Higher education and life abroad of Jose Rizal | Lecture notes Advanced Education

HIGHER EDUCATION AND LIFE ABROAD OF RIZAL

SAN JUAN DE LETRAN – Dominican-owned college and a rival of Ateneo de Manila.

ATENEO MUNICIPAL – formerly known as Escuela Pia, a charity school for poor boys in Manila

which was established by 1817 and later became Ateneo de Manila.

Rizal took and passed the examination in COLLEGE OF SAN JUAN DE LETRAN but he enrolled in

ATENEO when he came back to Manila.

RIZAL ENTERS ATENEO

FATHER MAGIN FERRANDO (college registrar) – refused to admit Jose Rizal because: he was

late for registration and he was sickly and undersized for his age.

MANUEL XEREZ BURGOS – nephew of Father Burgos; Rizal was admitted to Ateneo because of

him.

RIZAL – surname used by Jose Rizal because Mercado became under suspicion by the Spanish

authorities.

MERCADO – surname used by Paciano.

TITAY – owner of the boarding house where Rizal boarded to settle the bill owed by Titay by about

Php 300.00

JESUIT SYSTEM OF EDUCATION

Reasons why Jesuit System was advance than other college:

oIt trained the character of students by rigid discipline and religious instruction.

oIt promotes physical culture, humanities and scientific studies.

oAside from academic courses leading to AB, it offers vocational course in agriculture,

commerce, mechanics and surveying.

oThey were given splendid professors.

oThey acquired prestige as an excellent college for boys.

TWO GROUPS OF STUDENT

Roman Empire (Internos/Boarders) – Red Flag

Carthaginian Empire (Externos/Non-boarders) – Blue Flag

5 RANKS

oEmperor

oTribune

oDecurion

oCenturion

oStandard Bearer

RAYADILLO – official uniform of Ateneo students

FATHER JOSE BECH – first teacher of Rizal in Ateneo

Rizal was placed as an externo but a week after he showed his progress and after a month he

became the emperor.

SANTA ISABEL COLLEGE – where Rizal took his Spanish lessons during recess and paid it for

Php 3.00

Rizal returned to Calamba for his vacation. Saturnina brought him to Tanawan to visit their mother

to cheer him up. After the vacation he returned to Ateneo for his second year. He is now living at

DOÑA PEPAY, an old landlady with widowed daughter and four sons.

SECOND YEAR IN ATENEO (1873-1874)

He again became an emperor; he also received excellent grades in all subjects and a gold medal.

At March 1874, he returned to Calamba for his vacation.

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HIGHER EDUCATION AND LIFE ABROAD OF RIZAL

 SAN JUAN DE LETRAN – Dominican-owned college and a rival of Ateneo de Manila.  ATENEO MUNICIPAL – formerly known as Escuela Pia, a charity school for poor boys in Manila which was established by 1817 and later became Ateneo de Manila.  Rizal took and passed the examination in COLLEGE OF SAN JUAN DE LETRAN but he enrolled in ATENEO when he came back to Manila. RIZAL ENTERS ATENEO  FATHER MAGIN FERRANDO (college registrar) – refused to admit Jose Rizal because: he was late for registration and he was sickly and undersized for his age.  MANUEL XEREZ BURGOS – nephew of Father Burgos; Rizal was admitted to Ateneo because of him.  RIZAL – surname used by Jose Rizal because Mercado became under suspicion by the Spanish authorities.  MERCADO – surname used by Paciano.  TITAY – owner of the boarding house where Rizal boarded to settle the bill owed by Titay by about Php 300. JESUIT SYSTEM OF EDUCATION  Reasons why Jesuit System was advance than other college: o It trained the character of students by rigid discipline and religious instruction. o It promotes physical culture, humanities and scientific studies. o Aside from academic courses leading to AB, it offers vocational course in agriculture, commerce, mechanics and surveying. o They were given splendid professors. o They acquired prestige as an excellent college for boys. TWO GROUPS OF STUDENT  Roman Empire (Internos/Boarders) – Red Flag  Carthaginian Empire (Externos/Non-boarders) – Blue Flag  5 RANKS o Emperor o Tribune o Decurion o Centurion o Standard Bearer  RAYADILLO – official uniform of Ateneo students  FATHER JOSE BECH – first teacher of Rizal in Ateneo  Rizal was placed as an externo but a week after he showed his progress and after a month he became the emperor.  SANTA ISABEL COLLEGE – where Rizal took his Spanish lessons during recess and paid it for Php 3.  Rizal returned to Calamba for his vacation. Saturnina brought him to Tanawan to visit their mother to cheer him up. After the vacation he returned to Ateneo for his second year. He is now living at DOÑA PEPAY , an old landlady with widowed daughter and four sons. SECOND YEAR IN ATENEO (1873-1874)  He again became an emperor; he also received excellent grades in all subjects and a gold medal. At March 1874, he returned to Calamba for his vacation.

PROPHECY OF MOTHER’S RELEASE

 Doña Teodora was released in the jail after 3 months like what Jose Rizal said.  ST. JOSEPH – Rizal was comparable because of his interpretation about his mother’s release. TEENAGE INTEREST IN READING  TWO FAVORITE NOVELS OF RIZAL o THE COUNT OF MONTE CRISTO by Alexander Dumas o TRAVEL IN THE PHILIPPINES by Feodor Jagor o UNIVERSAL HISTORY by Cesar Cantus

- he wishes to buy THIRD YEAR IN ATENEO (1874-1875)  He only got 1 medal in his Latin subject, then on March 1875 he returned to Calamba FOURTH YEAR IN ATENEO (1875-1876)  JUNE 16, 1875 – Rizal became an interne in Ateneo  FATHER FRANCISCO SANCHEZ – Rizal’s favorite teacher  Rizal won 5 medals and topped in all subjects and on March, 1876 he returned to Calamba.  Rizal became the pride of the Jesuits and he obtained highest grades in all subjects. He received the degree of Bachelor of Arts with highest honors during commencement exercise. EXTRA CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES IN ATENEO  He was an emperor and a campus leader outside.  Secretary of the Marian Congregation  Member of Academy of Spanish Literature  Member of Academy of Natural Sciences  FATHER JOSE VILLACLARA – advised Rizal to stop communing with the muses but to pay more attention to practical studies.  Rizal studied painting at AGUSTIN SAEZ and sculpture under ROMUALDO DE JESUS , a Filipino sculptor. SCULPTURAL WORKS IN ATENEO  THE VIRGIN MARY – he carved an image with Batikuling (Phil. Hardwood) with his pocket knife  FATHER LLEONART – requested Rizal to carved an image of SACRED HEART OF JESUS POEMS MADE BY RIZAL IN ATENEO  Doña Teodora was the first one to discover Rizal’s poetical talent while Fr. Sanchez helped Rizal to develop his talent.  Poems made by Rizal: o Mi Primera Inspiration (My First Inspiration) – dedicated to Rizal’s mother o Through Education Our Motherland Receives Light o The Intimate Alliance between Religion and Good Education o To the Child o To the Virgin Mary DRAMATIC WORK IN ATENEO  Father Sanchez requested Rizal to wrote a drama based with ST. EUSTACE THE MARTYR and on June 2, 1876, Rizal had finished the drama.

MEDICAL STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS (1877-1882)

 (1877-1878) – Rizal finishing the first year of a course in Philosophy and Letters. o He transferred to the medical course. MOTHER’S OPPOSITION TO HIGHER EDUCATION  Rizal had to go the University of Santo Tomas for higher studies.  The Bachelor of Arts course  Don Francisco and Paciano – they wanted Jose pursue higher learning in the university RIZAL ENTERS THE UNIVERSITY April 1877 - Rizal who was then nearly 16 years old, matriculated in the University of Santo Tomas, taking the course on Philosophy and Letters. Rizal enrolled in this course for 2 reasons:

His father liked it
He was “still uncertain as to what career to pursue.” Fr. Pablo Ramon – Rector of the Ateneo, who have been good to him during his student days in that college, asking for advice on the choice of a career. (1877-1878) – Rizal studied Cosmology, Metaphysics, Theodicy, and History of Philosophy in the University of Santo Tomas during his first-year term. (1878-1879) – Rizal took up the medical course. FINISHES SURVEYING COURSE IN ATENEO (1878) (1877-78) – Rizal took the vocational course leading to the title of Perito Agrimensor (Expert Surveyor). November 25, 1881 – At the age of 17 Rizal passed the final examination in the surveying course. Dominicans – who loves and inspires Rizal to ascend to greater heights of knowledge Leonor Valenzuela – Rizal met her when he was a sophomore student at the University of Santo Tomas. o She was a charming Manila girl who was living next door to Rizal’s boarding house. o Romances lasted one year Leonor Rivera – The beautiful daughter of his landlord Antonio Rivera. o Rizal’s fell in love with Leonor. o Sweetheart of Rizal o Tender romances lasted 11 years (1879-1890) Juventud Filipina (To the Filipino Youth) – Poem entitled by Rizal o The price winning poem 1879 – Liceo Artistic – Literario (Artistic- Literary Lyceum) of Manila – held the literary contest. VICTIMS OF SPANISH OFFICER’S BRUTALITY  Rizal was a freshman medical student at the University of Santo Tomas when he experiences Spanish brutality. General Primo de Rivera – Spanish governor general of the Philippines March 21, 1887 – a letter to Blumentritt.  Literary contest to commemorate the 4th^ centennial of the death of Cervantes. Don Quixote – Spain’s glorified man-of-letters and famous author  El consejo de los Dioses (the council of the God) OTHER LITERARY WORKS  Poems and Zarzuela (December 8,1880)

 Junto al Pasig  Sonnet entitled A Filipinas (1880)  Poem entitled Abd-el-Azis y Mahoma (1879)  Poem entitled Al M.R.P. Pablo Ramon  RIZAL’S VISIT TO PAKIL AND PAGSANJAN  Rizal still study in University of Santo Tomas.  Vicenta Ybardolaza- who skillfully played the harp at the Regalado home  Noli Me Tangere CHAMPION OF THE FILIPINO STUDENTS Companarism UNHAPPY AT THE UST

The Dominican professors were hostile with him
The Filipino students racially
The Filipino students against by experience
The method of instruction. El Filibusterismo DECISION TO STUDY ABROAD
Rizal decided to study in Spain

THREE ARTICLES FOR DIARYONG TAGALOG

 Amor Patrio (Love of Country)  Los Viajes (Travels)  Revista de Madrid (Review of Madrid) – it was returned to him because of financial reasons.  Then Rizal moves to Madrid. SAD NEWS FROM HOME  Spread of Cholera that was ravaging Manila and other provinces.  Leonor Rivera was getting thinner because of an absence of a loved one. LIFE IN MADRID  He enrolled at Universidad Central de Madrid (Central University of Madrid)  2 courses enrolled (Medicine, Philosophy & Letters)  Took lessons at the Academy of San Carlos (Painting & Sculpture)  He also took private lessons in (German, French & English) THEY ASKED ME FOR VERSES  Rizal joined the Circulo Hispano-Filipino which is a society of Spaniards and Filipino. Rizal was requested to create a poem which was declaimed upon December 31, 1882. RIZAL AS LOVER OF BOOKS  SEÑOR ROCES – owner of store where Rizal purchased 2 nd^ hand books.  Rizal was deeply affected by Beelchess Stowe’s “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” & Eugene Sue’s “The Wondering Jew”.  Rizal also visited Paris for the first time and he said that “Paris is the costliest capital in Europe.” RIZAL BECOMES A MASON  Rizal got contacts with the Liberal and Republican Masons.  In 1883, he joined the Masonic Lodge Acacia in Madrid adopting the Masonic name Dimas-Alang. REASONS WHY HE JOINED MASONRY  The bad friars in the Philippines, by their abuses unworthy of their priestly habit, drove Rizal to desperation and to masonry.  He needed to help the masons to fight the bad friars in the Philippines.  Upon November 15, 1892 he became the master mason of Lodge Solidaridad and on February 15, 1892 he became the master mason of Le Grand De Orient France in Paris. TWO TITANS OF THE BRUSH  Juan Luna – 1st^ price for his Spoliarium, he received as gold medal.  Felix Hidalgo - 2nd^ price for his Christian Virgins Expose to the Populace. TWO COURSES FINISHED IN MADRID  Doctor of Medicine  Licentiate of Philosophy and Letters

PARIS TO BERLIN 1885 – 1887

Rizal went to Paris and Germany in order to specialize in ophthalmology. He chose this branch because he wanted to cure his mother’s eye ailment. IN GAY PARIS (1885-86)  After studying at the Central University of Madrid, Rizal, who was then 24 years old, went to Paris to acquire more knowledge in ophthalmology.  Maximo Viola – a medical student and a member of a rich family of San Miguel, Bulacan.  Señor Eusebio Corominas – editor of La Publicidad.  Rizal gave Editor Corominas an article on the Carolines Question.  Don Miguel Morayta – owner of La Publicidad and a statesman.  November 1885 – Rizal was living in Paris.  He worked as an assistant to Dr. Louis de Weckert , a leading French ophthalmologist.  Juan Luna – great master of the brush; Rizal helped him by posing as model in Luna’s paintings.  “The Death of Cleopatra” – where Rizal posed as an Egyptian priest.  “The Blood Compact” – Rizal posed as Sikatuna. RIZAL AS MUSICIAN  Rizal had no natural aptitude for music, and this he admitted. He studied music only because many of his schoolmates at Ateneo were taking music lessons.  He told Enrique Lete that he “learned the solfeggio, piano, and voice culture in one month and a half”.  He is also a flutist.  Some of his compositions are:  Alin Mang Lahi (Any Race) – a pariotic song which asserts that any race aspires for freedom.  La Deportacion (Deportation) – a sad danza, composed in Dapitan. IN HISTORIC HEIDELBERG  February 3, 1886 – Rizal arrived in Heidelberg, a historic city in Germany famous for its old university and romantics surroundings.  He became popular among the Germans because they found out that he was a good chess player.  He worked at the University Eye Hospital under the direction of Dr. Otto Becker, distinguished  German ophthalmologist. “TO THE FLOWERS OF HEIDELBERG”  April 22, 1886 – Rizal wrote a fine poem entitled “A Las Flores de Heidelberg” (To the Flowers of Heidelberg) because he was fascinated by the blooming flowers along the Neckar River, which is the light blue flower called “forget-me-not”. WITH PASTOR ULLMER AT WILHELMSFELD  Rizal spent a three-month summer vacation at Wilhelmsfeld where he stayed at the place of a Protestant pastor, Dr. Karl Ullmer.  The pastor has a wife and two children named Etta and Fritz. FIRST LETTER TO BLUMENTRITT  July 31, 1886 – Rizal wrote his first letter to Professor Ferdinand Blumentritt who is the Director of the Ateneo of Leitmeritz, Austria.  Blumentritt is an Austrian ethnologist and he has an interest in the Philippine language.

 He lived in poverty because no money arrived from Calamba and he was flat broke.  He could not pay his landlord and he was eating only one meal a day.  His clothes were old and threadbare.  His health broke down due to lack of proper nourishment.  This is one of the most memorable days in the life of Rizal.

Higher education and life abroad of Jose Rizal, Lecture notes of Advanced Education

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Partial preview of the text

Download Higher education and life abroad of Jose Rizal and more Lecture notes Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity!

HIGHER EDUCATION AND LIFE ABROAD OF RIZAL

PROPHECY OF MOTHER’S RELEASE

MEDICAL STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS (1877-1882)

THREE ARTICLES FOR DIARYONG TAGALOG

PARIS TO BERLIN 1885 – 1887