NOLA PENDER:
HEALTH PROMOTION MODEL
Nola Pender: Health Promotion Model
Nola Pender is a nursing theorist, author
and academic. She is a professor emerita
of nursing at the University of Michigan.
She created the Health Promotion Model.
She has been designated a Living Legend
of the American Academy of Nursing.
Health Promotion Model
Purpose: Assist nurses in understanding the
major determinants of health behaviors as a
basis for behavioral counseling to promote
healthy lifestyles
Philosophical Roots: Reciprocal Interaction
World View in which humans are viewed
holistically, but parts can be studied in the
context of the whole. Human beings interact
with their environment and shape it to meet
their needs and goals.
Overview of Health Promotion Model
Theoretical Roots: Expectancy value theory
- Individuals engage in actions to
achieve goals that are perceived as
possible and that result in valued
outcomes.
Social Cognitive Theory: Thoughts,
behavior, and environment interact. For
people to alter how they behave, they must
alter how they think.
The model identifies background factors
HPM Assumptions
Based on the following assumptions, which
reflect both nursing and behavioral science
perspectives:
1. Persons seek to create conditions of
living through which they can
express their unique human health
potential.
2. Persons have the capacity for
reflective self-awareness, including
assessment of their own
competencies.
3. Persons value growth in directions
viewed as positive and attempt to
achieve a personally acceptable
balance between change and
stability.
4. Individuals seek to actively regulate
their own behavior.
5. Individuals in all their
biopsychosocial complexity interact
with the environment, progressively
transforming the environment and
being transformed over time.
6. Health professionals constitute a part
of the interpersonal environment,
which exerts influence on persons
throughout their lifespan.
