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STN Society of Trauma
Nurses
ATCN Advanced Trauma Care for Nurses
ATCN Knowledge-Based Exam &
Trauma Simulation Assessment
Course Title and Number: ATCN Advanced Trauma Assessment Exam Title: ATCN Exam Exam Date: Exam 2025- 2026 Instructor: ____ [Insert Instructor’s Name] _______ Student Name: ___ [Insert Student’s Name] _____ Student ID: ____ [Insert Student ID] _____________
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ATCN Module 6: Abdominal & Pelvic
Trauma ATCN Advanced Trauma Care for
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ATCN Knowledge-Based Exam & Trauma
Simulation Assessment
ATCN Advanced Trauma Care for Nurses
Exam
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- List the organs in abdomen in both retroperitoneal and peritoneal cavities.- : Retroperitoneal Kidneys, ureters, bladder, reproductive organs, inferior vena cava, abdominal aorta, pancreas. Peritoneal Bowel, spleen, liver, stomach, gallbladder.
- What are the most common mechanisms of injury that result in abdominal trauma (2)?: Penetrating mechanisms Low velocity: knife, ice pick Medium velocity: Gunshot/handgun, shotgun Need Writing 📱Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed📱 Click Here To <> Follow Link
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- Name the abdominal organs (solid and hollow/S or H) that are most likely to be injured and most common injuries?: Spleen & liver (S) Spleen- blunt (sometimes penetrating), large, vascular, close to ribs. Highly vascular - splenic arteries, Kehr's sign (left shoulder tip pain). Liver (solid organ) - commonly injured (under diaphragm & rib cage), vascular from hepatic artery and portal vein. Bowel injuries (H), rare (blunt). Pancreas & duodenum (S), high incidence of infectious complications, highly vascular: aorta, vena cava, iliac arteries (pelvic # or deceleration injuries). Abdominal-wall haematoma - penetrating injuries. Retroperitoneal haematoma. Haemorrhage: Limited external signs. Rapid blood loss possible. Hypovolemic shock. Blood does not result in peritonitis (but other issues like stomach contents).
- Spillage of stomach organs can cause these 4 issues?: 1. Enzymes, Acids (Chemical irritant to peritoneum).
- Bacteria.
- Localised pain = Generalised abdominal pain.
- Muscular spasm (rigid abdomen). Need Writing 📱Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed📱
📱Hit Me UP__ Inbox Open 24/7 – 365 …...!!!! 📱 Chat with us here : 📱 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com 6.List the organs contained in the genitourinary cavity. Where are they locat- ed?: Kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder and urethra- Retroperitoneal. 7.Why should you have a high index of suspicion for genitourinary trauma when abdominal trauma is identified?: Patients with bladder or urethral injuries may complain of lower abdominal pain, urinary urgency, or the inability to void. 8.What organ is the most injured organ in the urinary tract?
- Percentage of all GU trauma?
- What type of injury?
- MOIs.: KIDNEY TRAUMA 50% of all GU trauma. Blunt (90%).
- Direct blow to back, flank, upper abdomen.
- Suspect in Fx of 10th - 12th ribs or T12, L1 , L
- Acceleration/ Deceleration
- Shearing of renal artery/vein Penetrating (10%) Rare, usually associated GSW or Stab wound. 9.What mechanisms of injury might result in pelvic injuries?: Motorcycle acci- dents. Motor vehicle accidents. Pedestrian struck by motor vehicle. Falls. Need Writing 📱Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed📱
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- Avulsion fractures: Most often occur in skeletal immature athletes (14-17) but can occur in high energy trauma. Sudden forceful muscular contraction is the usual cause.
- List the organs contained in the pelvis.: Rectum, ureters, pelvic vascular plexus, femoral arteries, femoral veins, pelvic skeletal structures (sacrum), repro- ductive organs such as vagina, pubis, bladder, uterus.
- Discuss your assessment of a person who has sustained a suspected pelvic injury (QAS Clinical Features): Clinical features: Pain and bruising Scrotal or vulval. Flanks. Bleeding: Urethral meatus (urethral/prostate/bladder injury). Vaginal (vagina/uterus/bladder injury). Rectal (bowel perforation). Pelvic asymmetry/shortening of limb. Decrease of lower limb pulses. Reduced or absent sensation or power in lower limbs. Haemodynamic instability and shock. Ultrasound FAST may reveal free fluid in the pelvis.
- What types of treatment might you consider for a person who has sus- tained a pelvic injury?: DRABC/DRCAB. Need Writing 📱Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed📱
📱Hit Me UP__ Inbox Open 24/7 – 365 …...!!!! 📱 Chat with us here : 📱 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com Head to toe (open book fractures?). Apply pelvic binder (SAM pelvic sling). Immobilise legs (traction/vacuum splints). Pain relief (fentanyl, methoxyflurane, ketamine (CCP). Hx: MOI, SAMPLE
- Abdominal Trauma- Clinical Features: - Unexplained shock
- ALOC
- Dyspnoea
- Abdomen pain/discomfort/guarding/tenderness/rigidity (on palpation)
- Hypovolemic shock
- Abdominal bruising (cullen's sign, grey turner sign)
- Shoulder tip pain (Kehr's sign).
- How much fluid to use in an abdominal emergency, as per CPG.: Minimal - systolic of 90mmHg/radial pulse.
- How would you treat eviscerated bowel exposed?: Saline (minimum 2L) and cover with moist sterile pads or cling wrap. Need Writing 📱Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed📱
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