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ACS Citation Style QuickGuide
This guide includes examples based on The ACS Guide to Scholarly Communication (2020). For more information and examples, see the full Guide , which is available online.
Components of ACS Style (sec. 4.3.2, ACS Guide )
In-text references may be cited in one of three ways: parenthetical numbering (1) , superscript numbering^1 , or author-date referencing (Shin, 2020). This
QuickGuide focuses on superscript numbering. General guidelines for numbering: ● Choose one numbering style and use it consistently throughout your paper. ● Number your in-text references consecutively, starting with 1. ● Reuse the original number for any reference that you cite multiple times. ● If you cite multiple references at once, list the numbers in ascending order and separate them by commas without spaces. For example: o Equations have been derived to extract kinetic parameters from these voltammograms.2,
The references list includes full citation details for your sources (e.g., author, title, date, publisher, page numbers, DOI or URL).
● The list is arranged in numerical order of first mention in the text. ● ACS style abbreviates journal titles (sec 4.3.4.2, ACS Guide ). o To determine the abbreviated title, search for the full title at cassi.cas.org. o Use the complete journal title if it is not in CASSI. ● DOIs and URLs for online references: o If an online work has a DOI, include it at the end of the reference. o If a DOI is not available, include a stable or permanent URL and the date you accessed it (sec. 4.3.4.5, ACS Guide ). o If the work is stored in a library database, include the name of the database.
How to format author names (sec. 4.3.4.1, ACS Guide )
Author Type Beginning of references list entry In-text referenceiii 1 author 1. Shin, D. M. Shin^1 2 authors 2. Stephenson, J. L., Jr.; McLuckey, S. A. Stephenson and McLuckey^2 3 - 10 authors 3. Boxe, C. S.; Francisco, J. S.; Shia, R.-L; Yung, Y. L.; Nair, H.; Liang, M.-C.; Saiz-Lopez, A. Boxe et al.^3 More than 10 authors
- Wang, K; Priesler, S. S.; Zhang, L.; Cui, Y.; Missel, J. W.; Grønberg, C.; Gotfryd, K.; Lindhal, E.; Andersson, M.; Calloe, K.; et al.i^ Wang et al.^4 No author 5. Soil Chemistry. 5 Organization 6. CSE.ii^ CSE^6 I (^) For works with more than 10 authors, provide the first 10 authors’ names, followed by “et al.” ii (^) You may use an abbreviation for a well-known organization’s name. If the organization is not well-known, include the full name (sec. 4.3.5.3, Table 4.3.21, ACS Guide). iii (^) Using authors’ names in-text is optional (sec. 4.3.2, ACS Guide ). Last update: August 26, 2021 guides.library.ualberta.ca/citing
Questions? Ask us! Reference examples
Source References List Entry
Journal article Online, with DOI (See sec. 4.3.5.2, ACS Guide ) Shin, D. M. The Surface Morphology Effects on Liquid Crystal Alignment After Photo-Agitation and Crosslinking of Polyimide. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 2020 , 20 (8), 5112−5116. DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2020. Journal article Online, with no DOI (See sec. 4.3.4.5 & 4.3.5.2, ACS Guide ) Takeru, F.; Kuttruff, C. A.; Ritter, T. Carbon-Fluorine Bond Formation. Curr. Opin. Drug Discovery Dev. 2008 , 11 (6), 803-819. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:8301597 (accessed 2020- 04 - 20). NOTE: If an online article does not have a DOI, provide the URL and the date you accessed it. Journal article In a library database (See sec. 4.3.5.2, Table 4.3.8, ACS Guide ) Natarajan, L. Fluorescence Yields for Doubly Excited 2s3s Configuration in He-like Ions. Can. J. Phys. 2019 , 97 (4), 382-391. DOI: 10.1139/cjp- 2018 - 0279 (accessed 2020- 04 - 20 from Academic Search Complete). NOTE: If you accessed the full text of an article in a library database, provide the access date and the name of the database. Do not include a URL, even if the article has no DOI. Journal article With article number instead of page numbers (See sec. 4.3.5.2, Table 4.3.7, ACS Guide ) Wang, K; Priesler, S. S.; Zhang, L.; Cui, Y.; Missel, J. W.; Grønberg, C.; Gotfryd, K.; Lindhal, E.; Andersson, M.; Calloe, K.; et al. Structure of the Human ClC-1 Chloride Channel. PLoS Biol. 2019 , 17 (4), e3000218. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio. NOTE: Provide the article number where you would normally put the page range. Journal article Print (See sec. 4.3.5.2, ACS Guide ) Stephenson, J. L., Jr.; McLuckey, S. A. Simplification of Product Ion Spectra Derived from Multiply Charged Parent Ions via Ion/Ion Chemistry. Anal. Chem. 1998 , 70 (17), 3533-3544. Journal article Advance publication (See sec. 4.3.5.2, Table 4.3.9, ACS Guide ) Li, C.; Iscen, A.; Palmer, L. C.; Schatz, G. C.; Stupp, S. I. Light-Driven Expansion of Spiropyran Hydrogels. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020 , Article ASAP. DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c NOTE: Use this format for an article that has not yet been assigned volume and issue. Journal article One-word journal title (See sec. 4.3.5.2, Table 4.3.7, ACS Guide ) Boxe, C. S.; Francisco, J. S.; Shia, R.-L; Yung, Y. L.; Nair, H.; Liang, M.-C.; Saiz-Lopez, A. New Insights into Martian Atmospheric Chemistry. Icarus 2014 , 242 , 97-104. DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.07. NOTE: If a journal title is only one word, do not abbreviate it. For a journal with no issue numbers, only include the volume.
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Source References List Entry
Chapter in an authored book (See sec. 4.3.4 & 4.3.5.3, Table 4.3.14, ACS Guide ) Speight, J. G. Thermodynamics of Water. In Natural Water Remediation: Chemistry and Technology ; Butterworth-Heinemann (Elsevier), 2020; pp. 131 - 163. DOI: 10.1016/C2013- 0 - 16022 - 9 NOTE: For a work published by an imprint or subsidiary, list the imprint first, followed by the parent company in parentheses. Edited book (See sec. 4.3.5.3, Table 4.3.15, ACS Guide ) The Chemistry of the Atmosphere: Oxidants and Oxidation in the Earth’s Atmosphere ; Bandy, A. R., Ed.; Royal Society of Chemistry,
- DOI: 10.1021/ja965553h NOTE: For a work with multiple editors, format editor names like this: Jones, A. M., Smith, L., Eds. Chapter in an edited book (See sec. 4.3.5.3, Table 4.3.15, ACS Guide ) Świerczyński, M.; Fichna, J.; Szymaszhiewicz, A. Inflammatory Bowel Disorders and Fat-Soluble Vitamins. In Molecular Nutrition: Vitamins ; Patel, V. B., Ed.; Academic Press (Elsevier), 2020; pp. 583-611. DOI: 10.1016/B978- 0 - 12 - 811907 - 5.00024- 5 Encyclopedia article With author (See sec. 4.3.3, ACS Guide ) Wang, C.; Cimalla, V.; Ambacher, O.; Himmerlich, M.; Krischok, S. Photon Stimulated Ozone Sensing. In Encyclopedia of Chemistry Research , Vol. 1; Nova Science, 2012; pp. 131-193. NOTE: If the encyclopedia has editors, include their names after the book title. If you accessed the encyclopedia online, include the DOI or URL and access date. Encyclopedia article No author (See sec. 4.3.3, ACS Guide ) Soil Chemistry. In Environmental Science: In Context , Vol. 2; Lerner, B. W, Lerner, K. L., Eds.; Gale, 2009. Retrieved from Gale Virtual Reference Library, http://go.galegroup.com/ps (accessed 2020- 04 - 24). Book written by an organization (See sec. 4.3.5.3, Table 4.3.21, ACS Guide ) Council of Science Editors. Scientific Style and Format: The CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers , 8th ed.; 2014. https://www.scientificstyleandformat.org (accessed 2020- 01 - 30). NOTE: If the book has editors, include their names after the title. If the author and publisher are the same organization, as in this example, you do not need to include the publisher. Technical report Online (See sec. 4.3.5.11, Table 4.3.39, ACS Guide ) Boldt, J.; Anderson, E.; King, J.; Dennis-Bohm, H.; Zubkowski, T.; Flostrand, L. Integrated Pelagic Ecosystem Survey on the Vancouver Island Continental Shelf, June 15-July 15, 2019 ; Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 3339; Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station: Nanaimo, BC, 2020. https://waves-vagues.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/Library/ 40843476.pdf (accessed 2020- 04 - 20). NOTE: If a report number is provided, include it after the title. In this example, the report number is Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 3339. Thesis or dissertation In a library database (See sec. 4.3.5.8, Table 4.3.33, ACS Guide ) Khan, S. S. Computational Chemistry and Mechanistic Modeling of Atmospheric Chemistry: Models of Alkane and Oxygenate Chemistry. Ph.D. Dissertation, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 2005. https://search.proquest.com/docview/ (accessed 2020- 04 - 20 from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global).
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Source References List Entry
Website (See sec. 4.3.5.4, Table 4.3.22, ACS Guide ) Canadian Space Agency Home Page. https://www.asc-csa.gc.ca (accessed 2020- 04 - 27). NOTE: In this example, the author and title of the website are the same (Canadian Space Agency). If the website title is distinct from the author/organization, start the reference with the author and then provide the title. Webpage (See sec. 4.3.5.4, Table 4.3.23, ACS Guide ) Snyder, S. Unlocking the Potential of Polyphenols. Columbia University, 2013. http://techventures.columbia.edu/news-and-events/ latest-news/unlocking-potential-polyphenols (accessed 2020- 02 - 13). Streaming video Youtube or similar (See sec. 4.3.5.4, Table 4.3.25, ACS Guide ) Goldman, S. Chemistry of Breadmaking: An Introduction to the Science of Baking. ES.333, Production of Educational Videos. Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Experimental Study Group. YouTube, May 7, 2014. https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=-H9pyNHxIO8 (accessed 2020- 04 - 27). NOTE: If the video does not have individual author(s), start the reference with the name of the organization instead (in this example, the organization is Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Experimental Study Group). Streaming video On producer’s website (See sec. 4.3.5.4, Table 4.3.25, ACS Guide ) Mulzer, C. The Incredible Chemistry Powering Your Smartphone. TED@DuPont. TED, September 2019. https://www.ted.com/talks/cathy_mulzer_the_incredible_chemistry_powering_your_smartphone (accessed 2020- 03 - 11). Blog post (See sec. 4.3.5.4, Table 4.3.27, ACS Guide ) Day, K. Blue Skies and Copper Demons: A Story of Mysterious Purple Crystals. The Chronicle Flask , January 26, 2020. https://chronicleflask.com/2020/01/26/copper-azurite (accessed 2020- 04 - 14). Lecture notes In course management system (e.g., eClass) (See sec. 4.3.6.3, ACS Guide ) Jones, L. Introduction to Inorganic Chemistry. CHE 333: Inorganic Chemistry. University of Alberta, March 20, 2019. https://eclass.srv.ualberta.ca/portal (accessed 2019- 03 - 21). NOTE: The ACS Guide does not include instructions for citing course materials; this example was created based on similar types of online sources. If the lecture notes are available publicly (not on eClass), provide a URL directly to them. Tweet (See sec. 4.3.5.4, ACS Guide ) leecronin. If your city was an element what would it be good at? Glasgow or Glasgowium would an incredibly reactive metal of course. Twitter , March 19, 2016. https://twitter.com/leecronin/status/711152728827891712 (accessed 2020- 04 - 27). NOTE: ACS recommends that tweets “should be cited with caution, if at all,” as tweets can be deleted. Begin the tweet with the author’s username and include the full content of the tweet in place of a title. Personal communication (See sec. 4.3.6.3, ACS Guide ) Smith, J. T. Augustana Campus, University of Alberta, Camrose, AB. Personal communication, 2005.
