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Project Management Chapters 1- 8 The advent of project management has been most profound in: A) Automobile manufacturing B) Construction C) Information technology D) The U.S. Department of Defense E) Film making โโC) Information technology Which of the following is not considered to be a characteristic of a project? A) An established objective B) A clear beginning and end C) Complex tasks D) Only for internal use E) Never been done before โโD) Only for internal use From among the following activities, which is the best example of a project? A) Processing insurance claims B) Producing automobiles C) Writing a term paper D) Completing a college degree E) All of these are good examples of projects โโC) Writing a term paper Which of the following choices is not one of the stages of a project life cycle? A) Conceptualizing B) Defining C) Planning D) Executing E) Delivering โโA) Conceptualizing
In which of the following stages are project objectives established, teams formed, and major responsibilities assigned? A) Conceptualizing B) Defining C) Planning D) Executing E) Delivering โโB) Defining In which of the following stages are you more likely to find status reports, many changes, and the creation of forecasts? A) Conceptualizing B) Defining C) Planning D) Executing E) Delivering โโD) Executing Which of the following choices is not one of the driving forces behind the increasing demand for project management? A) Compression of the product life cycle B) Knowledge explosion C) Development of third world and closed economies D) More emphasis on the product and less on the customer E) Corporate downsizing โโD) More emphasis on the product and less on the customer Project management is ideally suited for a business environment requiring all of the following except A) Accountability B) Flexibility C) Innovation D) Speed E) Repeatability โโE) Repeatability
Corporate downsizing has increased the trend toward A) Reducing the number of projects a company initiates B) Outsourcing significant segments of project work C) Using dedicated project teams D) Shorter project lead times E) Longer project lead times โโB) Outsourcing significant segments of project work A series of coordinated, related, multiple projects that continue over extended time intended to achieve a goal is known as a A) Strategy B) Program C) Campaign D) Crusade E) Venture โโB) Program From 1994 to 2009 the trend for projects late or over budget was: A) Significantly better B) Slightly better C) About the same D) Slightly worse E) Significantly worse โโB) Slightly better Which of the following is not one of the commonly heard comments of project managers? A) Where did this project come from? B) Why are we doing this project? C) How can all these projects be first priority? D) Why is this project so strongly linked to the strategic plan? E) Where are we going to get the resources to do this project? โโD) Why is this project so strongly linked to the strategic plan? Strategy considered to be under purview of senior management is
A) Old school thinking B) A new school of management thought C) Necessary in a company structure D) Beneficial to the Project Manager E) Dependent on company goals โโA) Old school thinking The intended outcome of strategy/projects integration is A) Clear organization focus B) Best use of scarce organization resources C) Improved communication across projects and departments D) Both A and C are correct E) A, B, and C are all correct โโE) A, B, and C are all correct Project managers who do not understand the role that their project plays in accomplishing the organization's strategy tend to make all the following mistakes except: A) Focusing on low priority problems B) Overemphasizing technology as an end in and of itself C) Focusing on the immediate customer D) Trying to solve every customer issue E) All the above are likely mistakes โโE) All the above are likely mistakes The textbook indicated that ________ is the major dimension of strategic management. A) Responding to changes in the external market B) Allocating scarce resources of the organization C) Beating competition to the market D) Both a and b are correct E) Both a and c are correct โโD) Both a and b are correct Which of the following questions does the organization's mission statement answer?
A) Poor scheduling B) Excess work burden C) Flexible tasking D) Multitasking E) Burnout โโD) Multitasking Project selection criteria are typically classified as: A) Financial and non-financial B) Short-term and long-term C) Strategic and tactical D) Required and optional E) Cost and schedule โโA) Financial and non-financial Which of the following is not one of the classifications for assessing a project portfolio? A) Sacred cow B) Bread-and-butter C) Pearls D) Oysters E) White elephants โโA) Sacred cow Which of the following is the reason(s) why project managers need to understand their organization's mission and strategy? A) To make appropriate decisions and adjustments B) To be effective project advocates C) To be able to get their job done D) Both A and B are correct E) A, B, and C are all correct โโD) Both A and B are correct Which of the following is not true of multi-weighted scoring models? A) Will include quantitative criteria B) Will include qualitative criteria C) Each criterion is assigned a weight
D) Projects with higher scores are considered more desirable E) All of the above are true โโE) All of the above are true Which of the following is a common multicriteria selection model? A) Checklist B) Net Present Value C) Weighted criteria model D) Both A and C are correct E) All of these are common multicriteria selection models โโD) Both A and C are correct Organizational culture is best explained as organizational A) Personality B) Hierarchy C) Reporting relationships D) Background E) Management style โโA) Personality A good project management system provides for defining the interface between the project team and the organization in all the following areas except A) Authority B) Allocation of resources C) Development of project team members D) Integration of the project into the organization E) All of these are provided โโC) Development of project team members Which of the following is an advantage of a functional project management organization? A) Maximum flexibility in the use of staff B) Good integration across functional units C) Shorter project duration
C) Parity principle D) Empowerment E) All of these management principles โโB) Unity of command The project structure that is ranked as least effective is _______ organization. A) Functional B) Balanced matrix C) Weak matrix D) Strong matrix E) Project โโA) Functional From the list below, which is not a primary characteristic of organization culture? A) Control B) Team emphasis C) History D) Conflict tolerance E) Risk tolerance โโC) History Who is responsible for determining how tasks will be done in a matrix project management structure? A) The functional manager B) The project manager C) Both are responsible D) This is no pattern of who takes responsibility E) None of these are true โโA) The functional manager The Macintosh development team at Apple is a good example of what kind of project structure? A) Project B) Balanced Matrix C) Project Matrix
D) Functional Matrix E) Functional โโA) Project The Organizational Culture Diagnosis Worksheet classifies cultural characteristics into all of the following except: A) Physical characteristics B) Public documents C) Behavior D) Folklore E) Ethics โโE) Ethics Which of the following is not one of the typical forms of a project management office? A) Command center B) Control tower C) Resource pool D) Weather station E) All of these are typical forms of a project management office โโA) Command center Which of the following cultural characteristics relates to the degree to which management focuses on outcomes rather than on techniques and processes used to achieve those results? A) Risk tolerance B) Reward criteria C) Conflict tolerance D) Means versus end orientation E) Open-systems focus โโD) Means versus end orientation Elizabeth is considering how to structure a project team that will not directly disrupt ongoing operations. The project needs to be done quickly and a high level of motivation will be needed in order to do that. For this situation, the ______ organization would be the best choice.
B) A product C) An end object D) An objective E) A target โโA) A deliverable The ability of 911 emergency systems to identify the caller's phone number and location are considered to be a A) Technical requirement B) Milestone C) Project limit D) Project exclusion E) Project deliverable โโA) Technical requirement "To construct a high-quality, custom home within five months at costs not to exceed $150,000" is best classified as A) A deliverable B) A milestone C) An objective D) A limit E) An exclusion โโC) An objective Which of the following is not one of the basic classifications of project priorities? A) Profit B) Cost C) Time D) Performance E) All of these are basic classifications โโA) Profit If a project criterion indicates that the project must meet a specific date, that criterion is classified as A) Constrained B) Enhanced
C) Accepted D) Limited E) Fixed โโA) Constrained The tool used to assist in making project trade-offs between schedule, budget, and performance objectives is called a A) Responsibility matrix B) Work breakdown structure C) Project priority matrix D) Work package E) Criterion matrix โโC) Project priority matrix The highest element in the hierarchical breakdown of the WBS is A) A work package B) Sub deliverables C) A cost account D) Major deliverables E) The project โโE) The project All of the following are usually included in a work package except A) What will be done? B) The time needed to complete the work C) A single person who is responsible for its completion D) All the costs for the work package E) All of these are included in a work package โโE) All of these are included in a work package The final step in the creation of a Work Breakdown Structure is to A) Code the WBS for tracking B) Assign the cost account to a manager C) Assign the work package to a manager D) Develop the responsibility matrix
Janet is forecasting how much money her department needs to support a new project. She estimates that two people and $25,000 in expenses will cover her needs. Because management typically insists on reducing forecasts by 20 percent, she increases her estimates to allow for that reduction. Which of the following factors is illustrated in this situation? A) Padding estimates B) Planning horizon C) Project structure D) People E) Organization culture โโA) Padding estimates Top-down estimates are most likely to occur during the ______ phase. A) Concept B) Planning C) Execution D) Delivery E) All of these are equally likely โโA) Concept Sean is forecasting the time and cost of developing a customized software program by looking at the number of inputs, outputs, inquires, files, and interfaces. Which of the following methods is he using? A) Ratio B) Template C) Apportion D) Function point E) Learning curve โโD) Function point Learning curves are more likely to apply in situations where most of the costs are A) Materials B) Labor C) Overhead D) Evenly spread over materials, labor, and overhead
E) All of these are equally likely situations for learning curves โโB) Labor The approach that begins with a top-down estimate for the project and then refines estimates as the project is implemented is known as ______ method. A) Function point B) Template C) Learning curve D) Phase estimating E) Apportion โโD) Phase estimating The accuracy of top-down estimates will typically be in the range of A) Minus 50% to plus 50% B) Minus 0% to plus 75% C) Minus 20% to plus 60% D) Minus 35% to plus 35% E) Minus 10% to plus 30% โโC) Minus 20% to plus 60% The cost to prepare bottom-up estimates will typically run how much more than the costs to prepare the top-down estimates? A) About the same B) About twice as much C) About three times as much D) About four times as much E) About five times as much โโC) About three times as much Project costs are typically viewed from all of the following except: A) Scheduled B) Sunk C) Actual D) Committed E) All of these are correct โโB) Sunk
E) Consensus โโA) Apportion People working on prototype development needing time to interact with the design engineers after the design is completed is an example of: A) Hidden interaction costs B) Things going wrong on a project C) Normal conditions not applying D) Changes in project scope E) None of these are correct โโA) Hidden interaction costs Design flaws being revealed after the fact, extreme weather conditions, and accidents occurring are examples of: A) Hidden interaction costs B) Things going wrong on a project C) Normal conditions not applying D) Changes in project scope E) None of these are correct โโB) Things going wrong on a project Which of the following represents an activity on an AON project network? A) An arrow B) A line C) A node D) Both A and B are correct E) A, B, and C are all correct โโC) A node Arrows on an AON project network represent: A) An activity B) Project flow C) Dependency D) Both B and C are correct E) Both A and B are correct โโD) Both B and C are correct
Which of the following is provided by a project network but not by the work breakdown structure? A) Dependencies B) Sequencing C) Interrelationships D) Both A and B are correct E) A, B, and C are all correct โโE) A, B, and C are all correct Part of a project is to Develop Product Specifications. This is best classified as a(n) A) Event B) Path C) Activity D) Node E) Milestone โโC) Activity The critical path in a project network is the A) Shortest path through the network B) Longest path through the network C) Network path with the most difficult activities D) Network path using the most resources E) Network path with the most merge activities โโB) Longest path through the network An item on a project network is Design Software Completed. This is best described as a(n) A) Event B) Path C) Activity D) Node E) Milestone โโA) Event A sequence of connected, dependent activities is termed a(n)
