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Learning Theories Comparison Table
Theory Behaviorism Constructivism Cognitivism Connectivism Andragogy Authors I. Pavlov, J. Watson, B.F. Skinner L. Vygotsky, J. Piaget, J. Bruner J. Bruner, A. Bandura G. Siemens, S. Downes M. Knowles Overview Uses techniques of stimulus and response to condition their subjects. Behaviorists may try to control the environment in which learning can emphasize the impact of the stimuli they choose to help reinforce also known as desired behavior change. Instruction that incorporates the learner's own interests and motivations. The learner in essence is constructing their own learning. Focuses on how connections are made, rather than the nature of connections themselves. Relates more to metacognition (being aware of your own thinking process) Learners combine thoughts, theories, and general information in a useful manne r and that technology is a part of the learning process and that our constant connectedness gives us opportunities to make choices about our learning Focus is on the practice and the science of adult learning. Learners contribute to their own learning which can be more effective if it is more active and relevant. Key Concept Stimulus and responsible, observable behavior Knowledge is constructed on existing knowledge and experience How learning is working or functioning in the mind Social and technological setting and use to construct knowledge Adult learners who tend to be more self-driven based on prior background and experience search for solutions within their environment
Key Theory Conditioning Zone of proximal development, scaffolding Working and long term memory, cognitive load theory Nodes, Links Self-concept, adult learner experience, readiness to learn,orientation to learning Role of the learner Is extrinsically motivated, will produce an expected behavior through repetition An active participant in creating or constructing their own learning or knowledge An active participant in the creation of the process of knowledge gaining Explores various ideas and practices Is Intrinsically motivated, has prior knowledge and experience, and wants mew knowledge that is applicable and relevant Role of instructor Controls the learning environment where there is positive and negative reinforcement due to the response of the stimulus for expected behavior Facilitates an active learning environment through collaboration Creates an environment where various thought process take place Connects learners with other learners and networks Recognize learner autonomy with regards to their prior knowledge and experience Types of learning associated with theory Recall, association, generalization, chaining Higher order learning by making connections Information processing and strategies of storage and retrieval Combination all learning theories in connection with technology Knowledge and skills that are relevant for use immediately How best to use in eLearning Gamification Case studies, research projects, collaborative work, simulations More text and images with real world examples, analogies More use of modern digital technology Transformational, experiential, or self-directed
