PCE15 – Fundamentals of Traffic Impact Assessment (TIA) & Trip Distribution Factors (TDF), Slides of Transportation Engineering

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PCE15-M

PRINCIPLES OF

TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

Fundamentals of Traffic Assessment and Travel Demand Forecasting

OUTLINE

I. Fundamentals of Traffic Impact Assessment

a. Introduction to Traffic Impact Assessment b. Definition of Traffic Assessment c. Process of Traffic Assessment

II. Introduction to Travel Demand Forecasting (Classic Four-Step Forecasting Model)

a.Trip Generation b. Trip Distribution c. Modal Split d. Route/Traffic Assignment

Purpose and Importance:

• Do not adversely affect existing traffic conditions and infrastructure
• Appropriate mitigation measures can be implemented to maintain or improve traffic flow, safety, and efficiency.

This proactive approach helps in minimizing congestion , reducing travel delays , and enhancing the overall quality of life for the community.

FUNDAMENTALS OF TRAFFIC IMPACT

ASSESSMENT

Process of Traffic Impact Assessment

_1. Define Study Area and Scope

2. Data Collection
3. Existing Conditions Analysis
4. Future Conditions Analysis
5. Impact Analysis
6. Mitigation Measures
7. Reporting_

FUNDAMENTALS OF TRAFFIC IMPACT

ASSESSMENT

3. Existing Conditions Analysis : Assess the current traffic conditions within the study area, including peak hour traffic volumes, levels of service (LOS) at intersections, and road capacity. 4. Future Conditions Analysis : Predict future traffic conditions based on anticipated growth and planned developments in the area. Consider factors such as changes in land use, population growth, and economic development.

FUNDAMENTALS OF TRAFFIC IMPACT

ASSESSMENT

5. Impact Analysis : Evaluate the potential impacts of the proposed development on traffic conditions, including increases in traffic volume, changes in traffic patterns, and potential safety concerns. 6. Mitigation Measures : Identify and propose strategies to mitigate any negative impacts on the transportation network. This may include road improvements, traffic signal adjustments, the addition of turn lanes, or the construction of pedestrian facilities.

FUNDAMENTALS OF TRAFFIC IMPACT

ASSESSMENT

FUNDAMENTALS OF TRAFFIC IMPACT

ASSESSMENT

is a crucial component of traffic engineering. It involves predicting future travel patterns and demands based on various factors such as population growth , economic development , land use changes , and transportation infrastructure improvements. The goal is to estimate the number of trips that will be made, the modes of transportation that will be used, and the routes that will be taken, which helps in planning and designing efficient transportation systems.

INTRODUCTION TO TRAVEL DEMAND

FORECASTING ( 4-STEP FORECASTING MODEL)

4-STEP FORECASTING MODEL

1. Trip Generation
2. Trip Distribution
3. Mode Choice
4. Route Assignment

INTRODUCTION TO TRAVEL DEMAND

FORECASTING ( 4-STEP FORECASTING MODEL)

1. Trip Generation :

• This step estimates the number of trips originating and ending in different zones within the study area.
• It considers factors like population, employment, income levels, and land use.
• The output is the number of trips produced and attracted by each zone.

INTRODUCTION TO TRAVEL DEMAND

FORECASTING ( 4-STEP FORECASTING MODEL)

3. Mode Choice :

• This step predicts the mode of transportation (e.g., car, bus, train, walking) that travelers will use for their trips.
• Factors influencing mode choice include travel time, cost, convenience, and personal preferences.
• The output is the number of trips made by each mode of transportation for each origin-destination pair

INTRODUCTION TO TRAVEL DEMAND

FORECASTING ( 4-STEP FORECASTING MODEL)

4. Route Assignment :

• This final step determines the specific routes that trips will take on the transportation network.
• It considers the capacity and current usage of the network, as well as travel times and congestion levels.
• The result is a set of traffic flows on each link of the network, showing how trips are distributed across different routes.

INTRODUCTION TO TRAVEL DEMAND

FORECASTING ( 4-STEP FORECASTING MODEL)