Quezon, Britney Kim E.
NCM 120 Emergency Nursing
DISASTER PEPAREDNESS
Disaster Management Continuum
1. Planning and preparedness Phase
2. Migration Phase
3. Response Phase
4. Recovery Phase
5. Evaluation Phase
Pre-impact
• Planning/preparedness
• Prevention
• Warning
Impact
• Response
• Emergency Mat.
• Mitigation
Post-impact
• Recovery
• Rehabilitation
• Reconstruction
• Evaluation
NA: Pre-impact
1. Developing Community Disaster Plans
2. Participating in Community Risk Assessment
3. Initiate disaster prevention measures
4. Perform disaster drills
5. Identify educational & training needs
6. Develop disaster nursing databases for notification,
mobilization, & triage
7. Develop evaluation plans for all components of Disaster
Nursing Response
NA: Impact
1. Activate Disaster Response Plan
2. Mitigate all ongoing hazards
3. Activate agency disaster plans
4. Establish need for mutual aid relationships
5. Integrate available resources
6. Ongoing triage & provision of nursing care
7. Evaluate Public Health needs
8. Establish safe shelter, adequate food & water
9. Provide sanitation needs
10. Establish disease surveillance
11. Establish vector control
12. Evaluate need for additional nursing staff
NA: Post-Impact
1. Continue provision of nursing care
2. Continue disease surveillance
3. Monitor the safety of food & water
4. Withdraw from the disaster scene
5. Restore the public health structure
6. Re-triage and transport of patients in appropriate level care
facilities
7. Reunite family members
8. Monitor long-term physical & mental outcomes of survivors
9. Provide counseling & debriefing
10. Provide staff with adequate time off for rest
11. Evaluate nursing response actions
12. Revise original disaster preparedness plan
TYPES OF DISASTER PLANNING
Agent-Specific Approach VS All Hazards Approach
Challenges to Disaster Planning
• Communication
• Delivery of Resources
• Advance Warning Systems
• Evacuation
• Mass Media
• Comprehensive Disaster Plan
• Information System
Methods for Data Collection
1. Hazard Identification & Mapping
2. Risk Assessment
3. Vulnerability Analysis
Hazard Identification & Mapping
- determine which events are most likely to affect a
community and to make decisions about who or what
to protect as the basis of establishing measures for
prevention, mitigation, and response
Vulnerability Analysis
- determine who is most likely to be affected, the property
most likely to be damaged or destroyed, and the
capacity of the community to deal with the effects of
the disaster
Risk Assessment
- determine the probability of a specified outcome from a
given hazard that affects a community with known
vulnerabilities and coping mechanisms (risk equals
hazard times vulnerability). The probability may be
presented as a numerical range (i.e., 30% to 40%
probability) or in relative terms (i.e., low, moderate, or
high risk)
- Determining a community's risk of adverse health effects
due to a specified disaster
- Identifying the major hazards facing the community and
their sources
- Identifying those sections of the community most likely to
be affected by a particular hazard
- Determining existing measures and resources that
reduce the impact of a given hazard
- Determining areas that require strengthening to prevent
or mitigate the effects of the hazard
Hazard Analysis: Natural Events VS Technological Events
• drought
• landslide
• hurricane
• communication disruption
• hazardous material release
• explosion
• lightning storm
• biological event
• power/utility failure
