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Chapterone to chapterfive test bank, Exams of Business Ethics

AMET UniversityBusiness Ethics

Business ethics test bank ch1-5

Typology: Exams

2019/2020

Uploaded on 09/27/2020

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Chapter 01 Understanding Ethics Answer Key
True / False Questions
1. The field of ethics is the study of how people try to live their lives according to a standard of
"right" or "wrong" behavior.
TRUE
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 01-01 Define ethics.
2. A society is a closed, confined unit in which people have to follow a distinct religion.
FALSE
Society refers to a structured community of people bound together by similar traditions and
customs.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 01-01 Define ethics.
3. Moral standards are independent of religious beliefs.
FALSE
Moral standards are principles based on religious, cultural, or philosophical beliefs by which
judgments are made about good or bad behavior.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.
4. Jason is a high-school senior whose peers are into drugs. He also has a family history of
substance abuse. This will have no impact on his moral standards.
FALSE
A strict family upbringing or religious education would obviously have a direct impact on
individuals' personal moral standards. These standards would then provide a moral
compass (a sense of personal direction) to guide the individuals in the choices they make in
their lives.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: 3 Hard
Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.
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Chapter 01 Understanding Ethics Answer Key

True / False Questions

  1. The field of ethics is the study of how people try to live their lives according to a standard of "right" or "wrong" behavior. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-01 Define ethics.
  2. A society is a closed, confined unit in which people have to follow a distinct religion. FALSE Society refers to a structured community of people bound together by similar traditions and customs. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-01 Define ethics.
  3. Moral standards are independent of religious beliefs. FALSE Moral standards are principles based on religious, cultural, or philosophical beliefs by which judgments are made about good or bad behavior. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.
  4. Jason is a high-school senior whose peers are into drugs. He also has a family history of substance abuse. This will have no impact on his moral standards. FALSE A strict family upbringing or religious education would obviously have a direct impact on individuals' personal moral standards. These standards would then provide a moral compass (a sense of personal direction) to guide the individuals in the choices they make in their lives. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Apply Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.
  1. Individuals acquire their personal moral standards in the same way that they learn the alphabet. FALSE Individuals do not acquire their personal moral standards in the same way that they learn the alphabet. Standards of ethical behavior are absorbed by osmosis as individuals observe the examples (both positive and negative) set by everyone around them—parents, family members, friends, peers, and neighbors. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.
  2. Standards of ethical behavior are absorbed by osmosis as individuals observe the examples, both positive and negative, set by everyone around them. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.
  3. The term "morals" is applied to a society, while the term "values" is used when referring to an individual. FALSE The terms "morals" and "values" are often used to mean the same thing—a set of personal principles by which individuals aim to live their lives. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.
  4. A value system refers to a set of personal principles formalized into a code of behavior. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.
  5. An intrinsic value means that the pursuit of one value is a good way to reach another value. FALSE
  1. Every religion in the world shares the Golden Rule. FALSE The Golden Rule is simple and very clear rule shared by many different religions in the world like Buddhism, Christianity, and Hinduism but not all the religions. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.
  2. Virtue ethics is the concept of living your life according to the similar virtues of different societies. FALSE Virtue ethics refers to the concept of living one's life according to a commitment to the achievement of a clear ideal. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand opposing ethical theories and their limitations.
  3. The problem with virtue ethics is that societies can place different emphasis on different virtues. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand opposing ethical theories and their limitations.
  4. Ethics for the greater good is also referred to as utilitarianism. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand opposing ethical theories and their limitations.
  5. The problem with ethics for the greater good is the idea that the ends justify the means. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand opposing ethical theories and their limitations.
  1. The problem with utilitarianism is the focus on doing the most good for a select few, such as Adolf Hitler and his idea of launching a national genocide against Jews on the ethical grounds of restoring the Aryan race. FALSE The problem with the approach of utilitarianism to ethics is the idea that the ends justify the means. The 20th^ century witnessed one of the most extreme examples of this when Adolf Hitler and his Nazi party launched a national genocide against Jews and "defective" people on the utilitarian grounds of restoring the Aryan race. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand opposing ethical theories and their limitations.
  2. The concept of universal ethics argues that there are certain principles that should apply to a select few ethical judgments. FALSE Universal ethics refers to actions that are taken out of duty and obligation to a purely moral ideal rather than based on the needs of the situation, since the universal principles are seen to apply to everyone, everywhere, all the time. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand opposing ethical theories and their limitations.
  3. The problem with universal ethics is the idea that the ends justify the means. FALSE The problem with the universal ethics approach is the reverse of the weakness in ethics for the greater good. If all one focuses on is abiding by a universal principle, no one is accountable for the consequences of the actions taken to abide by those principles. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand opposing ethical theories and their limitations.
  4. Ethical relativism is where the traditions of one's society, one‘s personal opinions, and the circumstances of the present moment define one's ethical principles. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-04 Discuss ethical relativism.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain an ethical dilemma and apply a process to resolve it.

  1. The first step in resolving an ethical dilemma is to analyze the actions. FALSE The first step in resolving an ethical dilemma is to analyze the consequences. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain an ethical dilemma and apply a process to resolve it.
  2. Due to aggressive competition, Amanda feels pressured to copy an assignment from a friend and the Internet to get good grades. She feels the professor would not be able to figure out what she did. With this ethical dilemma, the first thing Amanda must do is analyze her actions without thinking about consequences. FALSE The first step in resolving an ethical dilemma is to analyze the consequences. Amanda must analyze the consequences first. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Apply Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain an ethical dilemma and apply a process to resolve it.
  3. The final step in solving an ethical dilemma is to make a decision. TRUE The final step in solving an ethical dilemma is to make a decision. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain an ethical dilemma and apply a process to resolve it.
  4. Arthur Dobrin identified 15 questions that one should consider when resolving an ethical dilemma. FALSE Arthur Dobrin identified eight questions that one should consider when resolving an ethical dilemma. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain an ethical dilemma and apply a process to resolve it.
  1. The process of ethical reasoning involves looking at the available information and then drawing conclusions based on that information in relation to an individual's own ethical standards. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain an ethical dilemma and apply a process to resolve it.
  2. Preconventional is the lowest level of Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of ethical reasoning. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain an ethical dilemma and apply a process to resolve it.
  3. At the lowest level of moral development, a person's response to a perception of right and wrong is initially directly linked to the expectation of punishment or reward. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain an ethical dilemma and apply a process to resolve it.
  4. The last stage of Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of ethical reasoning is conventional. FALSE The last stage of Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of ethical reasoning is postconventional. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain an ethical dilemma and apply a process to resolve it.
  5. The third stage of Kohlberg's stages of ethical reasoning is law-and-order orientation. FALSE The third stage of Kohlberg's stages of ethical reasoning is "good boy/nice girl" orientation. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain an ethical dilemma and apply a process to resolve it.

"right" or "wrong" behavior. A. metaphilosop hy B. ethic s C. aesthetic s D. epistemolo gy Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-01 Define ethics.

  1. Society refers to a(n): A. environment that does not mention acceptable standard of good and bad behavior. B. closed, confined unit in which people have to follow a distinct religion. C. group of individuals who share similar psychological order and community resources. D. structured community of people bound together by similar traditions and customs. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-01 Define ethics.
  2. Amanda and Ross have been chosen to go to Ethiopia for their university's International Student Exchange Program. They read about the beliefs, attitudes, practices, norms, traditions, cuisine, and music of Ethiopia to better adapt to the place. Amanda and Ross are reading about the _____ aspect of Ethiopia. A. cultur al B. economic al

C. politic al D. philosophic al Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Apply Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.

  1. Which of the following will most likely influence the moral standards of an individual? A. The change of government in the individual's home country B. A strict family upbringing C. The attitude of people in the neighboring country D. An opportunity to learn a foreign language Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.
  2. Which of the following statements describe the terms "morals" and "values"? A. They are used to define a society and not an individual. B. The term "morals" is used to refer to an individual, while the term "values" is used in the context of a society. C. They are often used to mean the same thing. D. The term "values" refers to religious judgments, while the term "morals" refer to coded behavior. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.

D. healt h Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.

  1. Riley was granted the title of Doctor of Medicine by a medical school in Ohio. His parents were extremely happy and content with his achievement. The worth attached to the feelings experienced by Riley's parents is an example of _____. A. unconventional value B. intrinsic value C. instrumental value D. extrinsic value Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Apply Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.
  2. The quality by which the pursuit of one value is a good way to reach another value is known as _____. A. intrinsic value B. extrinsic norm C. instrumental value D. traditional norm Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.
  1. Identify an example of instrumental value. A. Mone y B. Self- respect C. Happines s D. Healt h Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.
  2. Which of the following scenarios exemplifies instrumental value? A. Victoria possesses half a million in her bank account. B. Eighty-year-old Mathew exercises on a daily basis and is in good health. C. Tia's son won his first spelling bee competition which made her extremely happy. D. Fernando is upset with his poor SAT scores. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Apply Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.
  3. The difference between intrinsic value and instrumental value is that: A. as opposed to instrumental value, intrinsic value refers to the adoption of those standards that are ultimately unique to a society. B. as opposed to intrinsic value, instrumental value refers to the quality by which the pursuit of one value is a good way to reach another value. C. as opposed to intrinsic value, instrumental value refers to the quality by which a value is a good thing in itself and is pursued for its own sake, whether anything comes from that
  1. Which of the following best illustrates the concept of simple truth? A. Ronald lives a life true to his moral standards and is considered the ideal son by his parents. B. Jonathan's personal value system helps him to stay away from simple conflicts. C. Amelia believes that murder is wrong, a view supported by most people. D. Cathy always gives equal respect to all irrespective of whether they are younger or older than her. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Apply Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.
  2. Which of the following exemplifies the rules of appropriate individual behavior? A. Jamie had a strict family upbringing that had major impact on his personal moral standards. B. Mitchell had never lied to her parents or done anything without their consent. C. Damian always reaches the workplace before time and is always the last one to leave. D. Alice travels to different countries for work and conducts herself according to the culture of the country she visits. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Apply Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.
  3. Alison Anderson, the CEO of Anderson Inc., laid the foundation for an apt professional behavior in her workplace. She is honest, aware, and sensitive and is considered a role model by young entrepreneurs. Which of the following basic categories of ethics is depicted in this scenario? A. Simple truth B. Rules of differentiation

C. Personal integrity D. Rules of appropriate behavior for a community or society Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Apply Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.

  1. Which of the following statements accurately explains the basic categories of ethics? A. A question of someone's personal character, his or her integrity, is not one of the basic categories of ethics. B. Personal integrity, a category of ethics, looks at ethics from an external rather than an internal viewpoint. C. Simple truth is an assumption of the four basic categories of ethics. D. Rules of appropriate behavior for a community or society are only applicable to closed societies. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.
  2. "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you" explains the _____. A. Golden Rule B. simple truth C. virtue ethics D. Rule of rescue Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-02 Explain the role of values in ethical decision making.

B. The Golden Rule C. Ethical relativism D. Virtue ethics Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand opposing ethical theories and their limitations.

  1. The problem with virtue ethics is that: A. it is based on consequentialism. B. societies are formed according to the Golden Rule. C. societies can place different emphasis on different virtues. D. it is based on the idea that the ends justify the means. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand opposing ethical theories and their limitations.
  2. Ethics for the greater good or _____ is an approach more focused on the outcome of one's actions rather than the apparent virtue of the actions themselves. A. utilitarianis m B. normative ethics C. worldcentris m D. virtue ethics Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember

Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand opposing ethical theories and their limitations.

  1. Ethical choices that offer the greatest good for the greatest number of people are referred to as _____. A. virtue ethics B. normative ethics C. ethical relativism D. utilitarianis m Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand opposing ethical theories and their limitations.
  2. The problem with a utilitarian approach to ethics is: A. the differing attitudes of various societies to the Golden Rule. B. the idea that the ends justify the means. C. that societies can place different emphasis on different virtues. D. that not everyone is committed to doing the right thing. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand opposing ethical theories and their limitations.
  3. In the context of _____, actions are taken out of duty and obligation to a purely moral ideal rather than based on the needs of a situation. A. normative ethics