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ASSIGNMENT FINAL REPORT
Qualification Pearson BTEC Level 5 Higher National Diploma in Computing
Unit number and title Unit 13: Website Design & Development
Submission date Date Received 1st submission
Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission
Student Name Nguyen Duc Ngoc Student ID BH
Class SE07103 Assessor name Nguyen Thi Hong Hanh
Plagiarism
Plagiarism is a particular form of cheating. Plagiarism must be avoided at all costs and students who break the rules, however innocently, may be penalised. It is your responsibility to ensure that you understand correct referencing practices. As a university level student, you are expected to use appropriate references throughout and keep carefully detailed notes of all your sources of materials for material you have used in your work, including any material downloaded from the Internet. Please consult the relevant unit lecturer or your course tutor if you need any further advice.
Student Declaration
I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism. I declare that the work submitted for assessment has been carried out without assistance other than that which is acceptable according to the rules of the specification. I certify I have clearly referenced any sources and any artificial intelligence (AI) tools used in the work. I understand that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice.
Student’s signature Ngoc
Grading grid
P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 D1 D2 D
Introduction......................................................................................................................................................... 5 P1 Identify the purpose and types of DNS, including explanations on how domain names are organised and managed................................................................................................................................................................. 6 Definition Website........................................................................................................................................... 6 How the website works?.................................................................................................................................. 7 What is a domain name?................................................................................................................................. 7 How the domain names are organized and managed?.................................................................................... What is a Domain Name System?.................................................................................................................... 9 Purpose and type of DNS, how does DNS work............................................................................................... 9 P2 Explain the purpose and relationships between communication protocols, server hardware, operating systems and web server software........................................................................................................................ 12 Web communication protocols...................................................................................................................... 12 Server hardware............................................................................................................................................. Operating systems.......................................................................................................................................... Web server software...................................................................................................................................... 14 Relationship between communication protocols, server hardware, operating systems and web server software with regards to designing, publishing and accessing a website...................................................... 15 P3 Discuss the capabilities and relationships between front-end and back-end website technologies............... 16 Front-end technologies such as HTML, CSS, JS, ReactJS, AngularJS… Give advantages and disadvantages.. Back-end technologies such as PHP, Java, Node.JS... Give advantages and disadvantages............................ Explain how these relate to presentation and application layers.................................................................. 21 P4 Discuss the tools that create online websites.................................................................................................. Definition, advantages and disadvantages of Tools: WordPress, wix.com, Joomla, Coffee Cup.................... 22 Example: give an example of steps to create a website using WordPress, wix.com, Joomla, Coffee Cup..... 22 Create a comparison table showing the differences between online website creation tools and custom-built websites in terms of design flexibility, performance, functionality, User Experience (UX), and User Interface (UI).......................................................................................................................................... Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................................... References......................................................................................................................................................... 24
Introduction
Phone Sales Management Systems are powerful tools that streamline and enhance the sales process in businesses that rely on phone interactions with customers. These systems are designed to manage and optimize sales activities, improve customer relationships, and boost overall sales performance. There are
several Key Feature Clothes Sales Management Systems such as Call Tracking and Recording for Monitor and record calls for quality assurance, training, and compliance purposes. Lead Management for Capture, organize, and track leads generated through phone calls, enabling efficient follow-ups and conversions. Contact Management for Maintain detailed customer profiles, communication history, and preferences for personalized interactions. Sales Pipeline Management for Visualize the sales pipeline, track progress, and prioritize leads to drive revenue growth. Performance Analytic for Generate reports and analytic to evaluate sales team performance, identify trends, and make data-driven decisions. Impact on Business Operations with Efficiency for Streamline sales processes, reduce manual tasks, and improve productivity. Customer Experience for Enhance customer interactions through personalized communication and timely follow-ups. Data-driven Decision Making for Utilize insights and analytic to optimize sales strategies and forecast future sales trends. Compliance and Quality Assurance for Ensure adherence to regulatory requirements and maintain service quality standards. In the context of developing an online fashion sales website, integrating a Phone Sales Management System can provide a seamless multichannel experience for customers, enabling sales representatives to engage effectively with clients over the phone, leading to increased sales conversions and customer satisfaction. In the subsequent sections of the presentation, we will delve into the fundamental web technologies, server technologies, and hosting solutions essential for developing and managing websites, followed by in-depth discussions on front-end and back-end technologies, tools, and techniques that drive the creation of websites ranging from simple to complex.
engagement, often utilizing responsive design to adapt to various devices. Security measures like encryption and authentication safeguard user data, while feedback mechanisms enable user interaction and content evolution. In essence, websites serve as platforms where data flows between servers and browsers, enabling users to access, interact with, and consume digital content seamlessly across the Internet.
What is a domain name?
It functions as a unique and human-readable identifier for locating resources on the Internet. Domain Name serves as an address for websites, email servers, and other online services, aiding in navigating the interconnected network of devices and servers in a user-friendly manner. Structured hierarchically, domain names consist of levels separated by dots, starting with the top-level domain like “.com” or “.org”, followed by the second-level domain that typically represents the main identifier for a website or service. Subdomains can further organize content before the main domain name. Managed by the Domain Name System, domain names are translated into IP addresses, facilitating communication
between computers online. Registration of domain names is handled by accredited domain registrars, overseeing the reservation and allocation of these unique addresses. So domain names play a vital role in enabling users to access websites, send emails, connect to servers, and navigate the vast expanse of the Internet in a simple and memorable manner.
How the domain names are organized and managed?
Domain names are organized and managed through a hierarchical structure overseen by entities like the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. Domain Name System hierarchy starts with the root domain, then branches into top-level domains like .com or country-code TLDs such as .us. ICANN manages generic TLDs, while national authorities oversee ccTLDs. Domain registrars, accredited by ICANN, facilitate the registration process, allowing individuals and organizations to purchase and manage domain names. Registrants, the individuals or entities registering domain names, maintain control over their domains, handling tasks such as configuration, renewal, and ownership transfers. This structured system ensures the efficient registration, management, and accessibility of domain names, contributing to the smooth operation of the Internet and the identification of online resources.
What is a Domain Name System?
Domain Name System is the Internet's address book, converting human-readable domain names into machine-readable ip addresses. Hierarchically structured, it starts with the root domain, followed by
the IP address associated with the domain name. Once the IP address is obtained, the recursive server caches this information and sends it back to the user's device. The device can now connect to the desired website using the retrieved IP address. The recursive server caches the IP address information for a period of time to speed up future requests for the same domain.
Server hardware
Server hardware encompasses essential components critical for hosting and managing data, applications, and services in networked environments. At its core, the central processing unit (CPU) serves as the computational powerhouse, executing instructions and processing data, often with multi-core configurations for concurrent task handling. Random access memory (RAM) provides temporary data storage for active processes, requiring sufficient capacity for multitasking efficiency. Storage drives, including hard disk drives (HDDs) or solid-state drives (SSDs), store data, with HDDs offering high capacities and SSDs delivering faster data access speeds. A network interface card (NIC) enables network connectivity, while redundant power supplies ensure continuous operation in case of power failures. The motherboard acts as the central hub connecting components, and RAID controllers manage storage arrays for performance and fault tolerance. Cooling systems maintain optimal temperatures, expansion slots allow for additional hardware, and remote management interfaces enable remote monitoring and troubleshooting. This intricate interplay of components forms a robust server infrastructure, capable of delivering reliable performance, data storage, and network services essential for enterprise operations.
Operating systems
Operating systems are foundational software that manage computer hardware resources and provide services for computer programs. At the core lies the kernel, overseeing system resources like CPU, memory, and devices, while offering essential services to higher-level software. User interfaces, whether command-line or graphical, enable user-computer interactions through windows, icons, menus, and
pointers. Memory management optimizes RAM and virtual memory usage, preventing process interference. File system management organizes data storage, managing directories, permissions, and data integrity. Device management controls input/output devices via drivers, while process management schedules, allocates resources, and coordinates program execution. Security mechanisms safeguard systems and data with user authentication, access control, and encryption. Networking features support communication between computers, managing configurations, protocols, and services like file sharing. Regular updates, maintenance tools, and backup capabilities are integral for system health. Popular operating systems such as Windows, macOS, Linux distributions, and mobile OSs like iOS and Android cater to diverse needs, offering varying levels of customization, security, and compatibility with software and hardware.
Web server software
Web server software plays a crucial role in delivering web content, managing requests, and facilitating communication between clients and servers. Apache HTTP Server, an open-source platform, is renowned for its reliability and flexibility, supporting features like virtual hosting and SSL/TLS encryption. Nginx, another popular choice, excels in handling concurrent connections efficiently, particularly for serving static content and load balancing. Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) is Microsoft's Windows-based web server, offering high performance and integration with technologies like ASP.NET. LiteSpeed and its open-source variant, OpenLiteSpeed, are known for their scalability, security, and compatibility with Apache configurations. Caddy, a modern web server, emphasizes simplicity and automatic HTTPS configuration. Apache Tomcat serves as a web server and servlet container for Java-based web applications, while Node.js enables server-side JavaScript execution, suitable for real-time web applications. The choice of web server software depends on factors like traffic volume,
between clients and servers. So to be interacting with the operating system to handle incoming requests, access website files, and communicate with clients based on established communication protocols.
When designing a website, the communication protocols determine how data is transmitted, ensuring secure and efficient communication. Server hardware specifications, such as CPU, RAM, and storage capacity, influence the website's performance and responsiveness. The operating system choice impacts the software compatibility and system stability required for website hosting. Web server software selection influences how web content is served, impacting website speed and functionality. During website publishing and access, the proper communication protocols enable seamless data exchange between clients and servers, ensuring content delivery. Reliable server hardware supports website availability and responsiveness, handling user requests efficiently. The operating system manages resources to run the web server software effectively, supporting website operations. Web server software processes requests, serves web content, and interacts with the operating system and hardware to deliver a functional website to users.
P3 Discuss the capabilities and relationships between front-end and
back-end website technologies.
Front-end technologies such as HTML, CSS, JS, ReactJS, AngularJS… Give advantages and
disadvantages
- HTML (HyperText Markup Language):
Advantages: HTML provides a clear structure for web content, making it easy to organize and present information. It is supported by all browsers and devices, ensuring broad accessibility. Being Properly structured HTML can improve search engine visibility.
Disadvantages: HTML alone lacks advanced styling capabilities, requiring CSS for visual design. Static is primarily static and lacks dynamic interactions without the use of JavaScript.
- CSS (Cascading Style Sheets):
Advantages: CSS allows for extensive styling of web elements, enabling customization and design consistency. It supports responsive design, ensuring websites display effectively on various devices and helps separate content from presentation, making it easier to maintain and update styles.
Disadvantages: Ensuring consistent rendering across different browsers can be challenging. Managing large CSS files and complex layouts can lead to maintainability issues.
Advantages: JavaScript enables dynamic and interactive web experiences for users. JavaScript can validate user inputs on the client side, enhancing user experience. It is a versatile language used for front-end and back-end development.
Disadvantages: Be Ensuring JavaScript functions correctly across different browsers can be complex. The client-side JavaScript can expose vulnerabilities if not handled securely.
Back-end technologies such as PHP, Java, Node.JS... Give advantages and disadvantages
- PHP is known for its ease of use and wide support, making it accessible for beginners. Its large community and extensive documentation provide ample resources for developers. However, PHP's performance may lag behind other back-end technologies, and its flexibility can lead to security vulnerabilities if not managed carefully.
- Java stands out for its scalability, making it ideal for large and complex applications. Its "write once, run anywhere" principle enhances portability across different platforms, and its robust ecosystem offers a wide range of libraries and frameworks for diverse development needs. On the downside, Java can be verbose and complex, requiring more code, and Java applications can be memory-intensive, affecting performance on systems with limited resources.
- Node.js excels in performance and scalability, particularly for real-time applications, with its asynchronous I/O operations enhancing responsiveness to multiple requests. Leveraging the extensive JavaScript ecosystem, Node.js benefits from a wide range of npm packages and frameworks. However, being single-threaded can lead to performance issues with CPU-bound tasks, and the asynchronous programming model in Node.js can introduce complexity and potential callback hell.
