RENAL DIET
RENAL DIET
suhain
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RENAL DIET FOR DIALYSIS PATIENTS, Lecture notes of Nutrition
renal diet prescribed for dialysis patients especially for who is on hemodialysis
Typology: Lecture notes
2021/2022
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RENAL DIETRENAL DIET
suhain
Introduction
- (^) The purpose of renal diet is to keep the levels of electrolytes, minerals and fluid in the body balanced when a patient is having CKD or are on dialysis.
- (^) People on dialysis needs diet plan to limit the buildup of waste products in the body
Who is a dialysis patient?
- (^) The person who recieves dialysis
- (^) Hemodialysis
- (^) Peritoneal dialysis
- (^) They are having kidney disease ; problem with waste and fluid removal
- (^) Also they will be on certain medication and other diseases like diabetes,hypertension
What are the waste buildup?
- (^) It is a buildup of chemical,minerals,toxins,elements mainly acuired through diet
- (^) It can be :
- (^) Urea
- (^) Creatinine
- (^) Sodium
- (^) Potassium
- (^) Phospherous
- (^) fluid
What are the main dietery restrictions
- (^) Protein
- (^) Sodium
- (^) Potassium
- (^) Calories
- (^) Water
- (^) phospherous
ProteinProtein
What protein Do?
- (^) Protein helps to increase albumin
- (^) Albumin helps the body heal and fight diseases
- (^) Low albumin means more morbidity Protien BUN and creatinine
What dialysis do in protein?
- (^) Adequate dialysis can decrease the BUN and creatinine
- (^) High BUN means poor dialysis or patient is eating too much waste/proteins
- (^) Low BUN means they are getting adequate dialysis or the patient is having poor muscle mass
- (^) High creatinine means inadequate dialysis
- (^) Low creatinine means good dialysis
High Protein contents :
CaloriesCalories
Low calories
- (^) If patients are uremic they lose their appetite (they don’t feel like eating)
- (^) New patients tend to have more of these issues
- (^) So patients start to lose their weight
- (^) Maybe it confused with fluid removal
Management of malnutrition :
- (^) Ask the patient whether they are eating?
- (^) Understand patient fluid intake levels
- (^) Malnutrition can lead to serious conditions like death
- (^) Can be treated by
- (^) Protien drinks (made for dialysis patients : nephro)
- (^) Feeding tube to stomech if IP patients
- (^) Intradialytic parentral nutritions :dextrose amino acid
- (^) Total parenteral nutritions :
Why water restrictions?
- (^) It is a main function of kidneys
- (^) Dialysis patient do urinate less amount or they don’t have urine
- (^) So fluid buildup in the body
- (^) Fluid should be removed during dialysis
- (^) Fluid is limited to 1 liter per day or less
- (^) Fluid doesn’t means only water
- (^) Liquid foods are considered as fluids
- (^) Eg.water,tea,juices,ice cream
- (^) Liquid foods are considered as fluids
Management of fluid overload?
- (^) Dry weight should be established for dialysis patients
- (^) Pre weight should be checked accurately
- (^) Too much fluid can be cause
- (^) (hypertension, breathing difficulty,edema)
- (^) Also myocardial stunning (hearts cannotbeat )
- (^) Left ventricular hypertrophy(enlargment of left ventricle of heart)cause death