moved by effort = MA/ velocity ratio
Ideal machine
It is the one having efficiency equal to 100% Or machine having mechanical advantage equal to velocity ratio
Reversible machine
Removal of effort while lifting results in lowering the load Efficiency will be greater than or equal to 50% Eg- pulley used for lifting water
- (^) 1. Calculate MA, VR and efficiency of the machine , if the machine is having a mass of 120 kg is lifted to a height of 5mby a force of 60kg moving 15m?
- (^) Calculate the applied force if a load of 400kg is lifted by a machine having an efficiency of 72% given the velocity ratio as 6?
- (^) In a lifting machine and effort of 500N is to be moved by a distance of 20m to raise a load of 10000N by a distance of 0.8m. Determine VR, MA and efficiency?
Load arm- Distance from point of load to fulcrum Effort Arm- distance from effort to fulcrum
Principle of lever
- (^) Load× load arm= Effort × effort arm