Download ANAT260 LAB Regional Anatomy of the Upper Extremity West Coast 2025/2026 and more Lab Reports Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
Regional Anatomy of the Upper
Extremity
Anatomical Terminology: Antecubital Region anterior to the elbow Axilla / axillary Armpit Palma / palmar Palm of hand Carpus / carpal / carpi- Wrist In order to understand muscle location, and to do the activities related to this material, pay attention to the origin and insertion of each muscle as stated in this manual, however you do NOT need to memorize origins and insertions for this course (yay)! Note: some muscles have multiple fibers and multiple actions. For example, flexion and medial rotation of arm are two actions for the anterior fibers of Deltoid. If I point to the anterior fibers and ask for one action, you would give me either flexion of arm or medial rotation of arm. If I point to the anterior fibers to ID, you would give me anterior fibers of Deltoid. You are expected to know actions, innervations, synergists, antagonists for muscles. Most of the ID questions on muscles will come from your APRs. They are very nicely highlighted. Also, you can watch videos in APR that show actions of muscles. The eye will show you more views for some structures, the video link will show you actions for some muscles. Label all images on next page. Make your flash cards โบ Deltoid = need to specify if anterior, middle, or posterior fibers, and ID specific fibers action of anterior fibers: flexion & medial rotation of arm action of middle (lateral) fibers: abduct arm action of posterior fibers: extension & lateral rotation of arm motor innervation: axillary nerve Coracobrachialis action: Adduction of arm & Flexion of arm motor innervation: musculocutaneous nerve Biceps brachii = need to ID both heads. Short and long head action: both heads = flexion of forearm & supination of forearm action: long head = flexion of arm motor innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
Brachialis = deep to biceps action: Flexion of forearm motor innervation: musculocutaneous nerve Triceps brachii. 3 heads: Lateral, long, medial. I inserted a labeled image on the next page Action of lateral head: extension of forearm action of long head: extension of arm, adduction of arm & extension of forearm shoulder action of medial head: extension of forearm motor innervation: radial nerve
- anterior fibers posterior fibers y
- / middle fibers^ - โข โข deltoid - biceps brachii^ + long^ head^ โ short head (^) โ (^) c- (^) long head
Coracobrachialis - fshort head ]
- biceps brachii long head^ - โ
bibceascnii f.
short head^ # c- (^) brachial is
Flexor carpi ulnaris action: flex wrist and adduct hand motor innervation: ulnar nerve Flexor digitorum superficialis action: Flexion of fingers 2- 5 motor innervation: median nerve Flexor digitorum profundus action: Flexion of fingers 2- 5 motor innervation: median nerve Flexor pollicis longus action: Flexion of pollex motor innervation: median nerve Brachioradialis action: flex forearm motor innervation: radial nerve Label: Flexor carpi ulnaris, Pronator teres, Flexor carpi radialis, Palmaris longus On images label: Flexor carpi ulnaris, Brachioradialis, Flexor carpi radialis, Palmaris longus, Flexor retinaculum, Palmar aponeurosis, Flexor digitorum superficialis, Flexor digitorum profundus, Flexor pollicis longus Patman's Flexor carpi ulnaris flexor^ carpi^ radialis longus
- pronator teres =. = . - Flexor retinaculum brachioradialis t (^) t ^ (^) a / (^) / . s-pyoen.ae'T palmar aponeurosis^ Flexor carrifgdmiaal.is (^) ,^ !ng^ , / Flexor Carpi ulnar^ is
Flexor retinaculum = anterior = fibrous band Posterior Forearm Muscles. Label Extensor carpi radialis longus action: extend wrist & abduct hand motor innervation: radial nerve Extensor carpi radialis brevis. action: extend wrist & abduct hand motor innervation: radial nerve Extensor digitorum action: Extension of fingers 2- 5 motor innervation: radial nerve Extensor carpi ulnaris action: extend wrist & adduct hand motor innervation: radial nerve Extensor retinaculum = thick tendon flexor (^) digitorum - flexor (^) pollicis โ M superficialis longus flexor (^) digitorum Profundis =
=
Brachial Plexus. Page 4 89 in your ebook. Label the nerve in the image. Please learn the sensory functions (if listed) associated with each of the nerves listed below. You have already seen some motor functions of these nerves. Also, follow their paths. Musculocutaneous nerve = Sensory to lateral forearm Median nerve = Sensation to anterior skin of lateral 3.5 digits Ulnar nerve = Sensation to anterior & posterior skin of medial 1.5 digits Radial nerve = Sensation to posterior skin of arm, forearm and lateral 3.5 digits Axillary nerve = Sensory to skin over the deltoid Axillary nerve pathway muscular cutaneous nerve โ median nerve - โ ulnar nerve axillary nerve^ โ n radial nerve^ J
On model label: Deltoid, Coracobrachialis, Biceps brachii (short head), Triceps brachii (long head), Triceps brachii (medial head), Brachialis (deep to Biceps brachii, you can see part of it), Brachioradialis, Pronator teres, Flexor carpi radialis, Brachioradialis, Palmaris longus, Flexor carpi ulnaris, Median nerve, Ulnar nerve, Flexor digitorum superficialis, Musculocutaneous nerve. Note, you canโt see the axillary or radial nerve in the image.
C- deltoid
- muscular^ cutaneous^ nerve
- median^ nerve Ulnar (^) nerve - 5- coracobrachialis C- Biceps brachii^ (short^ head) Triceps brachii^ - (long head) Triceps brachii^ -^ c-Brachial^ is (medial (^) head)
- brachioradialis c- (^) pronator teres palmaris^ longus^ - C-flexor Carpi radialis flexor (^) Carpi ulnaris^ - flexor (^) digitorum superficial's^ - PFPF ""or Pronator^ flexor^ palmar'S^ carpi carp;^ longus^ ulnaris teres (^) radials
Identify the following arteries and veins on models, drawings, pictures, APR images.
- Unless specified as unilateral, all vessels are present bilaterally (right and left) and MUST be labeled as such โ this is important for quizzes, practicums, and life.
- When naming blood vessels, if it is part of the official name, you MUST state right / left / common / internal / external / superficial as well as artery, trunk, or vein โ this is also important for quizzes, practicums, and life!
- Be sure to write information for each blood vessel that will help you find its location as well as understand the path of blood flow and its relationship to surrounding structures.
- Know where a blood vessel has a name change. For instance, at what landmark does the subclavian artery become the axillary artery?
- Please note that both the upper extremity and the lower extremity contain superficial veins as well as deep veins. Pay attention to the location of the veins relative to muscles and bones so that you can locate them. I have inserted images for you. These may have more blood vessels than in the table. You only have to know the blood vessels in the table for now. Highlight the ones in the images that you need to know. Arteries Veins Subclavian artery = right is a branch of the Brachiocephalic artery; left is the third branch of the aortic arch Subclavian vein = merges with internal jugular vein to form brachiocephalic vein Axillary artery = at lateral border of first rib Axillary vein = drains into subclavian vein Brachial artery = at inferior border of teres major Brachial vein = drains into axillary vein Radial artery Radial vein = merges with ulnar vein to from brachial vein ie drains into brachial vein Ulnar artery Ulnar vein = merges with radial vein to from brachial vein ie drains into brachial vein Cephalic vein = drains into axillary vein Basilic vein = drains into with brachial vein to form axillary vein Median cubital vein = connects the basilic and cephalic vein and is often used for venipuncture. drains into basilic vein
Label the following in the images below: All of the below are right side. You would write right subclavian artery, right axillary artery, etc. Subclavian artery Axillary artery Brachial artery Radial artery Ulnar artery Subclavian vein Axillary vein Brachial vein Radial vein Ulnar vein Cephalic vein Basilic vein Median cubital vein
-^ c-^ axillary artery
radial (^) artery โ^ โ Ulnar (^) artery
axillary vein
cephalic vein^ a- Basilio (^) vein
- Brachial (^) vein
- (^) median cubital vein Radial vein^ - โ- ulnar vein
I created this matching exercise. Great way to study muscles. ๐
- Coracobrachialis Adduction of^ arm^ a) axillary nerve
- Biceps brachii Flexion of arm^ b) ulnar nerve
- Brachialis flexion of^ forearm^ c) musculocutaneous nerve
- Triceps brachii supination^ of forearm^ d) radial nerve
- Pronator teres medial rotation of arm^ e) median nerve
- Flexor carpi radialis abduct^ arm^ f) facial CN VII
- Palmaris longus extension^ of arm^ g) Mandibular V3 of Trigeminal CN V
- Flexor carpi ulnaris lateral rotation of arm^ h) accessory nerve
- Brachioradialis extension of forearm
- Flexor digitorum superficialis adduction of arm
- Extensor carpi radialis longus flex wrist
- Extensor carpi radialis brevis abduct^ hand
- Extensor digitorum pronate^ forearm
- Extensor carpi ulnaris adduct^ hand
- Deltoid Flexion of fingers 2-^5
- Flexor pollicis longus adduct^ hand
- Flexor digitorum profundus extend wrist Extension of fingers 2- 5 Adduction of arm Flexion of arm flexion of forearm supination of forearm medial rotation of arm abduct arm extension of arm lateral rotation of arm extension of forearm adduction of arm flex wrist Note about writing out actions: You can write flexion of wrist or flex wrist. Adduct arm or adduction of arm. Either form is OK.
Clavicle Left^ internal^ jugular vein left (^) cephalic vein #medianuba\
\
Left basilio^ vein I (^) Left Right
- I /โ Left (^) axillary vein^ ,โ Left subclavian vein^
braohiocephalic vein^ brachioeep.ua/ic
Left (^) radial vein Left (^) ulnar (^) vein > โ left^ brachial^ vein^ 1
-^ ,^ ฮผ l l superior vena Cava
