Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: A Comprehensive Overview, Summaries of Socialization and the Life Course

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BACKGROUND OF THE THEORIST

• His parents were Jewish emigrants from Russia. As a child, he was raised strictly

and that is why he was an orderly young man. Although he had several brothers he was lonely and unhappy.

• In December 1928 , before graduating, he married his elder cousin, Bertha

Goodman, during that time he met his main mentor, Professor Harry Harlow.

• In his major works, motivation and personality ( 1954 ) and toward A psychology of

being ( 1962 ), Maslow argued that each person has A hierarchy of needs that must be satisfied, ranging from basic physiological requirements to love, esteem, and, finally, self-actualization.

• His theory is within holism and humanistic psychology and Maslow defends the

idea that man is an integrated and organized whole, without differentiated parts.

• Maslow believed that truly healthy people were self-actualizers because they

satisfied the highest psychological needs, fully integrating the components of their personality, or self.

WHAT IS THE THEORY ALL ABOUT?

Basic Needs include Physiological needs and Safety needs. Next is the phsycological needs include Love and belonging and Esteem needs. Lastly, the Self-fulfilment that covers the self-actualization. Progressing through the Pyramid of Needs

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs states that people are motivated to fulfill basic needs for physical survival, before moving on to the higher levels that consists of more advanced needs.

STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF MASLOW’S MOTIVATION THEORY

• STRENGTHS:

Simple to understand and acknowledges human nature.

• WEAKNESSES:

Fails to consider the possibility that intrinsic benefits may drive people and Maslow's theory disregards the various cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds of people.

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS IN NURSING

• PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS- need to be fulfilled for a person to live, such as rest, food,

and water.

• NEED TO FEEL SAFE- it is typical for people to feel uneasy or unsafe in a healthcare

setting. All procedures should be completely described to the patient to avoid these feelings, and any concerns must be fully addressed.

• THE NEED FOR AFFECTION AND BELONGING: is typically met by family, friends, and

the medical staff. Healthcare professionals should actively listen to patients' thoughts and feelings and encourage them to express them. A nurse can also think about holding the patient's arm when speaking with them to demonstrate affection and empathy.

NURSING METAPARADIGM

Relating Maslow's hierarchy of needs to the nursing metaparadigm, the application of Maslow's theory to their practice of patient care may be efficient to their profession.

• Person – the nurse is able to identify the level of care that the patient

needs or is required.

• Health – patient communication evaluation can help to determine what

needs are not being met by the patient; body language also helps.

ABRAHAM MASLOW'S ASSUMPTIONS

• PEOPLE’S BEHAVIOR IS BASED ON THEIR NEEDS.