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CMCP QUESTIONS - SECTION 2 (INSURANCE) QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS 2025.docx
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What is a building' most valuable asset? - ANSWER- Tenants Fair rent calculations may apply to options to do what? - ANSWER- Renew, expand, and periodic rental increases What will the fair market rental value generally be based on? - ANSWER- Comparable leases of comparable space What is comparable space? - ANSWER- The comparable space must be in a building and area comparable to the premises. (geographically, highly prominent space, age of the building, configuration of a center, type of tenants in the building, premium amenities) In making rent comparisons for a ground lease, it is important to state whether the premises will be appraised as what? - ANSWER- Vacant land or as improved and whether applicable zoning and other private/governmental restrictions will be considered What does CAM mean? - ANSWER- Common Area Maintenance What is a gross lease? - ANSWER- Tenant pays only base rent and landlord pays for all OpEx. Used in many office leases, especially older buildings What is a modified gross lease? - ANSWER- Items spelled out that require additional payment by Tenant. Typically utilities and real estate taxes are excluded. Used in many suburban office leases.
What is a single-net lease? - ANSWER- Base rent is paid to landlord and included OpEx incurred by the landlord. Tenant pays property taxes separately. Was commonly used for industrial buildings/warehouses in the 70s and 80s but not as common today. What is a double-net lease? (net-net) - ANSWER- Base rent is paid to the landlord and includes OpEx. Tenant pays property taxes and insurance separately. Was commonly used for industrial buildings/warehouses in the 70s and 80s but not as common today. What is a triple-net lease? (net-net-net) - ANSWER- Rental payments are base rent paid to landlord and do not include OpEx. Landlord undertakes management of property at the tenant's expense. First used with single-tenant buildings but now common with large portfolio landlords, especially in urban markets What is an absolute net lease? - ANSWER- Similar to triple-net with even more items being paid for by the tenant. All cost of owning, maintaining and operating the building paid for by the tenant and usually paid directly to the providers of the services. Almost always used in a single- tenant building and in cases where the lease is primarily a financing tool What is a ground lease? - ANSWER- Tenant is simply leasing the ground. Tenant is normally responsible for all costs associated with the ownership of the ground, as well as building and maintaining the structure. Often seen for retail pad sites or as alternative to a property sale. What is the basic premise of the net lease? - ANSWER- The building expenses, in addition to the base rent, are paid for by the tenant, which conveys the risk of year-over-year OpEx to the tenant When does rental obligation begin? - ANSWER- On the commencement date stated in the lease, even if occupancy does not take place on that date What is commonly described in the additional rent clause? - ANSWER- Expense pass-through What do pass-through calculations represent? - ANSWER- An agreement between the tenant and owner concerning a method of increasing rent and/or operating costs in addition to the CPI increase
plan also shows which suites are vacant and indicates scheduled expiration dates of tenant leases What are the three basic varieties of tenant billings? - ANSWER- Base rent, additional rent (CPI increases, stepped rent, expense escalations, and common are OpEx charges), and Miscellaneous or other charges What is the past due time frame on an aged accounts receivable report? - ANSWER- 30 days, 60 days, 90 days, and 120- plus days late CPI - ANSWER- Consumer price index What does CPI stand for? - ANSWER- An index generated by the Bureau of Labor statistics (BLS) that measures "the prices paid by urban consumers for a representative basket of goods and services" How is CPI used in commercial real estate? - ANSWER- As an attempt to fairly increase or decrease the rent required to be paid by a tenant to correspond with changes in national or regional inflation Current index - base index / base index = - ANSWER- index adjustment multiplier (201.5 - 194.6) / 194.6 = 0.0355 x 100 = 3.55% What are the types of lease termination? - ANSWER- Surrender and abondonment Operation of law Breach of lease Constructive eviction What is a surrender of lease? - ANSWER- When a tenant turns over possession of the property to the landlord either voluntarily or upon demand
When can a surrender of lease occur? - ANSWER- When term expires, when parties desire to terminate relationship early, when one or both parties have acted so inconsistently with the lease term that court declares lease surrendered What does an abandonment imply? - ANSWER- Tenant's occupancy has ended When can termination by operation of law occur? - ANSWER- When the lease term expires and the tenant delivers possession of the leased premises back to the landlord When can constructive eviction occur? - ANSWER- When a landlord deprives a tenant of the use and enjoyment of the premises, and the tenant chooses to leave, the tenant is considered to be constructively evicted What are the 3 most common formats for lease abstracts? - ANSWER- 1. part of lease document (cover page, "short" version)