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Intro To Sociology (2025) Test 1 With
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. Astronomy, biology, chemistry, geology, and physics study various aspects of the physical features of nature and are therefore considered ✔️ ✔️ natural sciences
Which of the following academic disciplines would most likely explore the ways in which people produce and exchange goods? ✔️ ✔️ economics
Which of the following academic disciplines investigates personality and individual behavior ✔️ ✔️ sociology
Pure sociology is also known as: ✔️ ✔️ basic sociology
Which sociological perspective holds the view that people create their social worlds through interaction and manipulation of symbols? ✔️ ✔️ interactionist
. Using sociology with the specific intent of yielding practical applications for human behavior and organizations is referred to as ✔️ ✔️ applied sociology
A natural scientist would be likely to study ✔️ ✔️ rock formations and compositions in the grand canyon
. In many Third World nations, the pace of social change is very rapid and there is significant hunger and starvation, unemployment, and family disruption. Individuals who live in Third World nations are likely to suffer ✔️ ✔️ anomie . The concept of anomie was introduced into sociology by ✔️ ✔️ Emile Durkheim
A sociologist interviews high-salaried corporate chief executive officers (CEOs) to discover whether they feel stress in their everyday lives as a result of the pressure to produce at an unrealistic level. This sociologist is employing ✔️ ✔️ verstehen
. A sociology instructor asks students to make lists of the characteristics of the best and worst possible instructors. These lists, which would be used to evaluate all instructors, are an example of a(an) ✔️ ✔️ ideal type
What term do we use to describe the experience of being Black in White America; a division of an individual's identity into two or more social realities? ✔️ ✔️ Double Consciousness
According to the functionalist perspective, an aspect of social life is passed on from one generation to the next if it ✔️ ✔️ promotes value consensus among members of a society
Children who experience divorce in their family are more likely to experience divorce themselves when they are adults. This is an example of a ✔️ ✔️ dysfunction of families
. Which sociological approach focuses on the macrolevel and would tend to view inequality in gender as central to behavior and organization? ✔️ ✔️ feminist perspective
Which sociological perspective is most concerned with macrolevel analysis? ✔️ ✔️ functionalism and conflict
Which sociological perspective would view sports as serving as a safety valve for both participants and spectators, allowing them to shed tension and aggressive energy in a socially acceptable way? ✔️ ✔️ functionalism
To conduct a cross-cultural study of job discrimination against women, a sociologist interviews 75 women between the ages of 20 and 40 in an American city, and 75 women in the same age group in a Canadian city. This study would be classified as ✔️ ✔️ survey
A sociologist sets up an experiment on television violence and children. She shows one set of children (group A) violent cartoons and then observes their play. She shows a second set of children (group B) non-violent cartoons and then observes their play. Which of these groups would be considered the experimental group? ✔️ ✔️ group A
An operational definition is: ✔️ ✔️ an explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to measure the concept
A speculative statement about the relationship between two or more variables is known as a ✔️ ✔️ hypothesis
. The greater likelihood of a person who is less integrated into society committing suicide illustrates ✔️ ✔️ casual logic
The relationship between two variables whereby a change in one coincides with a change in the other is known as a(an) ✔️ ✔️ correlation
A factor held constant to test the relative impact of the independent variable is known as a ✔️ ✔️ control variable
. A study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire that provides sociologists with information concerning how people think or act is known as ✔️ ✔️ survey
Why was Rik Scarce, a doctoral student at Washington State University, placed in jail in 1993? ✔️ ✔️ for preserving the confidentiality of his research
The number calculated by adding a series of values and then dividing by the number of values is referred to as the ✔️ ✔️ mean
The midpoint or number which divides a series of values into two groups of equal numbers of values is referred to as the ✔️ ✔️ median
. Which number would be considered the mode of the following: 10- 10 - 9 - 9 - 8 - 8 - 7 - 7 - 7 - 6 - 5? ✔️ ✔️ 7 . Ray is an African American who is currently enrolled at a four-year university where he is studying social work. Which of the following is his achieved status? social worker, male, African american, college student ✔️ ✔️ college student
A college law enforcement major watches the behavior of television police detectives with great admiration. These detectives could be considered ✔️ ✔️ reference group
. A group of businesswomen meet on a monthly basis to assist one another in advancing their careers. They give each other job leads and advice, and they invite business leaders to attend their sessions to provide further assistance. This group is an example of ✔️ ✔️ social networking . Which of the following is an example of a formal organization ✔️ ✔️ the general motors coroporation . As explained in the text, the public attention given the failure of various government intelligence-gathering organizations to detect the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 illustrates which poorly functioning aspect of government bureaucracy? ✔️ ✔️ ...
A woman and her two children walk into a homeless shelter. They are obviously starving, dirty, and the children are crying. The shelter attendant refuses them admittance, although there is
In a society organized around mechanical solidarity, which of the following tasks would you most likely engage in? prepare food, build homes, make clothing ✔️ ✔️ all of the above
society that depends on mechanization to produce its goods and services is called a(an) ✔️ ✔️ industrial
The analysis of how the "definition of the situation" can mold the thinking and personality of the individual is associated with the ✔️ ✔️ interactionist
. Which sociological perspective emphasizes that social roles contribute to a society's stability by enabling members to anticipate the behavior of others and to pattern their own actions accordingly? ✔️ ✔️ functionalism . Which sociological perspective would emphasize the role of reference groups in setting and enforcing standards of conduct and belief? ✔️ ✔️ conflict . Which sociological perspective might observe the division of labor among the staff members in a hospital emergency room and focus on how the allocation of responsibilities affects their relationships with one another? ✔️ ✔️ interactionist . Daniel Bell views postindustrial societies as consensual, because he believes that postindustrial societies are characterized by interest groups concerned with such national issues as health, education, and the environment working for the common good. Bell's view represents which sociological perspective? ✔️ ✔️ functionalist
3 Modern Theories ✔️ ✔️ Structural Functionalism (Macro) Conflict (Macro) Interactionist (Micro)
Structural Functionalism ✔️ ✔️ CONSENSUS theory
Social change occurs slowly Organism Metaphor- Society is like an organism Manifest Functions- stated purpose Latent Function- unintended functions Dysfunctions- element or process of an institution that disrupts stability
Conflict Perspective ✔️ ✔️ Dominance of some groups by others Change occurs rapidly Fighting over scarce resources Marxist view- Focus on social class
interactionist ✔️ ✔️ 3 basic premises
- people act toward things on the basis of meanings that things are given. (symbolism)
- People decide the significance of these things we act on things based on how we define the situation
scientific method ✔️ ✔️ define review hypothesis research design conclusion Future research
Quantitative research ✔️ ✔️ Macro level Conflict and Functionalism Goals
- Identify patterns
- Make predictions
- Test Social Theory Methods: Survey, content analysis, experiments, secondary data
