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NURS 6051 Mid-Term Exam: Pediatric Nursing Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

University of BristolNursing

A set of multiple-choice questions and answers related to pediatric nursing, covering topics such as pyloric stenosis, intussusception, appendicitis, diarrhea, glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, wilms tumor, diabetes, fractures, muscular dystrophy, and scoliosis. It is a valuable resource for students preparing for a mid-term exam in nurs 6051.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 02/02/2025

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NURS 6051 MID-TERM EXAM NEW 2025 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
1. The nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of pyloric stenosis during the preoperative
phase of the child's treatment. What is the highest priority at this time?
Improving hydration
2. Which congenital condition leads to the infant being hungry, irritable, losing weight and
rapidly becoming dehydrated with the potential of metabolic alkalosis?
Pyloric stenosis
3. A 9-month-old girl is brought to the emergency room with what appears to be bouts of
intense abdominal pain 15 minutes apart in which she draws up her legs and cries, often
accompanied by vomiting. In between the bouts, the child recovers and appears to be
without symptoms. Blood is found in the stool. What condition should the nurse suspect in
this case? Intussusception
4. A child is diagnosed with intussusception. The nurse anticipates that what action would
be attempted first to reduce this condition?
Barium enema
5. A child is admitted with a temperature, 101.2°F (38.4°C); pulse rate 100 beats/min;
respirations 24 breaths/min. On admission the pain is localized in right lower quadrant. Legs
are drawn up against the abdomen. Bowel sounds are sluggish. Rebound tenderness is
present. White blood cell count of 17,000/mm3. Ultrasound confirms appendicitis. Which
instruction would the nurse give to the child and the parent?
Do not rub or put pressure on the abdomen.
6. The nurse has admitted a child to the pediatric unit with diarrhea and vomiting. Accurate
intake and output are important care measures for the child. The nurse correctly assesses that
output parameters should be:
0.5 to 1 mL/kg/hr.
7. The nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant who was admitted to the emergency room 24
hours ago with signs of severe diarrhea. The infant's rectal temperature is 104°F (40°C), with
weak and rapid pulse and respirations. The skin is pale and cool. The child is on IV rehydration
therapy, but the diarrhea is persisting. The infant has not voided since being admitted. Which is
the priority nursing intervention?
Take a stool culture
8. The nurse is caring for a child admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. Which
clinical manifestation would likely have been noted in the child with this diagnosis?
Tea-colored urine
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Download NURS 6051 Mid-Term Exam: Pediatric Nursing Questions and Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

NURS 6051 MID-TERM EXAM NEW 2025 QUESTIONS WITH

CORRECT AND VERIFIED ANSWERS

  1. The nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of pyloric stenosis during the preoperative phase of the child's treatment. What is the highest priority at this time? Improving hydration
  2. Which congenital condition leads to the infant being hungry, irritable, losing weight and rapidly becoming dehydrated with the potential of metabolic alkalosis? Pyloric stenosis
  3. A 9-month-old girl is brought to the emergency room with what appears to be bouts of intense abdominal pain 15 minutes apart in which she draws up her legs and cries, often accompanied by vomiting. In between the bouts, the child recovers and appears to be without symptoms. Blood is found in the stool. What condition should the nurse suspect in this case? Intussusception
  4. A child is diagnosed with intussusception. The nurse anticipates that what action would be attempted first to reduce this condition? Barium enema
  5. A child is admitted with a temperature, 101.2°F (38.4°C); pulse rate 100 beats/min; respirations 24 breaths/min. On admission the pain is localized in right lower quadrant. Legs are drawn up against the abdomen. Bowel sounds are sluggish. Rebound tenderness is present. White blood cell count of 17,000/mm3. Ultrasound confirms appendicitis. Which instruction would the nurse give to the child and the parent? Do not rub or put pressure on the abdomen.
  6. The nurse has admitted a child to the pediatric unit with diarrhea and vomiting. Accurate intake and output are important care measures for the child. The nurse correctly assesses that output parameters should be: 0.5 to 1 mL/kg/hr.
  7. The nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant who was admitted to the emergency room 24 hours ago with signs of severe diarrhea. The infant's rectal temperature is 104°F (40°C), with weak and rapid pulse and respirations. The skin is pale and cool. The child is on IV rehydration therapy, but the diarrhea is persisting. The infant has not voided since being admitted. Which is the priority nursing intervention? Take a stool culture
  8. The nurse is caring for a child admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. Which clinical manifestation would likely have been noted in the child with this diagnosis? Tea-colored urine
  1. In caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome, which interventions will be included in the child's plan of care? Weighing on the same scale each day

"The child may look chubby, but he is really malnourished.""

  1. A child is being evaluated for renal and urinary tract disease. What would the nurse expect to be ordered to evaluate the child's glomerular filtration rate? Creatinine clearance rate
  2. The nurse is assessing a male neonate and notes that the urethral opening is on the ventral aspect of the penis. Which finding is documented? Hypospadias
  3. The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis? When receiving the pediatric client's history, which is anticipated? Onset of a streptococcus infection last week
  4. The nurse is collecting data on a child recently diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the following clinical manifestations was likely noted in this child? Bloody urine
  5. When caring for a child who has a diagnosis of acute glomerulohephritis, which nursing interventions would most likely be included in the child's plan of care? Select all that apply. The nurse administers diuretics. The nurse administers antihypertensives. The nurse weighs the child every day using the same scale. The nurse dipsticks the child's urine to test for protein.
  6. The nurse is preparing a 7-year-old girl for discharge after treatment for nephrotic syndrome. Which instructions would the nurse include in the discharge teaching plan for the parents? "Let's meet with the dietitian and plan some meals."
  7. The nurse is collecting data on a school-aged child with the following symptoms: Abrupt beginning to urinary symptoms Gross hematuria VS -99 (F), 39.2 (C), 92, 22, 142/ Mild edema Which disease condition does the nurse anticipate? Acute glomerulonephritis
  8. The nurse is caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome. The child is noted to have edema. The edema would most likely be seen where on this child? Eyes
  9. The caregiver of a child being treated at home for acute glomerulonephritis calls the nurse reporting that her daughter has just had a convulsion. The child is resting comfortably but the caregiver would like to know what to do. The nurse would instruct the caregiver to take which action?

Take the child's blood pressure and report the findings to the nurse while the nurse is still on the phone.

  1. The nurse is caring for an 8-year-old child hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome. Which nursing intervention would be appropriate for this child? Measure the abdominal girth daily.
  2. A child presents to the primary care setting with enuresis, nocturia, increased hunger, weight loss, and increased thirst. What does the nurse suspect? Type 1 diabetes mellitus
  3. A child with diabetes reports that he is feeling a little shaky. Further assessment reveals that the child is coherent but with some slight tremors and sweating. A fingerstick blood glucose level is 70 mg/dL. What would the nurse do next? Give 10 to 15 grams of a simple carbohydrate.
  4. The nurse suspects that a 4-year-old with type 1 diabetes is experiencing hypoglycemia based on what findings? Select all that apply. Diaphoresis Slurred speech Tachycardia
  5. Which findings should the nurse expect to assess when completing the health history of a child admitted for possible type 2 diabetes? Select all that apply. Polyuria Polydipsia Polyphagia
  6. The nurse is working with a group of caregivers of school-aged children discussing fractures. The nurse explains that if the fragments of fractured bone are separated, the fracture is said to be: Complete
  7. The child diagnosed with muscular dystrophy uses a method of rising from the floor which is referred to as which of the following? Gowers sign
  8. The nurse is doing neurovascular checks on a child who has had a cast applied to treat a fracture. The nurse observes for diminished or absent sensation and numbness or tingling. In doing this the nurse is monitoring for which symptom? Paresthesia
  9. A 12-year-old female client has been diagnosed with scoliosis with a curvature of 30 degrees. What type of treatment would the nurse anticipate being started on this client? Bracing

b) Use of anticonvulsant medications c) Restricted fat diet d) Surgical intervention

  1. A 4-year-old boy has a febrile seizure during a well-child visit. What action would be a priority? a) Loosening the child's clothing to ensure a patent airway b) Protecting the child from harm during the seizure c) Hyperextending the child's head while placing him on his side d) Using a tongue blade to pry open the child's jaw
  2. A preschool-age child has just been admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. The nurse would include which recommendation in the nursing plan? a) Monitor temperature every 4 hours b) Decrease environmental stimulation c) Encourage the parents to hold the child d) Take vital signs every 4 hours
  3. Absence seizures are marked by what clinical manifestation? a) Loss of motor activity accompanied by a blank stare b) Loss of muscle tone and loss of consciousness c) Sudden, brief jerks of a muscle group d) Brief, sudden onset of increased tone of the extensor muscle
  4. The nurse is caring for a 12-month-old infant diagnosed with Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. Which of the following clinical manifestations would likely have been noted in this child? a) Shaking the head and pulling the ear b) High-pitched cry and nuchal rigidity c) Body stiffening and loss of consciousness d) Severe vomiting and confusion
  5. Haemophilus Influenzae Meningitis is usually spread by which of the following methods of transmission? a) Contact b) Droplet c) Intravenous d) Fecal
  6. The nurse inspects the eyes of a child and observes that the sclera is showing over the top of the iris. The nurse documents this finding as: a) Sunsetting b) Decorticate posturing

c) Doll's eye d) Nystagmus

  1. A 15-year-old adolescent is brought to the emergency department by his parents. The adolescent is febrile with chills that started suddenly. He states, "I had a sinus infection and sore throat a couple of days ago." The nurse suspects bacterial meningitis based on which findings? Select all that apply. a) Negative Brudzinski sign b) Photophobia c) Vomiting d) Complaints of stiff neck e) Absent headache
  2. In caring for the child with meningitis, the nurse recognizes that which nursing diagnosis would be the most important to include in this child's plan of care? a) Risk for injury related to seizure activity b) Ineffective airway clearance related to history of seizures c) Risk for acute pain related to surgical procedure d) Delayed growth and development related to physical restrictions
  3. A 6-month-old infant is admitted with suspected bacterial meningitis. She is crying, irritable, and lying in the opisthotonic position. Which intervention should the nurse take initially? a) Palpate the child's fontanels. b) Institute droplet precautions in addition to standard precautions. c) Encourage the mother to hold and comfort the infant. d) Educate the family about preventing bacterial meningitis
  4. A 16-year-old boy reports to the school nurse of headaches and a stiff neck. Which sign or symptom would alert the nurse that the child may have bacterial meningitis? a) Frequent urination b) Sunlight is "too bright" c) Fixed and dilated pupils d) Sunset eyes
  5. The nurse is caring for a child hospitalized with Reye syndrome who is in the acute stage of the illness. The nurse would assess the child most carefully for what finding? a) A presence of protein in the urine b) A decrease in the liver enzymes c) Indications of increased intracranial pressure d) An increase in the blood glucose level
  1. A nurse is counseling parents of a 7-year-old boy with leukemia regarding the goals of the chemotherapy program for their son. What should she mention as the first goal? Complete absence of leukemia cells
  2. A 12-year-old child is suspected of having Hodgkin disease. When preparing the child and family for diagnostic testing, which test would the nurse describe as being used to confirm the diagnosis? Lymph node biopsy
  3. A nurse is caring for a child who is postoperative following ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement. In which of the following positions should the nurse place the client?
    • Prone
    • Semi-Fowler’s
      • On the unoperated side
    • Trendelenburg
  4. A nurse is completing discharge teaching to a parent of a child with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the parent requires clarification of the teaching?
    • “The onset of low blood glucose usually occurs rapidly.”
    • “Sweating can occur with hypoglycemia.”
    • “My son may be very thirsty or have fruity breath when hypoglycemic.”
    • “My son may complain of feeling shaky when he has a low blood glucose level.
  5. A nurse is providing care for an infant following a surgical repair of a cleft lip. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to minimize the infant’s crying?
    • Offer the infant a pacifier
    • Position the infant on the abdomen
    • Place the infant in a playpen at the nurses’ station
    • Rock the infant with a favorite blanket
  6. A nurse is caring for a male infant who has a palpable mass in the upper right quadrant and stools mixed with blood and mucus. The nurse should recognize that which of the following diagnoses is associated with these findings?
    • Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
    • Intussusception
    • Inguinal hernia
    • Tracheoesophageal fistula
  7. A nurse is caring for a school age child with acute glomerulonephritis who has peripheral edema and is producing 35 mL of urine per hour. The child should be placed on which of the following diets?
    • Low-sodium, fluid restricted
    • Low-carbohydrate, low-protein diet
    • Low-protein, low-potassium diet
    • Regular diet, no added salt
  1. A nurse is planning care for a 10 month old infant who is 8 hr. postoperative following cleft palate repair. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the infant’s plan of care?
    • Apply and release elbow restraints periodically
    • Suction the mouth with an oral suction tube
    • Keep the infant supine
    • Feed the infant with a spoon for 48 hr.
  2. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of an adolescent who has chronic glomerulonephritis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
    • Serum phosphorous 4.0 mg/dL
    • Absence of proteinuria
    • Serum potassium 3.0 mEq/L
      • BUN 50 mg/dL
  3. The nurse is caring for a 6 month old with suspected meningitis. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse prepare to assess if meningitis is confirmed? (Select all that apply)
    • Photophobia
    • Fever
    • Edema
    • Irritability
    • Bulging anterior fontanel
  4. A nurse is planning care for a 6 year old child who has bacterial meningitis. Which of the following nursing interventions is unnecessary in the client’s plan of care?
    • Implement seizure precautions
    • Admit the client to a private room
    • Measure head circumference every shift
    • Place the client in a semi-Fowler’s position
  5. A nurse is completing a history and physical on a 3 year old child who is admitted for a surgical repair of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Which of the following manifestations of the condition should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply)
    • Decreased PO
    • Obesity
    • Cyanosis
    • Systolic Murmur
    • Energetic
  6. A nurse is reviewing data for four children. Which of the following children should the nurse assess first?
    • A 4 year old child who has asthma and a PCO2 of 37 mm Hg
    • A 7 year old child who has diabetes insipidus and a urine specific gravity of 1.
    • A 10 year old child who has sickle cell anemia who reports severe chest pain
    • A 1 year old toddler who has roseola and temperature of 38° C

Squatting increases the return of venous blood back to the heart

  1. The nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of Kawasaki disease. The child's parent asks the nurse, "How does Kawasaki disease affect my child's heart and blood vessels? " On what understanding is the nurse’s response based? Inflammation weakens blood vessels, leading to aneurysm.
  2. The nurse explained how to position an infant with tetralogy of Fallot if the infant suddenly becomes cyanotic. Which statement by the father leads the nurse to determine he understood the instructions? “if the baby turns blue, I will hold him against my shoulder with his knees bent up toward his chest."
  3. The parent of a 1-year-old child with tetralogy of Fallot asks the nurse, "Why do my child's fingertips look like that?" The nurse bases a response on the understanding that clubbing occurs as a result of: chronic hypoxia
  4. A nurse is teaching a group of parent about fractures. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "Children need a longer time to heal from a fracture than an adult." B. "Epiphyseal plate injuries can result in altered bone growth." C."A greenstick fracture is a complete break in the bone." D. "Bones are unable to bend, so they break."
  5. A nurse is caring for a child who is suspected to have Enterobius vermicularis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
  6. A nurse is caring for an infant who has a myelomeningocele. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the preoperative plan of care?
  1. A nurse is caring for a child who just experienced a generalized seizure. Which of the following is the priority action for the nurse to take?
  2. A nurse is caring for a 4-month-old infant who has meningitis. Which of the following findings is associated with this diagnosis?
  3. A nurse is caring for a male infant who has a palpable mass in the RUQ and stools mixed with blood and mucus. What diagnosis is associated with these findings? Intussusception
  4. A nurse is caring for a 6 week old infant who has a pyloric stenosis. What manifestations should the nurse expect? Projectile vomiting
  5. What are risk factors with undescended testicles? Decreased fertility
  6. Patient with chemotherapy is given zofran - what is it used for? Vomiting.
  7. When assessing an infant with an undescended testis, the nurse should be alert for which symptom?