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ISSA ACTUAL FINAL EXAM NEWEST VERSION 2025
ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 100+ QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS GRADED
the primary fuel during endurance exercise is - CORRECT ANSWER >>> fatty acids
the human body consists of - CORRECT ANSWER >>> chemicals, cells, tissues
Metabolism can be categorized in the following phases - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> catabolism & anabolism
BMR stands for - CORRECT ANSWER >>> basal metabolic rate
A 30-minute jog would rely most heavily on which energy pathway? - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> oxidative
The automatic tendency to maintain a relatively constant internal environment is called
homeostasis. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
About 98% of the human body is composed of only six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen,
nitrogen, calcium and phosphorous. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
The heart, arteries and veins are part of the circulatory system. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> true
The ATP/CP pathway is considered aerobic metabolism. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> false
Non-oxidative glycolysis is reliable for: - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Up to 2 minutes of ATP
production
The primary fuel during endurance exercise is - CORRECT ANSWER >>> muscle glycogen
The main purpose of hormones is to: - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Alter the rate of synthesis
of your cellular protein, Change the rate of enzyme activity, Change the rate of transport of nutrients through the cell wall
The main purpose of the digestive system is - CORRECT ANSWER >>> the breakdown of
foods and waste elimination.
The main purpose of the respiratory system is: - CORRECT ANSWER >>> To supply oxygen
to the body, To eliminate carbon dioxide in the body, To regulate the body's pH balance
The average human adult skeleton has - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 206 bones
Type I muscle fibers are aerobic. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
Type II muscle fibers are slow twitch fibers. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> false Cardiovascular
exercise results in: - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Mitochondrial adaptations and Capillary
capacity adaptations
Muscular hypertrophy is a(n) - CORRECT ANSWER >>> increase in muscle fiber size
Kinesiology is - CORRECT ANSWER >>> he science or study of movement, and the active
and passive structures involved
An example of an antagonist muscle is - CORRECT ANSWER >>> riceps during a biceps curl
The angle of pull is - CORRECT ANSWER >>> the variance of force at different points in the
range of motion of an exercise
A lever is defined as - CORRECT ANSWER >>> a rigid bar that turns around an axis of
rotation or fulcrum
Biomechanics is the study of: - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Movement
Musculoskeletal deviations can result in - CORRECT ANSWER >>> poor muscle balance,
poor flexibility, improper spinal alignment
Excessive lateral curvature of the spinal column is known as: - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> Scoliosis
What should be of prime focus in all fitness activities? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Posture
The knee is stabilized on the anterior side by which muscle? - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> quadriceps
The shoulder joint is a multi-axial joint that allows for all the following movements except -
CORRECT ANSWER >>> flexion, extension/hyperextension, transverse (horizontal)
adduction and abduction, abduction and adduction, medial (inward) and lateral (outward) rotation, and circumduction.
In a concentric contraction the muscles shorten to produce movements. - CORRECT
ANSWER >>> true
An antagonist muscle is one that has an action directly opposite to that of the agonist. -
CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
Muscular force is broken down into the components of: - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> Magnitude, Direction, Application of force, Line of force
Newton's third law of motion deals with force and its relationship to mass and acceleration. -
CORRECT ANSWER >>> false
What is the basic grip used in weight training? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Supinated,
Pronated, Neutral
A supinated grip would be palms down. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> false
What is/are the major factor that effects strength? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Structural,
Physiological, Psychoneural, Environmental
A pronated grip would be palms up. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> false
A neutral grip would be thumbs up. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
The strength curve - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Relates to any exercise, Analyzes the
components of strength production, Has seven factors
Aerobic fitness is defined as the capacity to take in, transport and utilize what substance? -
CORRECT ANSWER >>> oxygen
Cross training means using several modes of training to develop a specific component of fitness.
- CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
Increased temperature helps to facilitate increases in ROM - CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
Flexibility is the ability to flex, extend or circumduct the joints through their full intended range
of motion. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
This type of stretching facilitates an increase in muscle length through a maximum isometric
contraction of the antagonist. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> CA stretching
If your goal is to improve range of motion, stretch to the point - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Of
mild or moderate discomfort The Golgi tendon organ (GTO), muscle spindle and Pacinian corpuscles make up the three
primary: - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Inhibitory proprioceptors
BMI stands for body mass index. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
BMI is used to: - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Describe relative height to weight and as a
predictor of future disease risk
Total body fat is can be classified as essential and storage body fat. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> true
Ectomorphs are classified as: - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Slim or linear body types
Body composition testing is the determination of - CORRECT ANSWER >>> fat
compartments of the human body, lean compartments of the human body
CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
HIT is an acronym for - CORRECT ANSWER >>> High Intensity Training
The leading hypotheses for delayed onset muscle soreness are - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> the connective tissue damage hypothesis, the skeletal muscle damage hypothesis, the
spasm hypothesis If your client can successfully complete two or more repetitions in the last set in two consecutive workouts for any given exercise the load should be ___________ depending on
your client's current physical abilities. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> increased by two to ten
percent Periodization refers to how a training program is broken down into discreet time periods called
macrocycles, mesocycles and microcycles. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
DOMS stands for delayed onset muscle soreness. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
The training zone is at what percentage of your MHR? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 55% to
Muscular endurance can be assessed through: - CORRECT ANSWER >>> push up and sit
up test
Exercise intensity should be at what percentage of your VO2max? - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> 55% to 85%
Which method of determining exercise intensity correlates directly to 60% - 80% of your
VO2max? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Karvonen Method
The ISSA recommends that the intensity level of exercise be 85% to 95% of VO2max. -
CORRECT ANSWER >>> false
This principle states that our bodies will physiologically adapt according to whether we are
training aerobically or anaerobically - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The SAID Principle
Good nutrition should be more theoretical and not based on outcomes. - CORRECT
ANSWER >>> false
Which of the following food(s) has the highest nutrient density? - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> spinach
Which of the following is a common limiting factor when it comes to achieving fitness-related
goals? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> a. genetics
b. exercise c. mindset d. nutrition
What is the best and most effective diet for nearly all individuals? - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> none
Which factor(s) should you take into account when deciding on a nutrition strategy? -
CORRECT ANSWER >>> a. life demands
b. work situation c. physical activity d. culture If a food is labeled "organic," it is always safe to assume that the food is healthy, nourishing, and
not processed. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> false
Which of the following represents a role that the liver plays in the body? - CORRECT
ANSWER >>> synthesizes protein from amino acids ingested through food
Glucose can be - CORRECT ANSWER >>> a. used for ATP production
b. stored as muscle glycogen
Which of the following is not a metabolic pathway involving carbohydrates? - CORRECT
ANSWER >>> glyconolisthesis
Outcome goals are the steps that you must take to accomplish your behavior goal. -
CORRECT ANSWER >>> false
Calorie counting is a foolproof method to accurately determine your dietary needs. -
CORRECT ANSWER >>> false
For women, what is the average portion size of protein-dense foods with each meal? -
CORRECT ANSWER >>> one palm portions
Eating according to your body type is for more advanced clients; not for beginners. -
CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
What is the appropriate food measurement for men? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 2 palm
portions of protein, 2 fists of vegetables, 2 cupped handfuls of carb dense foods, and 2 entire thumbs of fat dense foods
What is the appropriate food measurement for women? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 1 palm
of protein, 1 fist of vegetables, 1 cupped handful of carb dense foods, and 1 entire thumb of fat dense foods
In order to help strengthen their lungs, asthmatics should: - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> Perform specific breathing exercises
Asthma is a tightening of the airways of the lungs that results from either undue inflammation
of the lining of the airways or specific triggering factors. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
Pregnant women should avoid exercising over ____________ minutes. - CORRECT
ANSWER >>> 30
Sensible exercise can be a safe and productive undertaking for both a pregnant woman and her
fetus. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
Obesity and stress are confirmed risk factors for CHD. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
Research has shown that the predominate contributing factor(s) to heart disease is: -
CORRECT ANSWER >>> a. Too much saturated fat
b. Too much alcohol c. Too much smoking d. Not enough exercise
Individuals with arthritis should work out at least _____ times per day? - CORRECT
ANSWER >>> 2
One of the basic seven major warning signals for arthritis is _________? - CORRECT
ANSWER >>> none
Arthritis refers to a disease that causes pain or stiffness in skeletal joints. - CORRECT
ANSWER >>> true
The body of a diabetic does not produce enough insulin or it cannot properly use the insulin it
does make. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
Neurological factors as opposed to hypertrophic factors are primarily responsible for strength
gains in children. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
Children are - CORRECT ANSWER >>> a. not miniature adults
b. susceptible to heat exhaustion and heat stroke c. more susceptible to cold injury d. particularly vulnerable to Osgood Schlatter's disease
How frequently should a youth workout? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 2 - 3 times a week
Individuals with hypertension should moderate their intake of _______. - CORRECT
ANSWER >>> salt
The recommended RPE range for individuals with hypertension would be ___ to ___. -
CORRECT ANSWER >>> 10 to 13
Research has shown that the beneficial effect(s) of exercise for hypertensives: - CORRECT
ANSWER >>> a. Lower blood pressure
b. Normalize kidney function c. Decrease insulin secretion d. Increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
Diabetes increases your likelihood of suffering from - CORRECT ANSWER >>> a. heart
disease b. stroke c. gangrene d. kidney disease
A disease, which causes pain or stiffness in your skeletal joints, is referred to as _______. -
CORRECT ANSWER >>> arthritis
Aging affects the function of all body systems. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> true
What is your role as a CFT? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> If you suspect that a problem exists,
refer your client to a qualified medical professional / never prescribe or dispense any kind of medication whatsoever to anyone.
If you suspect that a problem exists, refer your client to a ____________. - CORRECT
ANSWER >>> qualified medical professional
Which principle do emergency medicine professionals use to reduce the pain and inflammation
associated with an athletic injury? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> RICE principle
In the statement ?Remembering the necessary steps of the primary survey is as easy as
remembering your A, B, Cs,? what do A, B, and C stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> airway, breathing, and circulation
The Good Samaritan Law states that the helping person cannot be sued for additional injuries
caused during a rescue attempt even if it is less than perfect. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>> true
