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Making a Model of DNA: Instructions and Questions, Lecture notes of Genetics

Instructions for creating a DNA model using nucleotides and color-coding, as well as questions related to DNA base pairs, replication, and differences between DNA of various species.

What you will learn

  • How does yellow perch DNA differ from human DNA?
  • Is yellow perch DNA closer to walleye DNA or deer DNA?
  • What base pairs make up DNA?
  • How does replication occur in DNA?
  • Which DNA strand would bond opposite the given sequence?

Typology: Lecture notes

2021/2022

Uploaded on 08/05/2022

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1) Colour the individual structures on the worksheet as follows:
adenine = red thymine = green
guanine = blue cytosine = yellow
phosphate = brown deoxyribose = purple
2) Cut out each structure.
3) Using the small symbols (squares, circles and stars) on the structures as guides,
line up the bases, phosphates and sugars.
4) Glue the appropriate pairs together to form nucleotides.
5) Construct the right side of your DNA molecule by putting together in sequence a
cytosine, thymine, guanine and adenine nucleotide.
6) Complete the left side of the DNA ladder by adding complementary nucleotides or
nucleotides that fit. Your finished model should resemble a ladder.
7) To show replication of your model, separate the left side from the right side on your
desk, leaving a space of about 15 to 20 cm.
8) Using the remaining nucleotides, add to the left side of the model to build a new
DNA molecule. Do the same with the separated right side.
9) Tape or glue the nucleotides together to form two complete identical DNA ladders
or molecules.
10) Answer the following questions.
Making a Model of DNA
Instructions
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1) Colour the individual structures on the worksheet as follows:

adenine = red thymine = green

guanine = blue cytosine = yellow

phosphate = brown deoxyribose = purple

2) Cut out each structure.

3) Using the small symbols (squares, circles and stars) on the structures as guides,

line up the bases, phosphates and sugars.

4) Glue the appropriate pairs together to form nucleotides.

5) Construct the right side of your DNA molecule by putting together in sequence a

cytosine, thymine, guanine and adenine nucleotide.

6) Complete the left side of the DNA ladder by adding complementary nucleotides or

nucleotides that fit. Your finished model should resemble a ladder.

7) To show replication of your model, separate the left side from the right side on your

desk, leaving a space of about 15 to 20 cm.

8) Using the remaining nucleotides, add to the left side of the model to build a new

DNA molecule. Do the same with the separated right side.

9) Tape or glue the nucleotides together to form two complete identical DNA ladders

or molecules.

10) Answer the following questions.

Instructions

1) When constructing the DNA molecule, what did you notice about the orientation of

the two strands?

2) Define replication.

3) What DNA strand would bond opposite

S----P----S----P----S----P----S----P----S----P----S

T G G A C C

4) How does DNA of yellow perch differ from human DNA?

5) Would yellow perch DNA be closer to walleye DNA or deer DNA? Why?

Questions

Guanine

Thymine Cytosine Adenine

Phosphate

Phosphate

Phosphate

Phosphate

Guanine

Thymine Cytosine Guanine Adenine

Thymine Cytosine Adenine

Guanine

Cytosine Thymine Adenine

Guanine

Thymine Cytosine Guanine Adenine

Thymine Cytosine Guanine Adenine

Thymine Cytosine Adenine

Guanine

Thymine Cytosine Guanine Adenine

Thymine Cytosine Guanine Adenine

Thymine Cytosine Adenine

Guanine

Thymine Cytosine Adenine

Guanine

Thymine Cytosine Guanine Adenine

Thymine Cytosine Guanine Adenine

Thymine Cytosine Adenine

Phosphate

Phosphate Phosphate

Phosphate

Cut out sheet

Deoxyribose

Deoxyribose

Deoxyribose

Deoxyribose

Deoxyribose

Deoxyribose

Deoxyribose

Deoxyribose

Deoxyribose

Deoxyribose

Deoxyribose

Deoxyribose

Cut out sheet

1) Colour the individual structures on the worksheet as follows:

adenine = red thymine = green

guanine = blue cytosine = yellow

phosphate = brown deoxyribose = purple

2) Cut out each structure.

3) Using the small symbols (squares, circles and stars) on the structures as guides,

line up the bases, phosphates and sugars.

4) Glue the appropriate pairs together to form nucleotides.

Guanine

Thymine

Cytosine

Adenine

Phosphate

Phosphate

Phosphate

Phosphate

Deoxyribose

Deoxyribose

Deoxyribose

Deoxyribose

Adenine Nucleotide

Guanine Nucleotide

Thymine Nucleotide Cytosine Nucleotide

Answer key

Brown

Purple

Yellow

Blue

Red

Green

Purple

Brown

Brown

Purple

Brown

Purple

5) Construct the right side of your DNA molecule by putting together in sequence a

cytosine, thymine, guanine and adenine nucleotide. See next page.

6) Complete the left side of the DNA ladder by adding complementary nucleotides or

nucleotides that fit. Your finished model should resemble a ladder. See next page.

7) To show replication of your model, separate the left side from the right side on your

desk, leaving a space of about 15 to 20 cm.

8) Using the remaining nucleotides, add to the left side of the model to build a new

DNA molecule. Do the same with the separated right side.

9) Tape or glue the nucleotides together to form two complete identical DNA ladders

or molecules.

10) Answer the following questions.

A C C T G G

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Answer key

1) When constructing the DNA molecule, what did you notice about the orientation of

the two strands?

One of the strands is inverted.

2) Define replication.

Replication is the process by which genetic material, a single-celled organism or a virus

reproduces or makes a copy of itself.

3) What DNA strand would bond opposite

S----P----S----P----S----P----S----P----S----P----S

T G G A C C

4) How does DNA of yellow perch differ from human DNA?

DNA of yellow perch would be different from human DNA since it would have

different chromosomes and different nucleotide pairings.

5) Would yellow perch DNA be closer to walleye DNA or deer DNA? Why?

Yellow perch DNA would be closer to walleye DNA because they are both species of fish.

Their genetic make-up would be very similar since they are more closely related to each

other than to deer.

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QUESTIONS: