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Anatomy and Function of the Peripheral and Cranial Nerves, Quizzes of Physiology

Definitions and terms related to the peripheral and cranial nerves, including their functions, types, and differences. It covers the role of afferent and efferent nerves, exteroceptors, interoceptors, proprioceptors, and the five classifications of receptors. The document also discusses the twelve cranial nerves, their functions, and the structures they innervate. Additionally, it touches on spinal nerves and their connection to the spinal cord.

Typology: Quizzes

2017/2018

Uploaded on 04/15/2018

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TERM 1
The peripheral nervous system uses two
types of neurons; the two types are ___ inputs
and ___ outputs.
DEFINITION 1
Sensory and Motor
TERM 2
The nerves of the peripheral nervous system
are sensory and motor in nature. What two
types of nerves make up the peripheral
nervous system?
DEFINITION 2
Sensory (Afferent) and Motor (Efferent)
TERM 3
What is the difference between afferent
nerves and efferent nerves?
DEFINITION 3
The afferent nerves of the PNS travel towards the CNS. The
efferent nerves of the PNS travel away from the CNS,
towards an effector organ.
TERM 4
What structure do both, sensory and motor
nerves connect at?
DEFINITION 4
CNS
TERM 5
What are exteroceptors sensitive to?
DEFINITION 5
Sensitive to Stimuli Arising from Outside the Body
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The peripheral nervous system uses two

types of neurons; the two types are ___ inputs

and ___ outputs.

Sensory and Motor

TERM 2

The nerves of the peripheral nervous system

are sensory and motor in nature. What two

types of nerves make up the peripheral

nervous system?

DEFINITION 2

Sensory (Afferent) and Motor (Efferent)

TERM 3

What is the difference between afferent

nerves and efferent nerves?

DEFINITION 3

The afferent nerves of the PNS travel towards the CNS. The

efferent nerves of the PNS travel away from the CNS,

towards an effector organ.

TERM 4

What structure do both, sensory and motor

nerves connect at?

DEFINITION 4

CNS

TERM 5

What are exteroceptors sensitive to?

DEFINITION 5

Sensitive to Stimuli Arising from Outside the Body

What are interreceptors sensitive

to?

Sensitive to Stimuli from Internal Viscera

TERM 7

What are proprioceptors sensitive to?

DEFINITION 7

Sensitive to Stimuli from Body Movements and Stretch

TERM 8

What are the five classifications of receptors,

based on what type of stimuli the receptor

receives? What does each classification of

receptor respond to?

DEFINITION 8

Mechanoreceptors: responds to mechanical forces

Thermoreceptors: responds to temperature changes

Chemoreceptors: responds to chemicals in a solution

Photoreceptors: responds to light (eye)

Nociceptors: responds to harmful stimuli that results in

pain

TERM 9

What are the four encapsulated nerve

endings called? What is the function of the

four encapsulated nerve endings?

DEFINITION 9

Meissner's Corpuscles: rapidly adapting receptors for

discriminative touch

Pacinian Corpuscles: rapidly adapting receptors sensitive to

deep pressure

Ruffini Endings: slowly adapting receptors monitoring

continuous pressure on the skin

Proprioceptors: three types of proprioceptors monitoring

stretch in locomotor organs

-Muscle Spindles: measures the changing length of a muscle-Golgi

Tendon Organs: monitoring tension within tendons-Joint

Kinesthetic Receptors: sensory nerve endings within joint capsules

TERM 10

Which two cranial nerves attach to the

forebrain? Where do the remaining cranial

nerves attach?

DEFINITION 10

The two cranial nerves that attach to the forebrain are 1 and

2, all other cranial nerves attach to the brain stem (12 cranial

nerves).

What is the function of the trigeminal nerve

(cranial nerve)?

Provides Sensory Information to the Face and Motor

Innervation to Chewing Muscles

TERM 17

What is the function of the abducens nerve

(cranial nerve)?

DEFINITION 17

Innervates the Lateral Rectus Muscle (Extrinsic Eye Muscle-

Abducts the Eye)

TERM 18

What is the function of the vagus nerve

(cranial nerve)?

DEFINITION 18

A Mixed Sensory and Motor Nerve (Parasympathetic

Innervation of Organs)

TERM 19

What is the function of the accessory nerve

(cranial nerve)?

DEFINITION 19

Innervates the Trapezius Muscle (Accessory Part of the Vagus

Nerve)

TERM 20

How many spinal nerves are located within

the human body?

DEFINITION 20

31 Pairs

All spinal nerves connect to the ___ ___, via

the ___ root and the ___ root.

Spinal Cord via the Dorsal Root and Ventral Root

TERM 22

Which root is sensory in nature and which

root is motor in nature?

DEFINITION 22

Dorsal-SensoryVentral-Motor

TERM 23

What structure of the brain is controlled by

spinal nerves?

DEFINITION 23

Spinal Cord

TERM 24

The ventral rami is a network of nerves

referred to as a plexus. The ventral rami

primarily serves the ___.

DEFINITION 24

Limbs

TERM 25

Which plexus controls the

sternocleidomastoid?

DEFINITION 25

Cervical Plexus

Characterize Shingles

A viral infection stemming from childhood chicken pox, often

brought on by stress and mostly experienced by those over

the age of 50 (herpes zoster).

TERM 32

Characterize Migraine Headaches

DEFINITION 32

A relation of sensory innervation of cerebral arteries; the

arteries dilate, resulting in the compression and irritation of

sensory nerve endings.

TERM 33

Characterize Myasthenia Gravis

DEFINITION 33

A progressive weakening of the skeletal muscles; an

autoimmune disorder resulting in antibodies destroying

acetylcholine receptors.