Download pediatric differntial credit exam and more Exams Pediatrics in PDF only on Docsity!
Main aim of superficial palpation is to determine: Pain, muscle tension of the anterior abdominal wall Significant enlargement in of abdominal organs Presence of formations, hernias Rectus abdominal muscles separation All listed above
Bimanual palpation is used to examine Caecum, sigmoid intestine Ascending, descending colon Caecum, transverse colon Ascending, descending, transverse colon Caecum, Descending, Transverse Colon
In infants the lower edge of the liver is palpated: On the edge of the costal arch 1-2 cm below the costal arch 2-3 cm below the costal arch Not palpable 4-5 cm below the costal arch
How many points are determined during liver percussion by Kurlov: 3 6 7 5 10
During superficial palpation, the following symptoms are identified except of: Muscle tension of the anterior abdominal wall Increased gut motility Separation of the abdominal muscles Presence of hernias Hypotonus of the abdominal muscles
The symptom of fluctuation during examination of the digestive system is used to: Determine liver borders Determine localization of the transverse colon Determine the presence of free fluid in the abdominal cavity Determine of major curvature of the stomach Not applicable in pediatrics
The pain in the projection of Boas points is characteristic of: Gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer Bile duct lesions Small intestine lesions Pancreatitis Appendicitis
Painfull points and symptoms of the gall bladder include the following, except: Kehr’s point Ortner's sign Murphy’s sign Mayo-Robson point
Mussey sign
Which pain point corresponds to the lesion of the pancreatic head: Mussie's point Boas point Kehr's point Desjardin’s point Katsch’s point
The pain caused by tapping the edge of the palm across the right costal arch is called: Murphy's sign Shchotkin-Bloomberg sign Mussie's sign Rowsing's sign Ortner's sign
McBurney’s Point is checked in: The middle of the right costal arch The middle of the left costal arch 2/3 the distance from umbilicus to the right iliac bone 2/3 the distance from umbilicus to the midline of the left costal arch All answers are incorrect
The symptom of "peritoneal irritation" is named: Kehr’s sign Ortner's sign Murphy's sign Blumberg’s sign Mussie's sign
To determine the balance and coordination the following tests should be carried out: Finger-to-nose test Determination of stiffness of the neck Ophthalmoscopy Definition of accommodation and convergence Orthostatic test
The function of the cerebellum is determined by: Neck muscles stiffness Finger-to-nose test Orthostatic test Romberg’s test Definition of dermography
Meningeal sings include the following except of: Neck stiffness Brudzinski's sign Kerning's sign Babinski's sign Lesague’s sign
Which of the following signs is not pathological for young children? Kernig's sign Upper Brudzinski’s sign
EEG
Neurosonography Angiography CT All listed methods
The most informative method of the diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage is: Electroencephalography Neurosonography Reoencephalography Lumbar puncture Skull radiography
Determination of the possibility of active rotation of the head in both directions, bringing the shoulder blades to the midline, lowering the shoulders, is used to check: Neck muscle stiffness XI-th pair of cranial nerves Upper Brudzinski’s sign Cerebellar function Coordination of movements
Kernig's reflex is considered to be physiological at the age of: 4 months 6 months 1 month 12 months None of the above
To evaluate dermographism, irritation with a blunt object is performed at the level of: II-IV ribs The back of the palm The front surface of the lower leg The dorsal surface of the foot Inner forearm surface
The apex of the lungs protrudes above the clavicle in children after ______ years: 2s 3s 5th 8th 10th
By compressing the chest simultaneously by two hands in the lateral and anterior-posterior directions the following is determined: Vocal fremitus Chest elasticity Presence of pain Subcutaneous emphysema All listed above
The sensation that occurs when the vocal cords fluctuate in the case of the vocabulary of words with the letter "r" and is transmitted through the air of the airways to the chest is: Vocal fremitus Bronchophony
Bronchoscopy Bronchography Remote wheezing
During palpation of the chest, everything from the following is examined except of: Resistance Wheezing Tenderness Subcutaneous emphysema Vocal fremitus
Chest percussion can be: Topographic Superficial Bimanual Deep Indicative
The lower margin of the lungs on the right mid-clavicular line in children under 10 years is located at the level of: 6 ribs 7th rib 8th rib 9th rib 10th rib
What kind of breathing is heard over the lungs of a healthy young child? Puerile Amphoric Tracheal Bronchial Vesicular
The purpose of comparative percussion is: Definition of the boundaries of internal organs Determination of the size of internal organs Studying the shape of internal organs Asymmetry of the sounds that indicates pathological changes Determination of the organ
What method is used to determine the vocal fremitus? Percussion Auscultation Instrumental methods Laboratory tests Palpation
Which of the following methods is not radiological? Spirography Fuorography Bronchography Tomography Radiography
During the examination of the child, the doctor suggested that she\he should be placed with the knees on the chair, facing it’s back, with freely hanging feet. the doctor is performing the following technique to determine the following? The form of the feet Anomalies of development of lower extremities Pathological curves of the spine Shape of the spine Number of affected joints
What is the determination of the curvature of the spine in one direction or another in the frontal plane? Scoliosis Kyphosis Lordosis Osteoporosis Spondylitis
What pathology can be indicated by a limited hypertrichosis in the sacral area of the spine? Occult spina bifida Osteoporosis Klippel-Feil's syndrome Rickets Scoliosis
How does the absence of one limb or part of it is determined? Hemimelia Fokomelia Amelia Adactilia Achyria
How many physiological curves does a spine of a healthy child over 1 year old have? 4 3 2 5 6
Edema is characterized by: Fossa formation when pressed on anterior medial surface of the middle part of shin General skin tightening Smoothing the protruding joints Skin hyperesthesia Thinning of subcutaneous fat
During skin examination the following information can be obtained except of: Color Thickness Scars The presence of a rash Presence of hypertrichosis
In what areas of the body is the elasticity of the skin determined?
On the wrist, dorsal, internal forearm Chest, anterior thigh surface, outer shoulder surface Interscapular space, anterior shoulder surface, posterior thigh surface Tibia, buttocks Buttocks, interscapular space
During skin palpation the information is obtained about everything except of: Humidity Tonus Elasticity Thickness Color
Vascular macula is distinguished from a hemorrhagic one by: By puncture Scraping Pressing on a spot Biopsy There is no right answer
The resistance felt by a doctor during taking the skin and soft tissues on the inner surface of the thigh or shoulder in a fold is called: Turgor Elasticity Scleredema Sclerema There is no right answer
The primary elements of the skin rash include everything except of: Scale Papula Node Pustule Spot
Number of WBC in newborn baby is about: 4-9x10^9 /l 10-30x10^9 /l 40-50x10^9 /l 60-70x10^9 /l 80-90x10^9 /l
Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in baby at the first day of life is: 20-25 % / 70-75 % 30-35 % / 60-65 % 40-45 % / 40-45 % 60-65 % / 30-35 % 80-65 % / 10-15 %
At 5-6 month old child the hemoglobin level is about: 100-110 g/l 115-120 g/l 125-130 g/l 135-140 g/l
Thrombocytopenia Extremely quick bone growth typical for children Enlargement of bronchial lymph nodes
Normal specific gravity of the urine of 7-yr old female is:
1.
None of the above
Urinalysis of a 2-year-old girl didn’t show pathological findings. The most likely result of
test is: Specific gravity of 1.
Protein – 0,33 g/L
RBC 5 - 6/m.f.
WBC 6 – 8/ m.f.
Hyaline casts 4 – 5/ m.f.
Normally 24hr-diuresis should not be less than:
100 ml/1,73m²/24 hr 200 ml/1,73m²/24 hr
300 ml/1,73m²/24 hr
500 ml/1,73m²/24 hr
700 ml/1,73m²/24 hr
Cystoscopic examination is used to diagnose following conditions, except of:
Renal dysplasia
Urethra abnormality Disorders of ureteral orifices
Morphological changes of the bladder mucosa
Bladder tumor
Which method is used for the detection of ascites?
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation
All of the above None of the above
Renal edema typically occurs on:
The legs
In the joints
Upper trunk
The face None of the above
Painful ureteral points include:
Costal-vertebral
Costal-lumbal
Subcostal
Umbilical
All listed above
Costal-lumbal ureteral painful point is located:
Over the attachment of the 12-th rib to the vertebra
Over the cross of the 12-th rib and m. erector spinae Over the anterior tip of the 10-th rib
On the external border of the musculus rectus abdominis on the umbilicus level
Over the cross of the external border of m. rectus abdominis and of the bisector of the left\right
lower quadrant of the abdomen
Intravenous urography allows visualization of the:
Kidney size Kidney shape
Kidney structure
Renal function
All listed above
Voiding cystography is used to diagnose:
Altered size, shape, position of the kidneys and bladder
Thickening, irregular scarring of the bladder wall, active or passive refluxes The presence of only one kidney, renal stones
Hydronephrosis, polycystic disease
All listed above
A 12 years old girl manifests body temperature 37,3-37,7ºC during several weeks, excessive sweating, weigh loss, fast excited speech, tremor of fingers tongue, tachycardia. Levels of what hormones should be checked in this case? ACTH, cortisol TTH, T3, T Insulin, glucagon hSH FSH, LG
On examination a 7 mo old boy manifests with retardation in the psychomotor development, chronic constipation, overnutrition, short neck, coarse facial features, skin edema, big protruding tongue, body temperature – 36,1ºC, pulse rate – 100/min. What endocrine problem this child possibly has? Pituitary dwarfism Chronic adrenal cortex insufficiency Congenital hypothyroidism Congenital hyperthyroidism Adrenogenital syndrome
During the physical examination of 11 years old girl doctor found adipose tissue depositions on posterior neck and back, moon facies, cutaneus striae in the abdominal area, excessive growth of
At the apex of the heart In the interscapular region
Chest pain associated with a heart disease can be accompanied by: Palpitations Drowsiness Hysterical laughter Tenderness of intercostal muscles on palpation Nausea
Determinate the grade of the intensity of heart murmur – loud, audible in all positions, but not accompanied by thrill I II III IV V
A 12-year-old female is noted to have a blood pressure of 170/110 mm Hg during a routine grade physical examination for school sports participation. She is asymptomatic but has been noted to have a grade 1-2/6 short systolic murmur at the left sternal border. The next important step in her evaluation should include Chest radiograph ECG Fundoscopic examination Lower extremity blood pressure A tilt test
The main developmental achievement of toddlers is: Sexual maturation Stabilization of body temperature Adult-proportion body appearance Ability to walk and to speak Complete dependence on others
The respiratory rate for a normal full-term neonate is ____ per minute: 10 16 20 35
50
A newborn is evaluated 60 sec after delivery and exhibits: heart rate of 80, slow and irregular respiration, some flexion of the extremities, grimacing when a catheter is placed in nostril, pink body and blue extremities. The Apgar score is: 3
5 7 9 10
By 4 mo the head circumference is about: 35 cm
38 cm 41 cm 44 cm 47 cm
Which one of the following achievements would not be expected in a 3-mo old: Follow an object through an arc of 180 degrees Smile on social contact Attempt to make contact with an offered object Produce some sounds of pleasure, on social contact Show a preference for the person giving him the most care
By 6 mo the infant should be able to: Change the orientation of his body in order to extend hand toward a toy Assume a standing position without help Take some steps with hands held Perform all of the above Accomplish none of the above
Shows fear of strangers; appearance of family love; quick changes from crying to laughing – best describes the child from: 4 – 8 wk 5 – 6 mo 7 – 8 mo 12 – 14 mo 18 – 20 mo
All of the following are characteristics of the 5 yr-old, except for: Appetite is usually good, may be slow in eating Loves his home and family Fears of losing mother Good memory for past events Understands rules of “right” and “wrong”
Sits steady; plays pat-a-cake; holds own bottle, says “Mama”, “Dada” – best describes the child from: 7 – 8 mo 8 – 9 mo 10 – 11 mo 12 – 13 mo 14 – 15 mo
“Setting-sun” sign is seen in: Meningitis Epilepsy Hydrocephalus Cerebral palsy Arachnoiditis
Kerning’s sign is seen in: Toxicosis Central paralysis Epilepsy Convulsive disorders
