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NFDN 1002 Unit 2 Questions With Complete Answers 2025 Latest Update Graded A+ Pass., Exams of Nursing

Imperial College LondonNursing

NFDN 1002 Unit 2 Questions With Complete Answers 2025 Latest Update Graded A+ Pass. NFDN 1002 Unit 2 Questions With Complete Answers 2025 Latest Update Graded A+ Pass.

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Available from 07/13/2025

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NFDN 1002 Unit 2 Questions With Complete Answers 2025
Latest Update Graded A+ Pass.
forms of oral meds - ANSWERS-solid c caplet, capsule, tablet, enteric-coated pill,
liquid (elixir, extract, aqueous solution, suspension) other (trache (lozenge)
aerosol, sustained release capsule)
forms of topical meds - ANSWERS-ointment (salve/cream)
liniment
lotion
paste
transdermal patch
forms of parenteral meds - ANSWERS-- solution (contains water with dissolved
medical compounds)
- powder (particles of med dissolved in liquid)
forms of body cavity meds - ANSWERS-- solution
- intraocular disc (soft outerlayer, inner med containing layer; slow-release)
- suppository (pellet)
controlled substance - ANSWERS-drugs that affect mind or behaviour
factors affecting absorption - ANSWERS-- route of admin
- ability of med to dissolve (liquid absorbed faster than solid) (acidic med goes fast
through GI mucosa)
- blood flow to site of admin (rich blood supply = fast)
- body surface area (larger = fast)
- lipid solubility of med (high = fast)
factors affecting distribution - ANSWERS-- circulation (better blood flow = med
reach site faster)
- membrane permeability (blood-brain barrier)
- protein binding (meds bound to albumin dont work, have to be free to be active)
factors affecting metabolism - ANSWERS-- biotransformation (enzymes detoxify,
degrade, and remove biologically active chemicals)
- liver function (med. toxicity)
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Download NFDN 1002 Unit 2 Questions With Complete Answers 2025 Latest Update Graded A+ Pass. and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

NFDN 1002 Unit 2 Questions With Complete Answers 2025

Latest Update Graded A+ Pass.

forms of oral meds - ANSWERS-solid c caplet, capsule, tablet, enteric-coated pill, liquid (elixir, extract, aqueous solution, suspension) other (trache (lozenge) aerosol, sustained release capsule) forms of topical meds - ANSWERS-ointment (salve/cream) liniment lotion paste transdermal patch forms of parenteral meds - ANSWERS-- solution (contains water with dissolved medical compounds)

  • powder (particles of med dissolved in liquid) forms of body cavity meds - ANSWERS-- solution
  • intraocular disc (soft outerlayer, inner med containing layer; slow-release)
  • suppository (pellet) controlled substance - ANSWERS-drugs that affect mind or behaviour factors affecting absorption - ANSWERS-- route of admin
  • ability of med to dissolve (liquid absorbed faster than solid) (acidic med goes fast through GI mucosa)
  • blood flow to site of admin (rich blood supply = fast)
  • body surface area (larger = fast)
  • lipid solubility of med (high = fast) factors affecting distribution - ANSWERS-- circulation (better blood flow = med reach site faster)
  • membrane permeability (blood-brain barrier)
  • protein binding (meds bound to albumin dont work, have to be free to be active) factors affecting metabolism - ANSWERS-- biotransformation (enzymes detoxify, degrade, and remove biologically active chemicals)
  • liver function (med. toxicity)

factors affecting excretion - ANSWERS-- kidney function (med toxicity)

  • peristalsis (laxatives excreted quickly)
  • fluid intake (50m:/kg/day) med actions - ANSWERS-- therapeutic effect (expected outcome; desired effect)
  • side effects (unintended but predictable; secondary)
  • adverse effects (negative, severe)
  • toxic effects (prolonged intake; accumulation of meds)
  • idiosyncratic (overreaction, underreaction; not normal)
  • allergic (anaphylaxis) -synergistic effect (when 2 meds have a greater combined effect than when given separately) before meals - ANSWERS-AC; ac as desired - ANSWERS-ad lib twice a day - ANSWERS-bid (not supposed to abbreviate) hour - ANSWERS-h, hr at bedtime - ANSWERS-(write it out) hs after meals - ANSWERS-PC, pc as needed - ANSWERS-prn every morning - ANSWERS-qam every day, daily - ANSWERS-(write it out) Q.D , q.d every hour - ANSWERS-qh every 2 hours - ANSWERS-q2h every 4 hours - ANSWERS-q4h 4 times a day - ANSWERS-(dont abbreviate) qid every other day - ANSWERS-dont abbreviate give immediately - ANSWERS-STAT three times a day - ANSWERS-(dont abbreviate) tid onset - ANSWERS-time it takes for med to produce response after admin
  • tracheostomy into trachea
  • work rapidly; readily absorbed b/c of rich vascular, alvcolar-capillary network in pulmonary tissue intraocular routes - ANSWERS-- discs can remain in eye up to 1 week measurement equivalents - ANSWERS-1mL = 15 drops 4-5 mL = 1 tsp 15 mL = 1 tbs 250mL = 1 cup 7 rights of med admin - ANSWERS-1) right med
  1. right dose
  2. right client
  3. right route
  4. right time
  5. right documentation
  6. right reason components of med order - ANSWERS-- clients full name
  • date and time order is written
  • med name
  • dose
  • route of admin
  • time and frequency
  • signature of prescriber polypharmacy - ANSWERS-occurs when client takes 2 or more meds to treat same illness, same or similar acting drugs for several disorders at same time, client misses nutrition of supplements/herbal products with meds oral admin steps - ANSWERS-1) check MAR against PO, check client name and med name, dosage, route, and time for admin
  1. assess for nausea, bowel function, gastric suction, nothing by mouth (NPO),

swallow, cough reflex

  1. assess client med history, allergies, diet history, lab results, id bracelet
  2. prepare med (hand hygiene, move med cart outside client room, unlock medicine drawer, calculate med dose, verify with nurse, controlled med check, clients mar, last dose, med count and supply, wear gloves, place tab into cup dont remove wrapper
  3. if client cant swallow use pill crusher
  4. if liquid gently shake, dont expose inside of cap wipe lid with paper towel after
  5. explain med and action to clients
  6. assist client to sitting position; assist client to take med
  7. for highly acidic medications offer client a non-fat snack if not contraindicated
  8. evaluate client response protecting client from aspiration - ANSWERS-- clients ability to swallow
  • assess clients cough
  • determine gag reflex
  • prepare oral medications in easiest form for client to swallow
  • allow client to self administer if possible
  • unilateral weakness, place med in stronger side of mouth
  • administer pills one at a time, ensure each pill is properly swallowed
  • thicken regular liquids if client cannot tolerate thin liquids

tenderness

  1. prepare med. compare med label against MAR x 3
  2. identify client with bracelet, i.d, and MAR; state name
  3. compare MAR with med at clients bedside
  4. explain procedure and sensations to expect. (ex) burning, stinging of mucosa, choking sensation as med trickles into throat
  5. put on gloves for nasal drainage, gently roll med
  6. get client to clear/blow nose gently unless contraindicated (risk of intracranial pressure or nose bleed) clears nasal passage for med
  7. administer: assist to supine position : to assess posterior pharynx, tilt head back : to assess ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses, tilt head back over edge of bed or pillow with head turned to affected side : support head with non-dominant hand : instruct client to breath through mouth :hold dropper 1cm above nares : drops go toward midline of ethmoid bone
  8. client remain supine for 5 mins. dont blow nose for several only wipe away drainage
  9. nasal sprays: high fowlers or sitting : spray with clients head upright : dont tip nasal spray downwards
  10. document on MAR
  11. observe for side effects 15-30 min after admin
  12. ask if client can breathe through nose. one nostril at a time
  13. review self medication with client admin of opthalmic med - ANSWERS-1) check MAR against DO check client name close eye to be treated, route and time of admin
  14. assess external eye structures
  1. determine allergies to eye meds; visual alteractions
  2. assess LOC and ability to follow directions
  3. assess ability to hold eye dropper
  4. prepare med. check med label against MAR x
  5. identify client (bracelet, MAR, states name) compare med and MAR at client bedside
  6. if eye drops refrigerated, allow to warm up to room temperature. gently roll container
  7. explain procedure, possible burning and stinging sensation
  8. client lie supine or sit back in a chair with head slightly hyper extended
  9. gently wash away crusts or drainage. hold cotton ball/clean tissue with non- dominant hand on clients cheekbone just below lower eyelid. gently press down with thumb and forefinger on bony orbit
  10. ask client to look at ceiling. place dominant hand on forehead. hold eye dropper 1-2cm above conjuctival sac. ask client to gently close eyes after
  11. place clean tissue on clients nasolacrimal duct for 30-60 seconds
  12. for eye ointment: client look at ceiling. hold applicator above lower eyelid and apply thin layer along edge from inner canthus to outer canthus. client close eye and use cottonball to rub lid lightly in circular motion if not contraindicated
  13. document and evaluate. discuss self admin of next dose administer ear meds - ANSWERS-1) chech MAR against DO. clients name, med name, dose, route and time of admin
  14. prepare med. compare med label with MAR x
  15. identify client (bracelet, i.d, MAR state name)
  16. compare med label with MAR one more time at client bedside
  17. explain procedure to client and sensations like hearing bubbling, feeling water in ear
  18. teach client about med
  19. admin eardrops: side lying position with afected ear facing up. or client may sit in a chair or at bedside straighten ear canal by pulling the auricle down and back (for < 3 year of age) or upward and outward (for adults). hold dropper 1cm above ear canal and instill drops

meds. check MAR and DO. review records. identify client. compare meds with MAR x3. compare med with MAR at bedside

  1. explain steps for admin: A) insert MDI canister into holder. B) remove mouthpiece cover over inhaler. shake the inhaler vigorously 5 or 6 times. C) have client take a deep breath. exhale.
  2. proper position: thumb at mouthpiece index finger and middle finger at top ( 3 point lateral hand position)
  3. client tilt head back slightly and inhale slowly and deeply through mouth 3- times while depressing canister fully
  4. client must hold breath for 10 seconds. then remove MDI from mouth and exhale through pursed lips
  5. admin of MDI by spacer:
  • remove mouth piece cover over MDI and mouthpiece, inspect spacer. ensure valve is intact. insert MDI into end of spacer. shake inhaler vigorously 5 to 6 times. client exhale fully before closing mouth on mouthpiece, avoid covering small exhalation slots with lips. client press med canister one puff at a time into spacer. inhale deeply and slowly for 3 to 5 seconds. client hold breath 10 seconds. client remove MDI and spacer before exhaling
  1. admin of DPI or breath activated MDI
  • remove cover from mouthpiece. done shake inhaler, prepare med as directed by manufacturer (inhaler upright, wheel turned to right and left until click heard then load pellet) client exhale before positioning mouth on mouthpiece. client inhale deeply and forcefully through mouth. hold breath 5 to 10 seconds wait 20 to 30 seconds between inhalations of med
  1. always give a bronchodilator first if client on two or more meds
  2. explain client may feel gagging sensation in throat caused by droplets of med on pharynx or tongue
  3. teach client to rinse mouth ith water or salt water to brush teeth after inhaling a cortico-steroid to reduct risk of fungal infection. inspect preventing infection during an injection - ANSWERS-- draw med from ampule quickly. dont let it stand in the open
  • prevent needle contamination, avoid letting needle touch a contaminated surface (outside of ampule/vial, hands, table)
  • prevent syringe contamination avoid touching length of plunger or inner part of barrel. keep tip of syringe covered with cap or needle
  • prepare skin, wash skin of dirt, drainage, feces, then dry. use friction and circular motion to clean skin with antiseptic swab. swab from center of site and move outward in a 5cm radius preparing injections - ANSWERS-- do all check and verifying
  • tap the top of ampule lightly and quickly with finger until fluid moves from neck of ampule
  • place small gauze pad or unopened alcohol swab around neck of ampule
  • snap neck of ampule quickly away from the hands
  • draw up med quickly, using filter needle long enough to reach bottom of ampule
  • hold ampule upside down, or set it on a flat surface. insert filter needle into center of ampule
  • aspirate med into syringe by gently pulling back on plunger.
  • keep needle tip under surface of liquid. tip the ampule to bring all fluid within reach of needle. if air bubbles aspirate do not expel air into ampule
  • to expel air, remove needle from ampule, hold syringe with needle pointing up. tap side of syringe till bubble rises toward needle. draw back slightly on plunger then push plunger up to get air
  • dispose of excess fluid in sink, hold syringe vertically needle tip up and slanted toward sink.
  • cover needle with safety sheath, replace filter needle with needle or needleless access device for injection preparing vial injection - ANSWERS-- remove cap covering. firmly wipe with alcohol swab, allow it to dry.
  • remove needle cap from syringe, pull back plunger to draw an amount of air into syringe equivalent to volume of med to be drawn up
  • insert needle, inject air into vial. keep tip of needle below fluid level
  • allow air pressure from vial to fill syringe gradually with med. if necessary pull back slightly
  • when desired volume in syringe, position needle into air space; tap side of syringe to dislodge air bubbles. eject any air remaining at top of syringe into vial
  • if med is to be injected into client, change needle to one with appropriate gauge

MAR.

  1. When mixing rapid with intermediate or long acting insulin, aspirate volume of air equal to intermediate or long acting insulin dose. Inject air without letting needle tip touch insulin.
  2. Remove needle from intermediate or long acting, then inject air equal to short acting insulin into short acting vial. Withdraw short-acting dose. 5.Verify short acting dose with MAR, show to another nurse
  3. Now withdraw from intermediate or long acting-insulin dose. Show nurse again.
  4. Admin. mixture within 5 min. of prep for effect Admin of injections - ANSWERS-1. Check MAR and DO. Check clients name and med. name, med. history, allergies, route, dosage, and time of admin.
  5. Check date of expiration for med.
  6. Observe verbal and non-verbal response to injection.
  7. For subcutaneous: assess circulatory shock and reduced local tissue perfusion and adequacy of adipose tissue.
  8. For intramuscular: assess client for muscle atrophy, reduced blood flow and circulatory shock.
  9. Check med label against MAR X 3. Create removable label with client name, name of drug, and dosage; apply to removable needle cap.
  10. Identify client (name with hospital ID, bracelet, state name)
  11. Compare med. label with MAR X 1 at bedside of client.
  12. Inform that injection will cause slight burning stinging sensation
  13. Inspect injection sit for bruises, inflammation and edema
  14. Assist client to comfy position, clean injection site with alcohol swab. Start at center of site and move outward in circular direction for about 5 cm. (Hold swab between 3rd and 4th fingers of your non-dominant hand.
  15. Remove needle cap; hold syringe between thumb and forefinger of dominant hand.
  16. Withdraw needle while wiping alcohol swab over injection site.
  17. Discard into puncture or leak proof receptacle. Keep needle uncapped or enclosed in safety shield and attach syringe. Do not recap!
  18. Stay with client 3-5 min to observe for allergies.
  1. Inspect injection site noting any bruises.
  2. For intradermals use skin pencil and draw circle around perimeter of injection site. Subcutaneous Inspection and Injection - ANSWERS-:palpate injection site for masses or tenderness. Avoid these areas.Clients who require insulin, rotate injection site daily. Ensure needle is correct size and grasp skin fold at injection site with thumb and forefinger. Measure fold from top to bottom needle should be 1/ the length of the skin-fold :assist client to comfy position, client relax arm, leg, or abdomen depending on site chosen. :hold syringe as if holding a dart; palm down; hold across tops of fingertips. For obese client pinch skin at site with non-dominant hand. Inject quickly and firmly at 45-90 degree angle. Then release if pinched. Press med. slowly Intramuscular Inspection and Injection - ANSWERS-:Note integrity and size of muscle and palpate for tenderness or hardness. Avoid these areas. If injections are frequent rotate site. Use ventrogluteal site if possible. :position client depending on sit chosen (sit, lie flat, on one side, prone) :position hand at proper anatomical landmarks and pull skin down approx. 2.5-3. cm or laterally with ulnar side of hand to administer injection in z-track. With dominant hand insert needle quickly at 90 degree angle into muscle and hold z- track until med is injected. If client muscle mass is small, grasp body of muscle b/t fingers and thumb. When injecting med pull back on plunger; if no blood appears inject med slowly at rate of 10 mL per 10 seconds. Wait 10 sec, then smoothly and steadily withdraw needle and release skin.Apply gentle pressure with dry gauze. Intradermal Inspection and Injection - ANSWERS-:Note any lesions or discolorations of clients forearm. Select injection site 2-4 finger-widths below antecubital space and hand-width above wrist. If forearm can't be used, inspect clients upper back. Sites for subcut. can be used :have client extend elbow and support elbow and forearm on flat surface. :with non-dominant hand, stretch skin over injection site with forefinger or thumb. With needle almost against clients skin, insert it slowly with bevel up at 5- 15 degree angle; resistance felt. Advance needle through epidermis approx. 3mm below skin surface. Needle tip can be seen through skin. Inject med slowly. Resistance should be felt, if not it is too deep remove and begin again. Non- dominant hand can stabilize needle during injection. While injecting notice that a small bleb approx. 6mm in diameter appears on skin surface. Instruct client this is normal. Characteristics of Intramuscular Sites - ANSWERS-Vastus Lateralis muscle - lacks
  1. Wipe port or injection site with alcohol swab. Remove needle cap or sheath from syringe and insert needle through injection port or site; inject med.
  2. Mix med. and IV solution by holding bag or bottle and turning it gently end to end\
  3. Complete med label by printing name and dose of med, date and time of admin., and your initials. Apply label to bottle or bag. Spike bag or bottle with IV tubing.
  4. Identify client (hospital ID, Bracelet, state name)
  5. Connect infusion tubing or spike container to existing tubing. Dispose of equipment and supplies. Do not recap needle or syringe.
  6. Observe client for signs and symptoms of med reaction, fluid excess, and inspect IV insertion and rate of infusion. Preparing a vented IV bottle or plastic bag - ANSWERS-1. Check volume of solution remaining in the bottle or bag.
  7. Close IV infusion clamp.
  8. Wipe med port with alcohol or antiseptic swab
  9. Remove needle cap/sheath from syringe; insert syringe needle through port and inject med.
  10. Withdraw syringe from bag or bottle
  11. Lower bag or battle from IV pole and gently mix med and IV solution bag or bottle and gently end to end.