Docsity
Log inSign up
Docsity
Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips
Sell on Docsity
Sell on Docsity
Log inSign up

Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Find documents

Prepare for your exams with the study notes shared by other students like you on Docsity

Search Store documents

The best documents sold by students who completed their studies

Search through all study resources
Docsity AINEW

Summarize your documents, ask them questions, convert them into quizzes and concept maps

Explore questions

Clear up your doubts by reading the answers to questions asked by your fellow students

Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Share documents
download point icon20 Points

For each uploaded document

Answer questions
download point icon5 Points

For each given answer (max 1 per day)

All the ways to get free points
Get points immediately

Choose a premium plan with all the points you need

Study Opportunities

Choose your next study program

Get in touch with the best universities in the world. Search through thousands of universities and official partners

Community

Ask the community

Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts

University Rankings

Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users

Free resources

Our save-the-student-ebooks!

Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors

From our blog

Exams and Study
Go to the blog

Integrated Pest Management: HRCs, Behavioral Control, and Genetic Approaches, Exercises of Pest Management

The LNM Institute of Information TechnologyPest Management

The benefits and concerns of using herbicide resistant crops (hrcs) in integrated pest management (ipm). It also explores behavioral control methods, focusing on pheromones, allomones, and kairomones, as well as genetic controls such as sterilization, conditional lethal releases, and hybrid sterility. Examples of pheromone and allomone usage, and discusses the challenges and advantages of each approach.

Typology: Exercises

2012/2013

Uploaded on 08/31/2013

jaee
jaee 🇮🇳

4.7

(22)

101 documents

1 / 10

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
Benefits/Concerns Over HRC
• Benefits
– Simplifies weed management
– Speeds adoption of reduced tillage systems
– Overall reduction in pest losses
• Concerns
– Will eventually create herbicide-resistant weeds
– Unknown pleiotropic effects
– Regulatory/marketing issues
– Over-reliance on them will prematurely end their usefulness
Using HPR in IPM
• As a stand-alone tactic
– Objective is to preserve the resistance; emphasis on deployment strategy
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa

Partial preview of the text

Download Integrated Pest Management: HRCs, Behavioral Control, and Genetic Approaches and more Exercises Pest Management in PDF only on Docsity!

Benefits/Concerns Over HRC

  • Benefits
    • Simplifies weed management
    • Speeds adoption of reduced tillage systems
    • Overall reduction in pest losses
  • Concerns
    • Will eventually create herbicide-resistant weeds
    • Unknown pleiotropic effects
    • Regulatory/marketing issues
    • Over-reliance on them will prematurely end their usefulness

Using HPR in IPM

  • As a stand-alone tactic
    • Objective is to preserve the resistance; emphasis on deployment strategy
  • Integrated with other tactics
    • Crop rotation: if HRC’s are used, must rotate both for pest and herbicide type.
    • Pesticides: Emphasize measures to prevent pesticide resistance (lower doses, frequency)
    • Biological control: Conflicts do occur
    • Action Thresholds: Whenever there is significant, cultivar-specific variation in yield response to a pest, action thresholds should be re-examined

Behavioral Control

  • Your Text Follows This Outline:
    • Vision-based tactics
    • Auditory-based tactics
    • Olfaction-based tactics
    • Food-based tactics
  • Lecture Will Follow This Outline
  • Relatively simple chemistry enables synthetic versions.
  • Three main uses in IPM:
    • Monitoring one sex
    • Mass trapping sexually active adults
    • Interfering with mating
  • A few “Anti-pheromones” are now available. Future use unknown. Here’s an example.

Pheromone Disperser Examples

Kairomone Usage

  • Most are attractants used as baits to attract pests to traps or bait stations. Examples: - Curbitacin & cucumber beetles - CO 2 and mosquitoes
  • Protein hydrolysates and fruit flies
  • Normally attract both males & females
  • “Attracticide” – lure mixed with toxin

Allomone Usage

  • Mostly used as repellents
    • DEET
    • Neem extracts
  • Many are experimental & their use is still only a promise
    • Plant attractants for biocontrol agents
    • Feeding deterrents
  • All have short residual activities
  • Conditional Lethal Releases – Released individuals carry lethal genes
  • Hybrid sterility – Progeny will be non-viable
  • Other – To be developed

1. Sterile Insect Technique (SIT)

  • Steps: 1. Mass rear pest, 2. Sterilize males, 3. Flood area with these males, 4. Females will mostly mate with sterile males
  • Uses one of two sterilization techniques
    • Nuclear
    • Chemical
  • Many successes
  • Most famous application was the screwworm eradication.

Progression of Screwworm Eradication

Requirements for SIT

  • Works best on population with low fecundity
  • Five Conditions
    • Must be able to treat entire population
    • Sterilization cannot debilitate males
    • Releases must mix sterile males well
    • Females should only mate once
    • Must sustain high ratio of sterile:wild males

2. Conditional Lethal Release

  • Incompatible strains can be generated through several ways
    • Direct genetic manipulation
    • Microbially-mediated (Cytoplasmic Incompatibility)

Example: Wolbachia in lower flies

For Next Wednesday

  • IPM in KY Peppers
  • See Readings for Additional Items
  • Read Chapter 15, Physical & Mechanical Tactics