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Pharmacotherapeutics Exam 1
Objectives questions with verified
answers graded A+
Nurse Practice Act - correct answer โโ one-time or single orders - correct answer โโmedication that is only prescribed once and there are no refills PRN orders - correct answer โโas needed with the nurse's judgment TPAPN (Texas Peer Assistance Program for Nurses) - correct answer โโ stat orders - correct answer โโ Standing order - correct answer โโ USP (United States Pharmacopeia) - correct answer โโ Schedule I-V drugs - correct answer โโregulated by DEA due to addictive nature Schedule I - correct answer โโno accepted medical use and high potential for abuse and dependence ex. heroine, LSD
Schedule II - correct answer โโdrugs with a high potential for abuse, with use potentially leading to severe psychological or physical dependence; combination products with less than 15 mg of hydrocodone per dosage unit ex. oxycodone, fentanyl Schedule III - correct answer โโdrugs with a moderate to low potential for physical and psychological dependence; products containing less than 90 milligrams of codeine per dosage unit ex. ketamine, anabolic steroids Schedule IV - correct answer โโdrugs with a low potential for abuse and low risk of dependence ex. xanax, valium Schedule V - correct answer โโdrugs with lower potential for abuse than Schedule IV; cough preparations with less than 200 milligrams of codeine or per 100 milliliters ex. lomotil, lyrica Patient's Rights to Drug Administration - correct answer โโ-right time -right route -right amount -right medication -right patient -right evaluation -right documentation -right education -right assessment -right to refuse
-right education -right assessment -right to refuse List at least 5 authoritative sources to be used for "looking up a drug" before giving. - correct answer โโ- United States Pharmacopeia (USP DI)
- Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR)
- Computerized databases
- Nurse's Drug Handbook
- Manufactured Drug Cards
- Pharmacists
- Package Inserts
- Textbook web links List the 7-8 components of a valid medication order. - correct answer โโ- Client's name
- Date order written
- Medication Name
- Dosage
- Route
- Frequency
- Prescriber signature
- Additionally, PRN orders require an indication List the three times a drug order must be checked before administering. - correct answer โโ- comparing MAR to orders
- comparing meds from pyxis to MAR
- scanning meds into patient chart, check against orders Understand military time and state the advantage for using. - correct answer โโ0000-2359; limits confusion on am vs pm time system nursing process - correct answer โโsystematic method for identifying actual or potential health care problems or impediments to the activities of daily living; Assess, Diagnose, Plan, Implement, Evaluate planning - correct answer โโdefining goals, setting priorities, identifying specific interventions, and establishing criteria for evaluating success; establishing priorities holistic nursing - correct answer โโ NANDA - correct answer โโNorth American Nursing Diagnosis Evaluation - correct answer โโevaluate:
- adverse reactions and interactions
- patient adherence
- patient satisfaction with treatment goal setting - correct answer โโgoals must be oriented to: the client, resources in environment, and the future
distribution - correct answer โโdrug movement from the blood to the interstitial space of tissues and from there into cells; three major factors: blood flow to tissues, the ability of a drug to exit the vascular system, and the ability of a drug to enter cells excretion - correct answer โโremoval of drugs from the body via urine, bile, sweat, saliva, breast milk, and expired air; the kidneys account for the majority of drug excretion biologic half-life - correct answer โโ iatrogenic - correct answer โโ trough level - correct answer โโ peak level - correct answer โโ receptor - correct answer โโ maintenance dose - correct answer โโ synergistic - correct answer โโ side effect - correct answer โโ therapeutic index - correct answer โโ
idiosyncratic reaction - correct answer โโ toxicity - correct answer โโ teratogenic effect - correct answer โโ dependence (physical, psychological) - correct answer โโ loading or priming dose - correct answer โโ adverse effect - correct answer โโ protein-bound drugs - correct answer โโ biotransformation - correct answer โโ first pass effect - correct answer โโ antagonists - correct answer โโ bioavailability - correct answer โโ drug interaction - correct answer โโ drug addiction - correct answer โโ
List reasons for noncompliance to drug regimen in the older adult. - correct answer โโ State the nurse's responsibility for the content of this topic, noncompliance. - correct answer โโ List factors that contribute to chemical impairment in nurses - correct answer โโ Individual Variation in Drug Response - correct answer โโ After studying this topic the student should be able to: - correct answer โโ Define the following terms as relevant to the topic. - correct answer โโ Pharmacogenomics - correct answer โโ Ethnocultural - correct answer โโ Transcultural considerations - correct answer โโ Cytochrome P-450 System - correct answer โโ Describe each step of the nursing process in relation to transcultural considerations. - correct answer โโ State the interventions (to include teaching) listed in the text for transcultural considerations. - correct answer โโ
How does racial origin affect metabolism of pharmacologic agents? - correct answer โโ List several reasons why most Asian/Pacific Islanders respond differently to pharmacologic agents than European-Americans and African-American. - correct answer โโ State why this topic has relevance to administration of medications. - correct answer โโ Alternative/Complementary Therapies and Issues - correct answer โโ Define the following terms as relevant to the topic. - correct answer โโ alternative therapies - correct answer โโ complementary therapies - correct answer โโ herb - correct answer โโ Discuss at least four important points associated with consumer and health care provider education. - correct answer โโ Identify at least four common herbs and their associated toxicity. - correct answer โโ Identify at least 8 of the most common herbal therapies and at least one situation in which they seem to be helpful. - correct answer โโ
cancer pain - correct answer โโ opioid analgesics - correct answer โโ NSAIDs - correct answer โโ adjuvant analgesia - correct answer โโ analgesics - correct answer โโ tolerance - correct answer โโ cross-tolerance - correct answer โโ narcotic antagonist - correct answer โโ breakthrough pain - correct answer โโ patient controlled analgesia - correct answer โโ salicylism - correct answer โโ Differentiate the types of pain listed above. - correct answer โโ
Describe at least 3 pain assessment tools and state the importance of implementing. - correct answer โโ Discuss the World Health Organization's three-step analgesic ladder and determine its relevance to the administration of the drugs assigned to this topic. - correct answer โโ Describe the key points for patient and family education in pain management. - correct answer โโ Describe nursing interventions that maximize therapeutic effects and minimize adverse effects in pain management. - correct answer โโ Discuss briefly the nurse's role in pain management of the addicted patient. - correct answer โโ State the TJC position on pain management. - correct answer โโ Apply the nursing process to a client receiving each of the below mentioned drugs. Be sure to include the role of patient advocate. - correct answer โโ ANS Drugs - correct answer โโ Define the following terms as relevant to the topic: - correct answer โโ sympathetic/adrenergic nervous system - correct answer โโ norepinephrine - correct answer โโ
Describe the side effects/adverse reactions of cholinergic, cholinergic blocking, and synthetic antispasmodic agents. - correct answer โโ Discuss the nursing management for the care of clients receiving agents affecting the parasympathetic nervous system and for those receiving adrenergic, and adrenergic-blocking drugs - correct answer โโ List common adrenergic drugs and blocking agents, their effects, and side effects/adverse reactions. - correct answer โโ
