Implicature and Intro to Maxim, Slides of Linguistics

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Afif Dwi Wahyudi Angely Maulidywati Cantika Elena A Dewi Putri Gunanti G Jenny Elsiana Nurhikmah Jonio Ribeiro Roza Mawarni

Name of Group :

Cooperative Principles

(Cooperation, Implicature and

Cooperative Principles)

EXAMPLE

1.My house is big. 2.My car is beautiful.

“To show how meaning expressed by the speaker (speaker meaning), not directly encoded in the words, can be inferred (recognized) by the hearer.” —Grice (1975)- implicature

CONVENtIONAL

• (^) Associated with specific words and result in additional conveyed meaings when those words are used.
• (^) Not based on the cooperative principle or the maxims.
• (^) Not have to occur in conversation.

Example of

Conventional

1.Devian is poor but he is happy.

2.Even Bill likes Ma

EXAMPLES

A : Has Ricky eaten breakfast? B : The plate is empty. one can infer under the appropriate circumstances. based on shared assumptions between the interlocutors, that Ricky has eaten.

Cooperative Principles Grice’s Theory Paul Grice, an English language philosophe, argues that speakers intend to be cooperative when they talk. For Grice, cooperative means that the speaker knows that each utterance is a potential interference in the personal rights, autonomy and wishes ( a potential face-threatening act) of the other. Cooperative principle is a fundamental of conversation where the speaker is expected to reach the cooperation with listener.

Quality Maxim How old are you?^ 145! *actually 20

Tell the truth!

Quantity Maxim How old are you? Oh what a nice question! Well, my age is 1+1+1+1+1+ +2+3+1+1+4+ 1 Give maximum information with minimum effort

Manner Maxim How old are you? Am I 20 years old or 243 months old? And, when does life begin, anyway? Be clear and not obscure!

ANY

RELEVANCE

QUESTION(S