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Stress Concentrations: Circular and Elliptic Holes, Exercises of Stress Analysis

Stress concentrations in structures, which can arise from various sources such as abrupt changes in section properties, contact stresses, material discontinuities, initial stresses due to manufacturing processes, and cracks. analytical solutions for stress concentration factors for circular and elliptic holes in infinite plates under uniaxial load. It also explores the effects of stresses applied in both x and y directions and the worst combination of stresses. The document also mentions the use of elliptic coordinates for analyzing stresses in ellipse holes.

What you will learn

  • What are the sources of stress concentrations in structures?
  • What happens to the stress concentration factor for an elliptic hole when the crack length approaches zero?

Typology: Exercises

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/27/2022

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Chapter 14: Stress concentrations
Locally high stresses can arise due to
Abrupt changes in section properties (hole, corner)
Contact stresses (bearing, gear, etc)
Material discontinuities
Initial stresses due to manufacturing process
–Cracks
Structure is often designed without considering
them followed by local fixes
Instead we often assume some defects of given
size as safety measure
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Chapter 14: Stress concentrations • Locally high stresses can arise due to^ – Abrupt changes in section properties (hole, corner)^ – Contact stresses (bearing, gear, etc)^ – Material discontinuities^ – Initial stresses due to manufacturing process^ – Cracks • Structure is often designed without consideringthem followed by local fixes • Instead we often assume some defects of givensize as safety measure

Stress concentration factor

n

S^ c

σ^ maxσ

•^ Maximum over average(nominal stress)

  • Nominal stress

n

P^ A

σ^

For

circular hole can find analytical

solution

•^ At

θ^ =

•^ Maximum at

r^ =

a

•^ What will happen if stresses are applied both x-and y-directions?•^ What would be the worst combination of stresses?

a^

a

r^

r

σ^

⎛^

=^

+^

⎜^

⎝^

(max)

(^

)^

r^

a

θθ

θθ

=^

=^

Elliptic hole

•^ Where curvilinear coordinates pay off •^ Infinite plate stressed perpendicular to major axis

Stress concentration for ellipse

-^ Stress components:•^ At the hole surface (

α^ =

α,^0

σαα

= 0):

-^ Max stress at

β^ = 0:

⎡^ ⎢ ⎣

2 cos

cosh

sinh)

1 (^

0 0

2 2

α α ββ αα

e

e

⎡^ ⎢ ⎣

=^

2 cos

cosh

sinh)

0

0 2 2

0 0 0

β α

α

σ σ

α α αα ββ

e

e

0 tanh

b a α^ =

(max)^

0

2

(^

2 coth

)

1

a b

σ^ ββ

σ

α^

⎛^ σ

=^

+^

=^

+⎜

⎟ ⎝^

What will happen fora circular hole?Crack?

SCF for grooves, holes, and fillets

Reading assignment

Sections 15.1-2: For a thin-wall cylinder what combinations ofloading and cracks would produce mode I, mode II, andmode III fracture?^ Source: www.library.veryhelpful.co.uk/ Page11.htm