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2024 PEDIATRICS EXAM QUESTIONS & CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A LATEST EXAM
You see a 4-year-old for a well-child visit. He has received four diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis vaccines (DTaP); three injected polio vaccines (IPV); one measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR); one varicella vaccine; and two hepatitis B (Hep B) vaccines. What do you order today? Selected Answer: c. Tetanus and diphtheria toxoid with acellular pertussis (TdaP), MMR, hepatitus B, and IPV
- Question 4 0 out of 1 points A 6-month-old infant has been growing poorly. His parents have changed his formula three times without success. His examination is remarkable for a pale, emaciated child with little subcutaneous fat and anterior fontanelle fullness. His laboratory test results are notable for a hemolytic anemia and prolonged bleeding times. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step? Selected Answer: e. Perform a hemoglobin electrophoresis - Question 5 1 out of 1 points Max, a 9 - year-old boy, is a very active child with limited self-control. He is easily distracted and has difficulty staying on task. You determine that he should have a neurodevelopmental evaluation because he is showing signs of Selected Answer: d. ADHD - Question 6 1 out of 1 points You see a 3 - year-old for a well-child visit. His mother informs you that potty training has been very easy because he “has an amazing internal clock. He falls asleep, gets hungry, and has bowel movements at the same time every day.” This describes which aspect of temperament? Selected Answer: b. Rhythmicity - Question 7
1 out of 1 points A fifteen-year-old female makes a statement to you during a well visit. Which of the following statements should not be kept confidential? Selected Answer: a. "Sometimes I feel like ending my life."
- Question 8 0 out of 1 points The appropriate lab tests in assessment of cervical adenitis include all of the following except: Selected Answer: c. PPD - Question 9 0 out of 1 points You would be concerned about the language development of a child who: Selected Answer: b. Pronounces words that are not understandable at 2 years of age - Question 10 0 out of 1 points An eye that deviates in when covered but that returns to midline when uncovered is an Selected Answer: a. esotropia - Question 11 0 out of 1 points A 14-year-old female comes into the office for an urgent visit after taking 10 valium tablets. Following the initial emergent care and stailization, the most important part of the management is: Selected Answer: c. Obtaining a psychiatric consultation. - Question 12
19 to 20 pounds
- Question 17 1 out of 1 points You are doing a kindergarten physical on a 5 - year-old girl. Which of the following scenarios would suggest the child is not ready to start kindergarten in the fall? Selected Answer: c. Counts to 4 and draws a person with three parts. - Question 18 1 out of 1 points Sam has an otitis media. He also presents with conjunctivitis. This is due to which organism? Selected Answer: d. Haemophilus influenza - Question 19 1 out of 1 points Which of the following complication of strep pharyngitis cannot be prevented with antibiotics? Selected Answer: a. Glomerulonephritis - Question 20 0 out of 1 points During a “well-child” visit, the parents of a healthy 5 - month-old offer a great amount of information. Which of the following bits of information is of most concern? Selected Answer: c. Diet that includes baby cereal, five different baby vegetables, and one baby fruit. - Question 21 1 out of 1 points Hannah, age 4, is brought into the office by her father. She complains of a sore throat, difficulty swallowing, copious oral secretions, stridor, and a temperature of 102F. She does not have
pharyngeal erythema or cough. What do you suspect? Selected Answer: c. Epiglottitis
- Question 22 1 out of 1 points Which of the following strategies would not be appropriate to include as part of your treatment plan of an 8-year-old boy who is obese? Selected Answer: a. Referral to nutritionist for weight reduction plan. - Question 23 0 out of 1 points Sally, age 4, presents to the office with her mother for a well-child visit. To assess for age-appropriate fine motor skills, what activity would you ask her to perform? Selected Answer: b. Copy a circle. - Question 24 1 out of 1 points A 4 - month-old presents with both eyes turning inward. What is this called? Selected Answer: d. Esotropia - Question 25 0 out of 1 points You assess a 15 - year-old's visual acuity and note her vision to be 20/50 in the right eye. She asks you what that means and you respond Selected Answer: a. "You can see at 50 feet with your right eye what most people can see at 20 feet." - Question 26
Selected Answer: b. "This is a very healthy breastfeeding pattern. Be sure to rest when you can. You are doing a great job."
- Question 31 1 out of 1 points A 4 - year-old believes there is more juice in a tall, thin glass than a shorter, wider one. The child has not yet achieved which of the principles of Piaget? Selected Answer: a. Conservation - Question 32 0 out of 1 points Head and chest circumferences should be equal at: Selected Answer: a. 6 months of age - Question 33 1 out of 1 points The mother of a 4 - year-old tells you he likes to "play with himself" while playing and watching television. You advise the mother to Selected Answer: c. Explain to the child that masturbation is something that should be done in private. - Question 34 1 out of 1 points Parents bring their 16-year-old daughter for a “well-child” checkup. She looks normal on examination. As part of your routine care you plan a urinalysis. The father pulls you aside and asks you to secretly run a UDS on his daughter. Which of the following is the most appropriate course of action? Selected a. Answer:
Explore the reasons for the request with the parents and the adolescent and perform a UDS with the adolescent's permission if the history warrants.
- Question 35 1 out of 1 points Conductive hearing loss can be caused by Selected Answer: c. Serous otitis - Question 36 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is a priority nurse practitioner role to help children and adolescents to have healthy sexual development? Selected Answer: d. Begin anticipatory guidance related to sexuality and normal pubertal development in the early school-age visits. - Question 37 1 out of 1 points A mother of a 6 - month-old asks you about normal sleep patterns for an infant this age. The best response is: Selected Answer: c. 10 hours at night and 3 - 4 hours during the day - Question 38 1 out of 1 points A child's head circumference is routinely measured on each well visit until what age? Selected Answer: b. 2 years - Question 39 1 out of 1 points
- Question 44 0 out of 1 points What method can be safely used to remove cerumen in a 15 - month-old child's ear? Selected Answer: b. A size 2 curette - Question 45 0 out of 1 points I can walk well on tiptoes, my speech is 50% understandable, I know six body parts, but I cannot balance on one foot for 1 second. I am: Selected Answer: c. 2 years old (24 months) - Question 46 1 out of 1 points Josh, age 13, has some enlargement of the scrotum and testes, a reddened scrotal sac, and some hair texture alteration. His penis is not enlarged. He is in Tanner stage Selected Answer: a. II - Question 47 1 out of 1 points Which of the following vaccines is routinely recommended at 4 months of age? Selected Answer: a. Diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis (DTaP) - Question 48 1 out of 1 points I can roll over, grasp a rattle, and reach for things and have begun feeding myself finger foods, but I can’t wave bye-bye yet. How old am I?
Selected Answer: b. 6 months
- Question 49 0 out of 1 points A 2 - day-old newbornwith conjunctivitis is likely due to Selected Answer: b. Chlamydia - Question 50 0 out of 1 points Which of the following conditions requires urgent inpatient admission? Selected Answer: b. Orbital cellulitis - Question 51 1 out of 1 points Mark, a 10 - year-old, has a lot of ear pain. He does not want anyone to touch it and is crying in pain. The ear canal is swollen and exudate is present. The TM is normal. Mark should be instructed to do which of the following? Selected Answer: c. Keep ear dry until symptoms improve. - Question 52 1 out of 1 points The nurse practitioner role was initially established to Selected Answer: a. Improve access to care and partially solve physician shortage. - Question 53 1 out of 1 points
- Question 58 0 out of 1 points Flourescein staining of the eye is used to detect a Selected Answer: b. Foreign body - Question 59 0 out of 1 points Role-play with equipment during the course of the physical exam would be the most beneficial with which age group? Selected Answer: b. Toddlers - Question 60 0 out of 1 points Which of the following substances is associated with pupillary constriction? Selected Answer: b. Amphetamines - Question 61 1 out of 1 points A 2 - day-old infant has significant nasal and rectal bleeding. He was delivered by a midwife at home; the pregnancy was without complications. His Apgar scores were 9 at 1 minute and 9 at 5 minutes. He has breastfed well and has not required a health care professional visit since birth. Which of the following vitamin deficiencies might explain his condition? Selected Answer: d. Vitamin K - Question 62 0 out of 1 points Please interpret the following labs for an adolescent. The adolescent has a history of obesity and acanthosis nigricans.
Test Results Fasting blood glucose 112 mg/dL 2 hour postprandial glucose 138 mg/dL Selected Answer: a. Impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance
- Question 63 0 out of 1 points Which of the following statements is true regarding lying and stealing by the school-age child? Selected Answer: b. They are more likely to happen with parents use consistent and firm behavior modeling. - Question 64 0 out of 1 points Which of the following would not suggest an eating disorder with a purging component? Selected Answer: b. Finger calluses - Question 65 0 out of 1 points You see a 30-month-old who speaks in mixed Spanish and English. The child’s vocabulary is normal but at the low end of the normal language spectrum. The parent is worried the child’s development will not be normal because she mixes up the two languages. You respond: Selected Answer: c. "The child may confuse the words now, but that will change by second grade." - Question 66 1 out of 1 points An 11 - year-old girl has dizziness, pupillary dilation, nausea, fever, techycardia, and facial flushing. She says she can "see" sound and "hear" colors. The agent likely to be responsible is which of the
Mantoux TST should not be used in a child who has received a Bacille Calmette- Guerin vaccination.
- Question 71 0 out of 1 points Which of the following represents normal sequencing of development in a toddler? Selected Answer: d. Uses spoon without difficulty, uses parallel play, dresses and undresses self independently, washes hands. - Question 72 1 out of 1 points An 8 - year-old female has an edematous, mildly erythematous right upper eyelid for 2 days with a fever of 102.9 (F). Which important eye assessment do you need to consider? Selected Answer: d. Ocular mobility - Question 73 0 out of 1 points I like to use my pincer grasp that involves the ablitily to pick up a small object such as a raisin or piece of cereal with the thumb and forefinger, and that is mastered around what age? Selected Answer: b. 6 months - Question 74 0 out of 1 points You are performing an examination of a 3 - year-old who is new to your office. Which finding requires immediate further evaluation? Selected Answer: a. Heart rate increases during inspiration and decreases during expiration. - Question 75 0 out of 1 points
Which of the following statements about "routine" screening tests is true? Selected Answer: a. Pelvic examinations are part of the examination of a sexually active adolescent.
- Question 76 1 out of 1 points You see a 6-month-old for a well-child visit and the mother tells you the child’s grandmother recommends that she give the infant whole milk and eggs when he starts solids. What should you tell the mother? Selected Answer: b. The baby should remain on infant formula and stage 2 and 3 baby foods for now. - Question 77 1 out of 1 points Which is the correct order for introduction of solid foods to an infant? Selected Answer: d. Cereal, vegetables, fruits, and meats - Question 78 1 out of 1 points For adolescent girls, peak height velocity should occur by Tanner Stage (SMR): Selected Answer: b. 3 - Question 79 1 out of 1 points Sarah, age 15, presents with pain and pressure over her cheeks and discolored nasal discharge. You cannot transilluminate the sinuses. You suspect which common sinus to be affected? Selected Answer: d. Maxillary sinus - Question 80
Selected Answer: c. 9 months
- Question 85 0 out of 1 points A child's central visual acuity is 20/30 by age Selected Answer: a. 4 years - Question 86 1 out of 1 points A typically developing 8 - year-old girl will have which of the following genital development? Selected Answer: b. No pubic hair at all - Question 87 1 out of 1 points A Mantoux test in a child with no risk factors is considered positive with a reaction of: Selected Answer: a. at least 15 mm induration - Question 88 1 out of 1 points You see a 5 - month-old who is fussy, has interrupted sleep, and is drooling. You note large lower lateral incisor bulges. You recommend: Selected Answer: e. A and D - Question 89 0 out of 1 points
You see a 13 - year-old who reports she is learning some basic geometry (areas, volume etc.). The ability to successfully master these concepts occurs during which Piaget developmental stage? Selected Answer: d. Concrete operational
- Question 90 0 out of 1 points Which of the following injuries is most likely to be caused by abuse of a toddler? Selected Answer: a. Spiral fracture of the tibia. - Question 91 1 out of 1 points FIRST-LINE therapy for preschoolers (4- 5 years of age) diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactive disorder is: Selected Answer: a. Behavior therapy - Question 92 1 out of 1 points A 4-month-old child has poor weight gain. Her current weight is less than the 5th percentile, height about the 10th percentile, and head circumference at the 50th percentile. The planned pregnancy resulted in a normal, spontaneous, vaginal delivery; mother and child were discharged after a 48- hour hospitalization. Feeding is via breast and bottle; the quantity seems sufficient. The child has had no illness. The examination is unremarkable except for the child’s small size. Screening laboratory shows the hemoglobin and hematocrit are 11 mg/dL and 33% respectively, with a platelet count of 198,000/mm3. Serum electrolyte levels are sodium 140, chloride 105, potassium 3.5, bicarbonate 17, blood urea nitrogen 15, and creatinine 0.3. Liver function tests are normal. Urinalysis reveals a pH of 8 with occasional epithelial cells but no white blood cells, bacteria, protein, ketones, or reducing substances. Which of the following is the most appropriate therapy for this child? Selected Answer: b. Oral supplementation with bicarbonate - Question 93 1 out of 1 points
