Brain Drain In Pakistan-Management Practices-Presentation, Slides of Management Fundamentals

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 A brain drain or human capital flight is an emigration of trained and talented individuals ("human capital") to other nations or developed countries.

 Brain drain can occur either when individuals who study abroad and complete their education do not return to their home country, or when individuals educated in their home country emigrate for higher wages or better opportunities.

 Migration of people as a phenomenon differs from country to country and from time to time.

 Migration of HQM (Highly Qualified Manpower) from LDCs may be due to several different sets of underlying social, political and economic forces.

 The main crux of the matter is that emigrants as they enter developed countries are often in the most productive phase of his professional life and by the time they returns back.

 In terms of countries, the reasons may be social environment (in source countries: lack of opportunities, political instability, economic depression, health risks; in host countries: rich opportunities, comparatively good political system, developed economy, better living conditions).

 In terms of individual reasons, there are family influence overseas relatives, and personal preference for exploring, ambition for an improved career etc.

 Living conditions in society

a) where life is more interesting and more pleasant b) Discrimination by the public

 Political situation

a) Government controls b) Nationalist feelings of respondent

 Insecurity of life & future.  Hunger and poverty.  Political instability.  Low wage/salary.  Injustice (discrimination in appointment and promotion).  Population  Negative role of media.  Better career expectation.

Stable currency

Political stability

Fair tax system

The “brain drain” has been on our consciousness for over 35 years. Pakistan has steadily exported some of its brightest youngsters. From the early 1970s onwards, a large fraction of the graduating class from top most universities has left Pakistan. In earlier decades, the big decisions that individuals made were at age 20 and at age 25. At age 20, a young person decided whether he wanted to study abroad. At age 25, he decided whether he wanted to return back.

“Globalization “has reduced the differences between countries, so that the skills of a good doctor or a good futures trader or a good economist are highly portable across the globe.

Pakistan can become superpower but it depends on peoples attitudes. if this brain drain is in the form of cycle i think there would not be any problem if they assure to come back to their own how country. may be the talents , work they used in other country may saturate but the resources he has is always remains .if he could apply the work in Pakistan there will be a good future. So i request as per human rights and liberty everyone has to move as they wish but they should be think about their home country. so attitudes are more important rather than the money, pride etc instead of enjoying the fruits in other country why don't he enjoy in his own land