A Level History
OCR History A H505
(AS H105)
Unit Y136
British Period Study and Enquiry.
1485-1558: The Early Tudors
Booklet 1: Henry VII: 1485-1509
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Henry VII's Claim to the Throne and His Government: Challenges and Solutions, Study notes of History
An educational resource for students to learn about Henry VII's claim to the throne, the challenges he faced, and how he retained control over the country. tasks and reading challenges to engage students in the learning process. It covers topics such as Henry's family tree, threats to his rule, the need to reduce the power of the nobility, and Henry's restoration of royal authority in the regions.
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A Level History
OCR History A H
(AS H105)
Unit Y
British Period Study and Enquiry.
1485 - 1558: The Early Tudors
Booklet 1: Henry VII: 1485 - 1509
Topic Booklet section completed
Assessment marks/ grades
Revision materials created
Confidence?
- ./
The government of Henry and threats to his rule
Henry’s claim to the throne. Yorkist opposition; Lovel, Stafford and Suffolk, the Pretenders, Simnel and Warbeck. Relations with the nobility; rewards and punishments.
Royal finances and their administration, opposition to taxation in Yorkshire and Cornwall. Administration, the personnel, Councils, local government and parliament. Henry VII’s Foreign Policy England’s position in Europe in 1485 and Henry VII’s aims. Relations with Burgundy, France, Scotland and Spain. Treaties of Medina del Campo, Redon, Etaples, and Ayton. Marriage negotiations; trade agreements, including Magnus Intercuses and Malus Intercuses. Henry VIII and Wolsey Henry VIII’s personality Henry VIII’s role in government to 1529. Aims and policies in foreign affairs to 1529. Wolsey’s administration of government, finances, law and social reforms; the church and its condition under Wolsey, the divorce and Wolsey’s fall. The Reign of Henry VIII after 1529 Religious change and opposition Religious legislation in the 1530s and 1540s, the Dissolution of the Monasteries and the Pilgrimage of Grace. The rise and fall of Thomas Cromwell. The extent of Henry VIII’s role in government in the 1540s. Faction in 1540s. Foreign policy in the 1540s; war with France and Scotland and its impact.
Journey Through the
Early Tudors 1485- 1558
Task 2: Britain in 1500
There are some resources on the History website (http://history-groby.weebly.com/)
to help you with this task. You can either find them on there, or you can scan the QR codes
to take you directly to the resources. You will need to access YouTube and to be able to
open PDF files (which will open on most smartphones/ e-readers/ tablets without the need
for a separate app).
You are also very welcome to do your own research, or to add to those resources with your
own research. Any issues with your homework: email Ana Hall at ahall@grobycoll.com.
This method of note-taking is called the Cornell method of note-taking and requires you to
select information from your reading/ lectures/ notes etc. in order to answer the key
questions that guide your learning. You can still use colours, images etc. and is a good way
to organise notes for revision. You will need to copy this table on a separate sheet of paper
so you have more space- just put the work inside your booklet when complete. You should
only have an A4 page of notes and you should think about how you can show links between
the questions.
The resources are:
How stable did Britain seem
economically leading up to 1485?
How stable did Britain seem
politically leading up to 1855?
What influence did the Church
have on the lives of the people
during this period?
How could you describe the lives of
the ordinary British people during
this period?
What problems might Henry VII
have to deal with as Britain’s new
king?
Britain in 1500 reading
The Wars of the Roses
The Wars of the Roses YouTube
You might find it helpful to do some extra research/ reading into the War of the Roses even though it doesn’t directly link to our specification. A good starting point is the TED-ED lesson on this subject which contains some extra reading in the ‘Dig Deeper’ section. http://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-wars-that- inspired-game-of-thrones-alex-gendler
The government of Henry VII and threats to his rule
Section 2: Henry’s Claim to, and Challenges to, the Throne
Task 1: Henry’s Claim to the Throne
Below is a copy of Henry’s family tree. You will also find a version on page 8 of your textbook.
Answer the questions to determine how strong Henry’s claim to the throne was. a) Does he satisfy the following conditions? Condition Yes No Close Is there anyone else who satisfies these conditions better? Legitimate issue of sovereign? Male (for preference- not essential)? Eldest son? (the eldest goes from left to right- so the first born son will be on the left)
b) How far descended from a monarch is he? (how many generations are between him and his nearest kingly ancestor? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
The children of Catherine Swynford and John of Gaunt were born before the two were married. Parliament legitimised them during the reign of Richard II.
The ‘princes in the tower’ who ‘disappeared’ in 1483
Edmund Tudor’s mother was Catherine of France (a princess), who had been married to Henry V.
b) Decide whether the following statements about Henry’s position are strengths or weaknesses.
Statement Strength or weakness?
The country was weary of war and would support a
king who offered peace and stability- even if his claim
was not a strong one.
Spent fourteen years in exile after the Lancastrian
defeat at Tewkesbury in 1471 during the Wars of the
Roses. Virtually unknown.
It is likely that many thought, due to his weak claim and
lack of knowledge of the country that his reign was
unlikely to last.
Henry was replacing an (allegedly) unpopular king, who
was dead and this may have been a reason for not
kicking up to much of a fuss.
Henry was not dependent on another noble family (as
Edward IV had been on the Woodvilles), alienating
many of the noble families).
Task 3: It’s a Conspiracy- challenges to Henry’s throne Part 1: The Lovell Conspiracy, 1486
Within the year, Yorkists began rebelling against Henry. Henry decided to demonstrate his kingship by embarking on a royal progress to the north. It was in the Midlands, the north and Wales where the Yorkists were particularly strong. Use page 10 to complete the box of information.
Part 2: The First Pretender- the Simnel rebellion, beginning autumn 1486. You may remember the Earl of Warwick from Henry’s family tree, and how he had a stronger claim to the throne than Henry himself.
Who?
What happened?
Why?
Why did it fail?
What were the consequences for Henry?
Henry dealt with him by locking him in the Tower of London. Henry was not a cruel man and treated him well within the tower. The Earl of Warwick lived in relative comfort, although, as the Yorkists had heard nothing of him while imprisoned, it is possible they believed he had been murdered.
Read the information on page 12-13 of your textbook and the information on this page and then complete the tasks associated with it.
a) Highlight any strengths of Henry or Henry’s position within this account. If any strengths are clear on page 12-13 of your textbook then write those underneath.
b) Highlight any weaknesses of Henry or Henry’s position within this account. If there any other weaknesses on page 12-13 of your textbook, then include those.
c) Was there ever a real challenge to Henry from Simnel?
Reading Challenge
Read the section on Henry VII’s popularity in this article about Henry, Pretenders and Rebellions, from the website- or scan the QR code.
Part 4: The Warbeck Rising 1491- TASK: Use the comic strip above, plus pages 13-14 of your textbook to answer the following questions.
a) What were the roles of the following people within the Warbeck Conspiracy?
Perkin Warbeck Margaret of Burgundy Charles VIII of France Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian
Sir William Stanley Lord Chamberlain James IV of Scotland
b) What was this such a problematic cast of characters for Henry?
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c) Why was the Warbeck plot unsuccessful?
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a) What did the failure reveal about the stability of Henry VII’s regime now?
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A woman with a lot of influence You may have noticed Margaret of Burgundy cropping up again and again.
b) Was Henry ever secure from the Yorkist threat? (Have a look at page 14 of your booklet to help you put this together).
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c) What were Henry’s biggest weaknesses? Why did he keep being attacked? Try to explain with reference to specific examples. (You may want to write this on lined paper)
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If you have some time and the inclination, do some research on this fascinating lady. This article is a good starting point (from the website or scan the QR code) but it is definitely worth seeing what else you can find out about her.
Your first assessment Assess the reasons why Henry VII began his reign with so many challenges to his throne.
You are going to attempt the 20 mark essay of the style that you could get in your exam. Pages 29-29 of your textbook has some helpful support for this type of question. In the exam itself, you will have about forty minutes to answer the essay question. You will get a choice of two essays. You will attempt this first essay at home, without worrying about exam conditions. You are aiming (usually) for about three sides of A4. For your first one, you might have a little less and that’s fine.
The government of Henry VII and threats to his rule
Section 3: How did Henry VII retain control over the country?
During the course of this section, you might find it helpful to refer to this diagram, which contains a simple and helpful diagram on how Henry’s household worked. You may need to add groups to it. You may also find it helpful to annotate the diagram with key people, or events where appropriate.
The Carrot, the Stick and the Nobility
COMPULSORY CHALLENGE 1: Annotate these methods further with how effectively they controlled the nobility. Make sure that you add evidence.
CHALLENGE 2: Can you think of any other examples of carrot and stick in History/ on TV programmes/ in your own lives?
d) Was Henry successful in controlling the nobility? Make sure that you use some evidence to support your argument. You should try to balance your argument, although it doesn’t need to be evenly balanced.
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Task 2: Henry VII’s strengthening of central and local government a) Did Henry change that much? Read the section on page 18-19 of the textbook and complete the table with changes and continuities on how Henry VII’s government worked. Make sure that you know what each group actually does.
Change Continuities
Task 4: Local Government under Henry VII Use page 20 to complete the following tasks: a) How had Edward IV tried to maintain law and order?
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b) What effect had that had on the nobility?
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c) What was Henry’s problem with this? How did it work in the west and north Midlands?
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e) How did that help to break the power of the nobility?
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f) What weaknesses did they have and what effect did that have on Henry?
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Task 5: The Importance of Parliament a) Look at the information on page 20-21 about Parliament. What are the similarities and differences between Tudor Parliament and Parliament today? Similarities Differences
b) What conclusions can you draw about the importance of Parliament from this table?
Date of Parliament Length of session. 1485 - 6 3 months 1487 1 month 1489 1.5 months 1491 0.5 months 1495 2 months 1497 2 months 1504 2.5 months
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c) Why was Parliament so infrequently called and why for such short periods?
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