Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Prepare for your exams
Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points to download
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Community
Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts
Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users
Free resources
Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors
The researcher focuses to analyze Santiago's personality as of major characters in Paolo Coelho's The Alchemist uses individual psychology approach. 5.
Typology: Lecture notes
1 / 17
This page cannot be seen from the preview
Don't miss anything!
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of The Requirement for Bachelor Degree in English Department
ii
Consultant I Consultant II
ABSTRACT The major problem of this study is how Santiago’s strive for success reflected in Paolo Coelho’s The Alchemist novel. The objective of this study is to analyze the novel based on its structural elements and to analyze the novel based on individual psychological approach as major theory and strive for success as issue. In analyzing The Alchemist novel, the researcher uses qualitative method and feminist approach. The data sources consist of primary data and secondary data sources. The primary data source is the novel The Alchemist itself and the secondary data sources are the other sources related to the analysis of the object and issue. The method of the data collection is descriptive analysis. The first result of the study in structural analysis shows that The Alchemist is simple fiction based on portion for structural elements. The second result in personality analysis, Santiago’s strive for success is the journey to discover personal legend or self destiny. In process to strive for success, treasure as symbol Santiago’s final goals is bringing individual experience which being analyzed using six basic principles of Adler’s Individual psychological approach. The result shows that Santiago striving for spiritual and psychological experiences is precious for livehood. Keywords: Personal legend, Strive for Success, journey. A. Introduction
1. Background of the Study The Alchemist is a phenomenal novel that first published in 1988, originally this novel written in Portuguese It has been translated into 71 languages as of 2011. The book has gone on to becoming an international bestseller. The book has number principles of living. Santiago reflected person who dare to pursue a dream and focus on realizing it. The researcher caught many interests side of the Santiago character. He reflected a man who represents the struggles to achieve their dreams .Paolo Coelho tells a meaningful story by simply description, The Alchemist tells a young Andalusia shepherd named Santiago in his journey to Egypt, after having
a recurring dream of finding treasure. He begins to have recurring dreams of hidden treasure where near the Pyramids of Egypt. He was met King of Salem who revealed the secret of his dreams, After Melchizedek revealed to him the concept of personal legend then explained Santiago’s destiny, Santiago decided to traveler to fulfill his Personal Legend, the journey to accomplished his greatest wish. Discovering Personal legend is reflection of Santiago’s striving for success. In the story, a Santiago has a quest to find his own Personal Legend. Santiago’s personal legend refers to purpose of his journey which represent by finding treasure in pyramid. The process of discovering personal legend can be analyzed by psychological theory. the aspects of Santiago’s personality can be analyze based on fiction finalism, inferiority feeling and compensation, striving for superiority, Social interest, style of life and last creative power of self.
2. Literature Review There are some literature reviews from the other researchers that will be used to be references. First, the research has been written by Nawang Wulan (2010) from Program Pasca sarjana Diponegoro University Semarang entitle: MENDENGAR HATI, MENGEJAR MIMPI DAN REALITAS DUNIA: INTERPRETASI SIMBOL DALAM NOVEL THE ALCHEMIST KARYA PAULO COELHO, The research is revealed the hidden meaning behind the symbols in The Alchemist novel by Paulo Coelho the subjects that have been analyzed are three subjects, the relation between Narcissus stories as the novel prologue with Santiago’s story, then second is to interpret the eleven main symbols of the novel, and last is to find the hidden message of the novel. Second research as literature review in this research is paper entitle: THE MEANING OF NATURE FOR SANTIAGO IN HIS EFFORTS TO FIND THE REAL HAPPINESS IN THE ALCHEMIST, written by Nani Indrajani (2010) T. from English Department of Petra Christian University Surabaya. In the conclusion the researcher reveal that struggles of Santiago to find his real happiness that becomes his destiny and he has to pass through a long and
6. Benefit of the Study There two main benefit study, there are practical and theoretical benefit, Theoretical Benefit is contribute to the knowledge about literary study especially these dealing with Paolo Coelho’s The Alchemist. Practical benefits are giving contributions knowledge to other literary researchers especially in the study of Paolo Coelho’s work. In educational field could be reference because The Alchemist novel have number educational principles based on Santiago journey. 7. Underlying Theory a. Structural Elements This is the element that builds up the literary work from inside it. This what we call intrinsic elements, which include character, setting, plot, point of view, style, and theme (Nurgiyantoro, 1995: 79). The researcher will focus to analyze the structural of the novel based on intrinsic element as narrative to limit scope of research.
narrator (Barnet, 1963: 38).
5. Technique of Data Analysis Theresearcher describes the text and content analysis to get the characteristic of the data to individual psychological analysis of the novel The Alchemist. Then, the researcher interprets those data through the study**. C. Analysis And Discussion
used by the author to tell his idea in a story. In The Alchemist, Paolo Coelho chooses the some unfamiliar term to understand such as beginner luck and personal legend.
2. Santiago’s Individual Psychology Analysis The Santiago’s personality will be analyzed using Individual psychology proposed by Alfred Adler consists of six basic concepts. These are (1) fictional finalism, (2) inferiority felling, (3) striving for superiority, (4) social interest, (5) style of life, (6) creative power. a. Fictional Finalism Santiago’s fictional finalism is dreams to discovering treasure in pyramid is following to his desire to be the traveler. But he didn't need to worry about that right now. What he had to be concerned about was his treasure, and how he was going to go about getting it. The sale of his sheep had left him with enough money in his pouch, and the boy knew that in money there was magic; whoever has money is never really alone. Before long, maybe in just a few days, he would be at the Pyramids. An old man, with a breastplate of gold, wouldn't have lied just to acquire six sheep. ( The Alchemist , 1992:18) Santiago’s fictional finalism is the subjective perception of interpretation his dreams and suggestion from King of Salem to discover personal legend in process to find treasure in pyramid then following his desire to be the traveler. Santiago’s passion is to travelling new place to meet new people and learn new thing from the nature. The treasure reflected his self-achievement and travelling is reflection Santiago’s ways of life. b. Inferiority Feeling and Compensations Santiago was driven by two main inferiority feeling. But the reason why decided to travel for the treasure because as become shepherd he faced by identity crisis. Santiago’s identity crisis triggers some inferiority feeling. There are inferiority feeling as shepherd and inferiority to become loser. In beginning of story, Santiago describing as boys who decided to be shepherd after arguing with his father. Decision to be shepherd is symbol
Peak mystic experience appeared when the moments of found the treasure in abundance church. In this moment he really felt that the journey has intense excitement and high tension as well as those of relaxation, peacefulness, blissfulness and stillness. The peak mystic experience final goal Cleary received..Santiago felt that his meaning of journey more important than discovering treasure. In his journey he found a lot value of life. He also found the meaning a universal language and most the important he found his beloved women Fatima. d. Social Interest Santiago is man who responsible with his promise. He remembers that he promised Old Gypsy Woman to give tenth of his treasure if he finds it. Then he come back to Al-Fayoum oasis to met Fatima, he promised Fatimah that he will be married if Santiago return from his quest to find his personal legend. It's true; life really is generous to those who pursue their destiny, the boy thought. Then he remembered that he had to get to Tarifa so he could give one- tenth of his treasure to the Gypsy woman, as he had promised. Those Gypsies are really smart, he thought. Maybe it was because they moved around so much.( The Alchemist , 1992:88) In conclusion, Santiago’s has little social interaction to other but Santiago very respectful to elder, but he has deep impression to King of Salem, The Crystal Merchant and The Alchemist. King of Salem is a symbol of Santiago’s life change and motivation for personal legend. Crystal merchant who credited helping Santiago in needs and was teaches Arabian language. While The Alchemist is a mentor who taught about how to listens the heart and follow his own destiny without give up. e. Style of Life He is anti-social boy but he also needed social interaction. As social person Santiago must need other people commodity. He trades his sheep’s wools to be exchanged his basic needs. After decide discover treasure in Africa Santiago’s style of life beginning changed. He needs more interaction and other people help to satisfy his basic needs because in
Africa he must survive as stranger in strange land. The boy knew a lot of people in the city. That was what made traveling appeal to him—he always made new friends, and he didn't need to spend all of his time with them. When someone sees the same people every day, as had happened with him at the seminary, they wind up becoming a part of that person's life. And then they want the person to change. If someone isn't what others want them to be, the others become angry. Everyone seems to have a clear idea of how other people should lead their lives, but none about his or her own. ( The Alchemist , 1992:8) Santiago’s style of live is getting type, is mean that Santiago is individual with the attitude giving pay more attention in outside world in manner. But he was depending on the other to satisfy most their needs. f. Creative Power of the Self The basic creative power of the Santiago’s self is seeing and thinking different from other people perspectives. Santiago has unique thought manner. He always takes life lessons in every instance. He though positively and put himself in cozy position. His mindset always searches solutions in any problem. It is makes him was motivated although faced many obstacles. The horizon was tinged with red, and suddenly the sun appeared. The boy thought back to that conversation with his father, and felt happy; he had already seen many castles and met many women (but none the equal of the one who awaited him several days hence). He owned a jacket, a book that he could trade for another and a flock of sheep. But, most important, he was able every day to live out his dream. If he were to tire of the Andalusia fields, he could sell his sheep and go to sea. By the time he had had enough of the sea, he would already have known other cities, other women, and other chances to be happy. I couldn't have found God in the seminary, he thought, as he looked at the sunrise. ( The Alchemist , 1992:5) He developed ability to always seeing every moment, so he could interpret every moment as guidance of God. He must seeing problem from different perspective in order to could learn from any moment. The creative type of Santiago that he is action oriented learner, he spent more attention to learn from the actions than the theory in seminary.
numbers principles of lives. The moral values of The Alchemist are appropriate in education system. The moral values The book mentions the point that the only way to learn is through action. The theory just basic framework to resolve problems but the best way on finding own people solution is through actions. This novel teaches people dared to dreams and do not fears to failure. Researchers suggest that The Alchemist values can apply in character building in school. The educational values of The Alchemist are how tochasea dream and nevergive upno matter what happens.
Adler, Alfred. 1956. The Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler. New York: Basic Book Barnet. 1961. An Introduction to Literature: Fiction/ Poetry/ Drama. Boston: Little Brown Feist, Jess. 1985. Theories of Personality. New York: CBC College Publish Hjelle, Larry A and Daniel J. Ziegler. 1992. Personality Theories Basic Assumptions, Research and Applications. Singapore: McGraw Hill, Inc. Indrajani. T, Nani, 2010: The Meaning Of Nature For Santiago In His Efforts to Find The Real Happiness In The Alchemist, Christian University Surabaya Klarer, Mario. 1998. An introduction to Literary Studies. London: Rutledge. Koesnosoebroto, Sunaryono Basuki. 1988. The Anatomy of Prose Fiction. Jakarta: Dep. P dan K. Nurgiyantoro ,Burhan 1995. Teori Pengkajian Fiksi , Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. Puspa, Juninada Sari, 2007. Aktualisasi Diri Santiago Dalam Novel Sang Alkemis Menurut Psikologi Humanistik Maslow .Yogyakarta: Faculty of Psychology, Sanata Dharma University, Muraleedharan, Manju 2011_. The Triad of Man, Universe And God In Paulo Coelho’sNovel The Alchemist_ , Madras Christian College Tambaram India. Rykman, Ricard M, 1985. Theories of Personality (third Edition) : California; wardword, Inc. Wulan, Nawang, 2010. Mendengar Hati, Mengejar Mimpi dan Realitas Dunia: Interpretasi Simbol Dalam Novel The Alchemist Karya Paulo Coelho, Universitas Diponegoro Semarang.
