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ANAL FISSURE important notes, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Medical Sciences

King George's Medical UniversityMedical Sciences

A detailed description of anal fissure, including its definition, aetiology, pathology, types, differential diagnosis, and treatment. It explains that anal fissure is a longitudinal ulcer or tear in the mucous membrane of the lower 2 of the anal canal, and the commonest cause is chronic constipation. The document also describes the types of anal fissure, acute and chronic, and their differences. It further explains the treatment options for anal fissure, including conservative treatment, laser surgery, and open lateral internal sphincterotomy.

Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research

2022/2023

Available from 02/06/2023

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ANAL FISSURE * Definition: Longitudinal ulcer or tear in the mucous membrane of lower 2 of anal canal i.e. below dentate line. * Aetiology: a. Over stretch of anal canal by: 1. The commonest cause is chronic cosntipation — hard bulky stool. 2. During child birth due to complete perineal tear . b. Rarely inflammatory bowel diseases e.g. ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease. * Pathology : A)Site: 1-90% of cases the fissure occurs in the midline posteriorly because : = Anal canal meets the rectum at an angle — posterior wall of anal canal receive trauma by hard stools. = Mucosa of posterior wall of anal canal is /ess supported and is liable to overstretch. 2-It occur in 10% , in the midline anteriorly, during child birth.