PHARM EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

1. What class of medication is amitriptyline and why is this medication used as an

adjuvant medication for pain?

Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant. It is indicated for chronic pain syndromes such as

fibromyalgia, neuropathic and chronic pain, headache, and lower back pain.

2. A nurse is preparing to administer ipratropium by metered dose inhaler. What adverse effects

should the nurse instruct the client to monitor for?

Common adverse effects of ipratropium include:

1. Upper respiratory infections

2. UTI’s, frequent urge to urinate

3. bloody or cloudy urine

4. bladder pain

5. exacerbation of COPD

6. wheezing

7. SOB

8. Cough producing mucus

9. Tightness in chest

3. A nurse is caring for a client with asthma who asks if montelukast sodium can be taken for

acute asthma symptoms. When should montelukast sodium be taken?

Take once every night even if no symptoms occur to help prevent and manage asthma symptoms

4. A nurse is caring for a client prescribed the inhaled glucocorticoid beclomethasone (QVAR) for the

treatment of asthma. What is a potential adverse effect of this medication and what are two (2)

teaching points to discuss to address these adverse effects?

Adverse effects:

1. Difficulty speaking

2. Hoarseness

3. Candidiasis

Teaching points:

1. Rinse mouth, gargle with water or salt water after use to prevent candidiasis

2. Notify provider if redness, sores, or white patches appear in mucous membrane

5. A nurse is instructing a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin transdermal

patch about administration. What instructions should the nurse include?

The nitro patch works by relaxing blood vessels. This patch is for external use only. Apply the patch at

the same time every day. Apply to a hairless area of the chest, inner side of the upper arm, back, or

shoulder. Clean and dry skin completely before applying the patch. Do not apply the patch to irritated

or damaged skin. When removing the patch, fold it with sticky sides together to prevent administration

of medicine to someone that may handle the patch. The patch should only be worn for 12-14 hours per

day so that you will have a 10-12 hour nitrate free period each day. If you miss a dose, use the next

dose as soon as possible.

6. A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has a prescription for methotrexate. What

should the nurse include in the client education?

Educate to client to monitor for the presence of coffee-ground emesis or tarry black stools as this

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What class of medication is amitriptyline and why is this medication used as an adjuvant medication for pain? Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant. It is indicated for chronic pain syndromes such as fibromyalgia, neuropathic and chronic pain, headache, and lower back pain.
A nurse is preparing to administer ipratropium by metered dose inhaler. What adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to monitor for? Common adverse effects of ipratropium include:
Upper respiratory infections
UTI’s, frequent urge to urinate
bloody or cloudy urine
bladder pain
exacerbation of COPD
wheezing
SOB
Cough producing mucus
Tightness in chest
A nurse is caring for a client with asthma who asks if montelukast sodium can be taken for acute asthma symptoms. When should montelukast sodium be taken? Take once every night even if no symptoms occur to help prevent and manage asthma symptoms
A nurse is caring for a client prescribed the inhaled glucocorticoid beclomethasone (QVAR) for the treatment of asthma. What is a potential adverse effect of this medication and what are two (2) teaching points to discuss to address these adverse effects? Adverse effects:
Difficulty speaking
Hoarseness
Candidiasis Teaching points:
Rinse mouth, gargle with water or salt water after use to prevent candidiasis
Notify provider if redness, sores, or white patches appear in mucous membrane
A nurse is instructing a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin transdermal patch about administration. What instructions should the nurse include? The nitro patch works by relaxing blood vessels. This patch is for external use only. Apply the patch at the same time every day. Apply to a hairless area of the chest, inner side of the upper arm, back, or shoulder. Clean and dry skin completely before applying the patch. Do not apply the patch to irritated or damaged skin. When removing the patch, fold it with sticky sides together to prevent administration of medicine to someone that may handle the patch. The patch should only be worn for 12-14 hours per day so that you will have a 10-12 hour nitrate free period each day. If you miss a dose, use the next dose as soon as possible.
A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has a prescription for methotrexate. What should the nurse include in the client education? Educate to client to monitor for the presence of coffee-ground emesis or tarry black stools as this

could be indicative of a GI bleed. Teach the client to assess for mouth sores. Instruct the client to perform frequent oral hygiene using soft toothbrushes and avoid alcohol mouthwashs. Advise female clients against becoming pregnant while taking this med and 6 months after. Encourage adequate fluid intake of 2-3 liters a day. Instruct client to adhere to lab draws such as prescribed: monitor kidney function, BUN, creat, and I and O’s.

A nurse is preparing to administer a topoisonmerase inhibitor to a client with ovarian cancer. What are adverse effects the nurse should monitor when administering this medication? The nurse should monitor for severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, allergic reactions such as tingling or swelling in the mouth or throat, sores or ulcers around the mouth, fast heartbeat, itching, hives, swelling in the face or hands, chest tightness and wheezing.
A nurse is preparing to educate a client with diabetes who has a new prescription for metformin. What should the nurse include in the client instructions? Metformin is a medicine that helps control your blood sugar levels with type 2 diabetes. Do not use metformin if you have severe kidney disease. Temporarily stop taking Metformin if you have to have an Xray or CT scan where they inject dye into your veins. This med may cause serious condition called lactic acidosis. Get emergency help if you have even mild symptoms such as muscle pain or weakness, numb or cold feeling in your arms or legs, trouble breathing, stomach pain, nausea or vomiting, slow or uneven heartrate or if you start feeling weak and tired. Tell your doctor if you are or plan to become pregnant.
A nurse has provided education to a client who has a new prescription for exenatide. What statements by the client would indicate they understand the instructions? “I will contact my doctor if I have trouble swallowing, a lump or swelling in my neck, hoarseness, or SOB, stomach or back pain, nausea and vomiting.” “Exenatide lowers my blood sugar by increasing the release of insulin from my pancreas.” “I will not use exenatide if the product looks discolored, or if the vial is cracked or damaged.” “I will inject exenatide deep under the skin in the stomach area, upper leg or upper arm as directed by my doctor. I will not inject into my vein or muscle, and I will use it once a week.”
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for alosetron. What are the expected therapeutic effects of this medication? Alosetron is used to treat irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea. The desired therapeutic effects of this medication include increased firmness in stool and a decrease in urgency and frequency.
A nurse is placing an IV line on an older adult client. List three (3) considerations the nurse should take when placing an IV line in this client?
1. Use a smaller gauge needle such as a 22.
2. Use minimal tape to avoid irritating or traumatizing the skin.
3. Use an arm board for restless or confused patients.
A home health nurse is evaluating the client's knowledge of the medication terazosin. Which statement by the client alerts the nurse the client needs further education on this medication? "I will take my medication at bedtime". – can cause lightheadness so this is ok to take at night

PHARM EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS, Exams of Pharmacology

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PHARM EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS