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NLN Pax Science Practice Tests
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Updated 2025 Graded A
1 kilogram (kg) of solid X at 10C and 1 kg of solid Y 10C each absorb 5 joules of heat energy. The final temperatures on X and Y is 15C and 20C, respectively. Compared to X, Y must have a lower:F - ANSspecific heat 30 students in a class carefully measure the length and width of 20 peanut shells. They also count the number and note the size of the peanuts inside. This information is recorded on various graphs showing the numbers of nuts and the different sizes. The collected evidence of the peanuts gives the students an idea of the extent of: - ANSvariation within a species A tincture is a solution in which: - ANSalcohol is the solvent a cell which manufactures a large amount of protein for export would have an abundance of organelles called - ANSribosomes A cell which manufactures a large amount of protein for export would have an abundance of organelles called: - ANSribosomes a circuit contains three 3ohn ( n) resistors in series. What is the equivalent resistance of This combination? - ANS9W
A drop of dilute ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) is placed on one side of a slide containing a large number of swimming paramecium. Under this condition, which of these behaviors of the paramecia will be observed? - ANSThey will eventually all swim away from the ammonium hydroxide A gram stain is an important technique used in the laboratory that - ANSdistinguishes between different kinds of bacterial cell walls A lab technician has the choice of four different enzymes to use in an experiment that will run at 25C. The optimal temperatures of enzymes using the Kelvin scale are: Enzyme A: 273 K, Enzyme B: 298 K, Enzyme C: 310 K, Enzyme D: 325 K. Which enzyme would be best to use in this experiment? - ANSEnzyme B 273+25C = 298 K A lens that focuses distant light to a single point is known as a : - ANSconverging (convex) lens A magician rapidly pulls a tablecloth from a table, leaving the dishes undisturbed. Which of these principles of physics explains this "trick"? - ANSObjects at rest tend to remain at rest. A material that settles out of a reaction is termed a(n) - ANSemulsion -egg yolk, butter, mayonaise
A substance composed of similar atoms (number of protons is the same for all) that can not be broken down chemically is a(n) - ANSelement A woman suddenly chokes on a piece of food and clutches frantically at her throat. An immediate remedy is to: - ANSapply quick, hard pressures successively to her abdomen, just below her diaphragm According to the Ideal Gas Equation (PV=nRT), if the temperature and amount of gas are kept constant, what will be the effect of an increase in pressure on the volume of a gas? - ANSAs the pressure increases, the volume decreases. All of these groups of land plants produce seeds EXCEPT - ANSmosses All the glucose filtered from the blood in the glomerulus into the Bowman's capsule of the kidney nephron is returned to the tissue fluid while passing along the proximal tubule. This rapid return is effected by the process of: - ANSactive transport Amnesia in humans is a loss of memory. Which of these parts of the brain has been affected when someone is suffering from amnesia caused by head trauma? - ANSCerebral cortex an example of an adaptation prevent water loss in plants is - ANSwaxy epidermis
An example of the most complex level of organization in a frog is the - ANSrespiratory system An unknown gas is more dense than air, does not support combustion, and turns a limewater solution cloudy. This gas is most probably: - ANScarbon dioxide Anaerobic respiration occurs in muscle tissue when it cannot get sufficient oxygen to function aerobically. Which of these conditions is mostly likely to directly result from this? - ANSCramps As an object falls freely near the surface of the earth, its speed increases, representing a transformation of - ANSpotential energy to kinetic energy As part of the human immune response, which of these cells are responsible for producing antibodies? - ANSLymphocytes At room temperature, which of these substances exists as diatomic molecules? - ANSOxygen Charles Darwin's theory of evolution suggests that the reason for the various differences between species is a result of: - ANSnatural selection Cicero and Wozniak probably decided to restrict their study to male offspring of alcoholic male rats because they wanted to - ANScompare results with prior findings from human studies
If a red light passed through a dilute solution of chlorophyll solution, the spectrophotometer will detect what amount of transmittance of this light? - ANS50-75% If blue light emits electrons from a photosensitive surface, then electrons must also be emitted by - ANSultraviolet light If the medulla of the brain in a human was damaged, which of these conditions would most likely result? - ANSDifficulty in breathing If the night temperature drops 50 degrees, the roadrunner's internal energy-conservation permits a lowering of body temperature to: - ANS94°F In a study on the effect of cocaine on the brains of rats, two groups of animals were selected. Each day, Group A was injected with the drug dissolved in water, whereas Group B was injected with water alone. In such a study Group B is included as - ANSa control group In classical physics, light is viewed as part of the electromagnetic spectrum, traveling in the form of transverse waves. Quantum physics proposes that light is composed of quanta called - ANSphotons In corn plants, the gene that codes for the presence of chlorophyll is sometimes missing. The resulting seedlings are albino and will not survive. This lethal gene appears in corn populations because - ANSthe parent plants that produced the seeds carried recessive gene for the albino trait.
In diagnostic testing, the electroencephalogram permits the physician to - ANSexamine the impulses of the nerve cells within the brain In ecological succession, the first living thing to colonize a hitherto barren area is called a: - ANSpioneer organism In order to observe the endoplasmic reticulum in a cell, a scientist would use - ANSan electron microscope In the reaction of iron with water shown below, what coefficient must be placed before the iron (Fe) to balance the reaction? Fe + 4H2O - Fe3O4 + 4H2 - ANS In varieties of matter, the term heterogeneous may be applied to: - ANSmixtures, but not elements or compounds Iodized salt is used to prevent a human condition known as - ANSgoiter Most internal gas exchanges in the human respiratory tracts occurs across the capillaries of which of these structures? - ANSAlveoli Muscles are attached to bone by which of these structures? - ANSTendon Night blindness in humans is caused by a lack of: - ANSVitamin A Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition of the - ANSgum tissue that surrounds the neck of each tooth
The atoms of an element with seven valence electrons are most probably classified as: - ANSnonmetals The bending of a wave around an obstacle is known as - ANSdiffraction The boiling point of liquid nitrogen at one atmosphere pressure is 77 K. This temperature us equivalent to: - ANSneg196C 77K - 273K= 196C The calorie and the kilocalorie are units of : - ANSenergy The energy associated with an object's position is termed - ANSpotential energy The extension of a neuron that carries the impulse to another cell is called - ANSan axon The force of gravity on an object is that object's: - ANSweight The full set of genes in an individual is known as: - ANSthe human genome The function of the myelin sheath that surrounds many neurons is to - ANSincrease the rate of impulse transport The functional group present in all alcohols is the - ANShydroxyl group
The inherited factors that are transmitted in a organism from generation to generation are called its: - ANSgenotype The Law of Dominance was proposed by which of the following scientists?
- ANSMendel the light sensitive cells of the eye are called rods and condescending. In which of these layers of the eye are they found? - ANSretina The meiotic division of cells leads to the production of cells that: - ANScontain half the usual number of chromosomes The most probable area of study that would show the prevalence of mental illness in mid- Manhattan is that: - ANSepidemiology The normal boiling temperature for water is 100° when measured on which of these scales? - ANSCelcius The number of complete waves which pass a point in one second is known as a - ANSFrequency The number of complete waves which pass a point in one second is known as a : - ANSfrequency The organ that filters metabolic waste from the blood is the - ANSkidney
To determine the optimum conditions for the activity of a digestive enzyme, it would be necessary to test its activity over a range of: - ANStemperature, pH and substrate concentration To sterilize a metal probe in the office, a dentist could use a steam sterilizer. If unavailable, the next most effective method to sterilize the instrument would be - ANSboiling it in water for 15 minutes Unicellular organisms that have a nucleus and can swim with the aid of cilia are examples of: - ANSprotozoans Water freezes at 0C. On the Kelvin temperature scale, this is equivalent to:
- ANS273K What is the correct sequence in the life cycle of a moth? - ANSEgg, larva, pupa, adult What is the pH of a solution whose H+ ion concentration is 1 x 10-2 mole per liter? - ANS When a column of air is vibrating at the same rate as a tuning fork, the process is referred to as - ANSresonance When a drop of dilute nitric acid is added to water surrounding a hydra, the animal draws in its tentacles. The acid is acting as - ANSa stimulus
When a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which of these conditions must be present? - ANSThe population is isolated from other populations when a small number of pure tall pea plants are crossed with an equally small number of pure short plants, only tall plants result. This illustrates Mendels - ANSlaw of dominance When a sperm and egg join to form a zygote in humans, what determines the sex of the child that is produced? - ANSThe sperm When blood is filtered in the kidney and urine is produced, red blood cells and plasma proteins do not pass through the blood capillaries. This occurs because - ANSlarge molecules such as blood and plasma proteins do not fit through the permeable membrane, so they cannot enter the tubules in the kidney. When steel wool (mostly iron) burns, its mass increases. The best explanation of this observation is that - ANSthe iron oxide formed has more mass than the iron alone When three resistors of 10.0 ohms each are placed in series, the total resistance is - ANS30.0 ohms 10x
Which of these could be stopped by a sheet of paper? - ANSAlpha particle Which of these equations best illustrates a synthesis reaction? - ANS2Na + Cl2 -> 2NaCl Which of these experiments would be an effective way to determine the distribution of touch in the skin? - ANSHave a blindfolded student tell when a bristle placed lightly against the skin is felt. Which of these factors best summarizes Darwin's theory of the origin of species? - ANSNatural selection Which of these factors is a variable in Cicero and Wozniak's research? - ANSLiquid diet of 6% alcohol. Which of these findings suggests a serious illness from a urinalysis? - ANSPresence of glucose and protein Which of these germ layers rise to the skin? - ANSEctoderm Which of these hydrocarbons is a member of the benzene family? - ANSToluene Which of these instruments is used to measure the amount of heat exchanged in a system? - ANSCalorimeter Which of these is an example of a simple machine? - ANSAll of the above
- Lever
- Pulley -inclined plane -wheel and axle -wedge -screw Which of these is an example of an emulsion? - ANSMayonnaise Which of these is NOT an organic compound? - ANSHCl (hydrochloric acid) Which of these is the correct sequence of chambers through which blood flows in the human heart and lungs? - ANSRight atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle Which of these organ systems does NOT provide for the excretion of substances? - ANSlymphatic system Which of these organisms has the most complex digestive system? - ANSEarthworm Which of these organisms might be found in contaminated well water? - ANSGiardia Which of these organisms use nitrogen directly from the air? - ANSBlue- green algae
Which of these quantities is most closely associated with an object's inertia? - ANSMass Which of these sequences of anatomic organization, from the simplest level to the most complex, is the correct sequence? - ANSFrom tissue, organ, organ system to organism Which of these single instruments may be used to measure the current flowing through a circuit? - ANSAn ammeter Which of these structures of the male reproductive system carries sperm cells from the testes to the lower part of the abdomen? - ANSVas deferens Which of these structures produces sperm cells in human males? - ANSTestes Which of these substances carries energy within cells and is produced as a result of cellular respiration? - ANSATP Which of these substances contains a nonpolar covalent bond? - ANSO Which of these temperatures is known as Absolute Zero? - ANS0 K Which of these units is associated with magnitude, but not direction? - ANStime
Which part of the cell structure controls the passage of materials into and out of the cell? - ANSPlasma membrane Which part of the human central nervous system controls voluntary movements? - ANSCerebrum While working in the chemistry laboratory, a student spills dilute hydrochloric acid on her hand. What is the first action this student should take? - ANSFlush her hand with large quantities of water Within a living cell, the oxygen (O2) from a mixture of O2 and carbon dioxide (CO2) is used up. This creates a concentration gradient across the cell membrane, drawing O2 across the membrane from the outside in, a process known as - ANSDiffusion Within which of these structures of the female reproductive tract is the human egg fertilized? - ANSFallopian tube You cut your finger rather deeply while slicing an apple. Which of these actions should you take first? - ANSWash the wound continuously with cold running water
