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MT Laws and Bioethics
Lesson 1: Introduction and History of Medical
Technology
Law
A rule of conduct that is just, obligatory, promulgated by legitimate authority, and of common observance and benefit.
Fundamental Concepts
- Ignorance of the law excuses no one from compliance.
- Laws have no retroactive effect unless otherwise specified.
- Rights may be waived, unless the waiver is contrary to law, public order, public policy, morals, good customs, or prejudicial to a third person.
- Laws are repealed only by subsequent ones. Violation is not excused by disuse, custom, or contrary practice. Court-declared inconsistencies with the Constitution render the law void, and the Constitution governs. Administrative acts are valid only when consistent with laws and the Constitution.
- Customs contrary to law, public order, or public policy are not countenanced. A custom must be proven as a fact according to evidence rules.
Medical Technology Laws
Legislative mandates with legal effects on medical technology practice in the Philippines. Define limitations, rights, responsibilities, and obligations for medical technology professionals. Special penal laws: violations are punishable by fine, imprisonment, or both. Function: protect society from wrongdoers in the profession.
Bioethics
Philosophical discipline addressing the morality of human conduct in relation to health and human life. Focuses on ethical doctrines, bioethical principles, and their application in healthcare. Includes philosophical tenets and virtues for healthcare providers.
Morality
Quality of a human act. Parameters for determining moral goodness: The act itself must be good. The act's purpose must be good.
The circumstances must be good.
Relationship of Laws and Public Morality
Enacted laws reflect public morality. Law provides a starting point for public morality development.
Medical Technology Definitions
Heinemann: Application of natural, physical, and biological sciences to lab procedures aiding disease diagnosis and treatment. Fagelson: A branch of medicine concerned with lab determinations and analyses for disease diagnosis, treatment, and health maintenance. Walters: Health profession performing lab analyses for information necessary in disease diagnosis, treatment, and health maintenance. RA 5527: (Philippine Medical Technology Act of 1969) Auxiliary branch of lab medicine examining tissues, secretions, and excretions using various procedures (electronic, chemical, microscopic, etc.) to aid in disease diagnosis, study, treatment, and health promotion.
Clinical Laboratories
Facilities performing chemical and microscopic examinations of body fluids (blood, tissues). Found in government/private hospitals or as freestanding labs. Varying capabilities based on hospital size: Small: routine procedures. Medium: routine and complicated procedures. Large: high volumes and complex tests.
Pathology
A medical practice that contributes to diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment through lab application of biological, chemical, or physical science to man or material obtained from man. Divisions: Anatomic: Autopsy exams and tissue analysis. Clinical: Chemical, microbiological, and hematological procedures. Pathologist: Director of a clinical laboratory; licensed physician with Pathology specialty.
Medical Technologist
Has a baccalaureate degree from a CHED-recognized institution. Completed clinical internship in an accredited training laboratory. Passed the licensure examination by the Board of Medical Technology of the PRC. Works as medical detectives, using microscopes, analyzing blood, identifying microorganisms, etc. Operates complex equipment and adheres to high ethical standards.
Professionalism: Positive traits, responsibility, responsiveness. Commitment: Dedication, initiative, resourcefulness. Unity: Linkage, support, involvement, sharing.
PAMET Logo
Circle: Continuous involvement. Triangle: Love, respect, and integrity. Green: Color of health. Microscope and snake: Medical technology profession. 1964: Year of the first PAMET election.
Philippine Association of Schools of Medical Technology
and Public Health (PASMETH)
National organization of schools and colleges of medical technology in the Philippines. Established May 13, 1970. Seeks to improve the quality of education in clinical laboratory science. First organizational meeting: June 22, 1970, at UST; Dr. Gustavo U. Reyes elected president. First annual meeting: May 17, 1971, at UST. SEC registration: October 6, 1985. Current President: Jose Jurel Nuevo.
Purposes
Maintain the highest standard of Medical Technology/Public Health Education. Foster closer relations among Medical Technology schools.
PASMETH Logo
Circle: Continuity of learning. Diamonds: Four objectives of the association. Microscope: Field of Medical Technology and Public Health. 1970: Year founded.
Philippine Society of Medical Technology Students
(PHISMETS)
National organization of medical technology students, under PASMETH. A program for the development of medical technology/medical laboratory science students. Organized in 2002, reorganized on November 25, 2006. First MedTech Student Congress: February 24, 2009, at OLFU.
Aims
Coordinate activities for student development. Promote student growth. Stimulate the exchange of best practices. Support student research. Provide an information network.
PHISMETS Logo
Three Circles: Continuous involvement of LuzViMin. Laurel: Nature and continuation of life. Green Letters: Symbolizes Health. Five Bubbles: Five objectives of the organization. Fifteen molecules: Unity of fifteen board schools. Microscope: Represents Medical Laboratory Science. Lesson 3: CPD Act of 2016 and its Implementing Rules and Regulations
Introduction
Board Resolution No. 167, Series of 1988: Initial implementation of continuing professional education (CPE). EO No. 266 (1995): Institutionalized CP programs. RA No. 8981: Repealed P.D. 223, reiterated PRBs to adopt measures for enhancement. PRC Res No. 2004-179: Standardized CPE implementation. PRC Res No. 2008-466: Revised issuances, introduced CPE/CPD system. PRC Resolution No. 2013-774, Series of 2013: Revised issuances and formally adopting CPD and dropping CPE. R.A. No. 10912: Continuing Professional Development Act of 2016; made CPD compulsory for PIC renewal. PRC Resolution No. 1032, Series 2017: Enforced mandatory CPD compliance; implementing rules of R.A. No. 10912. PRB of Medical Technology Resolution No. 07, 2018: Issued by MTB, detailing specific regulations. PRC Resolution No. 2019-1146, Series of 2019: Amendments to PRC Res No. 1032.
RA No. 10912: Continuing Professional Development Act
of 2016
Requires professionals under PRC to comply with CPD requirements for PIC renewal. Lapsed into law on July 21, 2016; took effect on August 26, 2016.
Continuing Professional Development (CPD)
Inculcation of advanced knowledge, skills, and ethical values for professional practice and lifelong learning.
Overseas professionals are not covered by CPD. Newly licensed professionals are exempt for the first renewal cycle. Required CPD CUs reduced to a minimum of 15 during the transition period. PRB of Medical Technology Resolution no. 10 Series of 2019 suspending the compliance of 45 CUs for RMTs and 30 CUs for MLTs for the renewal of pics during the transition period, requiring only 15 CUs instead.
Proficiency Tiers
Beginner: Elementary level, limited experiential knowledge. Competent: Understands context, independent. Proficient: Manages contingencies, integrates new tasks. Expert: Intuitive understanding, designs new strategies.
Nature of CPD Programs
Formal learning: Structured education in institutions. Non-formal learning: Structured but flexible learning. Informal learning: Daily life learning, assessed through recognition. Online learning: Internet and web-based initiatives. Professional work experiences: Participation in specific fields.
Classifications of CPD Providers
Entities accredited by the CPD Council to conduct CPD programs. Local CPD Provider Individual/Sole Proprietor Firm/Partnership/Corporation Government Institution/Agencies Foreign CPD Provider
Application for Accreditation of CPD Programs
Must be filed 45 days before offering the program.
