Download 2019 ABA Boiler Operator Study Guide Terms and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
2019 ABA Boiler Operator Study Guide
Terms
ABSOLUTE PRESSURE - correct answer The sum of gauge pressure and atmospheric pressure. ACCUMULATION TEST - correct answer Test used to establish the relieving capacity of boiler safety valves. AIR HEATER - correct answer Supplies heated air for combustion. Located in the breeching between the boiler and chimney. AIR TO FUEL RATIO - correct answer The ratio of the weight, or volume, of air to fuel. ALKALINITY - correct answer Determined by boiler water analysis. Boiler water with a PH over 7 is considered alkaline or base. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE - correct answer Temperature of the surrounding air. ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT - correct answer Piece of equipment not directly attached to the boiler but necessary for its operation. ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE - correct answer Pressure at sea level (14.7 psi). ATOMIZE - correct answer To break up liquid into a fine mist. AUTOMATIC NON-RETURN VALVE - correct answer Valve located on the steam line closest to the shell of the boiler that cuts the boiler on-line and off-line automatically.
BAFFLES - correct answer Direct the path of the gases of combustion so that the maximum heat will be absorbed by the water before the gases of combustion exit the boiler and enter the breeching and chimney. BALANCED DRAFT - correct answer When the intake damper is automatically controlled by the pressure in the furnace. Furnace pressure is maintained slightly below atmospheric pressure. BENT-TUBE BOILER - correct answer A water tube boiler with more than one drum in which tubes connect the drums. BLACK LIGHT - correct answer In magnetic particle inspection, light in the near ultraviolet range of wave lengths. BLOWBACK - correct answer The number of pounds per square inch of pressure drop in a boiler from the point where the safety valve pops to the point where the safety valve re-seats. BLOWDOWN TANK - correct answer Coded tank vented to the atmosphere that protects sewer lines from boiler pressure and high temperature when blowing down. BLOWDOWN VALVES - correct answer Found on the boiler blowdown line at the lowest part of the water side of the firetube boiler and the mud drum of a watertube boiler. BOILER (steam) - correct answer A closed vessel in which water is heated, steam is generated, under pressure by the application of heat from combustible fuels, electricity, or nuclear energy. BOILER CAPACITY - correct answer Pounds of steam per hour that a steam boiler is capable of producing. BOILERS IN BATTERY - correct answer Two or more boilers connected to a common steam header.
BYPASS DAMPER - correct answer Controls the air temperature in air heaters or economizers in order to maintain sufficient temperature to prevent condensation of the flue gases. BYPASS LINE - correct answer A pipeline that passes around a control, heater or steam trap. Used so that a plant can operate while equipment is serviced or repaired. CALIBRATE - correct answer Adjusting a pressure gauge to conform to a test gauge. CARRYOVER - correct answer Particles of water carried out with the flow of the steam into the main steam line and process equipment. Usually a result of foaming, it is caused by faulty boiler water condition. CAUSTIC CRACKING - correct answer Also called caustic embrittlement cracking, usually occurring in carbon steels or iron-chromium nickel alloys that are exposed to concentrated hydroxide solutions at temperatures of 400 to 480˚f CAUSTIC EMBRITTLEMENT - correct answer The collection of high alkaline material that leads to breakdown and weakening of boiler metal. CENTRIFUGAL FORCE - correct answer Force caused by a rotating impeller that builds up in a centrifugal pump. Most boiler feed pumps are this type. CENTRIFUGAL PUMP - correct answer Works on the principle of centrifugal force converted into water pressure by a rotating impeller. CHECK VALVE - correct answer A valve designed to prevent reversal of flow and allow the flow of a liquid in one direction. CHEMICAL CONCENTRATION - correct answer The amount of a specific chemical in the boiler water.
CHIMNEY - correct answer Used to create natural draft. Also referred to as a boiler stack and used to allow the exhausting of the gases of combustion to the atmosphere. COMBUSTION - correct answer The rapid reaction of oxygen with a fuel that results in the release of heat. COMBUSTION AIR AND VENTILATION - correct answer NBIC 2.5.4 - The equipment room shall have an adequate air supply to permit clean & safe combustion, minimize soot formation, and maintain a minimum of 19.5% oxygen in the air of the boiler room. COMBUSTION AIR REQUIREMENTS NBIC 2.5.4 - The combustion and ventilation air should be supplied by _____. - correct answer either an unobstructed air opening or by power ventilation or fans COMBUSTION AIR REQUIREMENTS NBIC 2.5.4 - Unobstructed air openings shall be sized on the basis of _____. - correct answer 1 square inch (650 sq. mm) free area per 2000 Btu/hr ( W) Burner Input COMBUSTION CONTROL - correct answer Regulates the air to fuel ratio supplied to the burner. COMPLETE COMBUSTION - correct answer The burning of all supplied fuel using the minimum amount of excess air. COMPRESSIVE STRESS - correct answer Occurs when two forces of equal intensity act from opposite directions, pushing toward the center of an object. Fire tubes in a firetube boiler are subjected to this. CONDENSATE - correct answer Steam that has lost its latent heat and has returned to water. CONDENSATE PUMP - correct answer Used to return condensed steam (condensate) to the open feedwater heater.
DATA PLATE of a SAFETY RELIEF VALVE - correct answer A plate securely fastened to a safety relief valve shall contain data & stamping required by the ASME and be a National Board Capacity Certified Valve. DATA STAMPING (SCOTCH MARINE BOILERS) - correct answer ASME BPVC, Section 1, PG-111.6 The ASME Code Stamping shall be performed directly on either side of the boiler shell near the normal water level line and as near as practical to the front tubesheet. These Stampings shall be left uncovered or an easily removable marked cover may be provided over the stamping when a boiler is covered with insulation, or jacketed. DATA STAMPING (WATERTUBE Drum Type BOILERS) - correct answer ASME BPVC, Section 1, PG-111.5.1 The ASME Code Stamping shall be performed directly on a head of the steam outlet drum near and above the manhole. These Stampings shall be left uncovered or an easily removable marked cover may be provided over the stamping when a boiler is covered with insulation, or jacketed. DEAERATING FEEDWATER HEATER - correct answer Type of open feedwater heater utilized to mechanically scrub the dissolved oxygen & gases from the boiler feedwater prior to being supplied to the boiler. DE-SUPERHEATING - correct answer Removing heat from superheated steam to make it suitable for process. DRAFT - correct answer The difference in pressure between two points that causes air or gases to flow. DRY PIPE SEPARATOR - correct answer A closed pipe perforated at the top with drain holes on the bottom that remove moisture from the steam. ECONOMIZER - correct answer Utilizes the waste heat from the gases of combustion to heat the feedwater. ELEMENT - correct answer A basic substance consisting of atoms.
ENTHALPY - correct answer Total heat in the steam specifically the total of the Latent Heat & the Sensible Heat EROSION - correct answer Wearing away of metal caused by the wet steam. EQUALIZING LINE - correct answer Line used to warm up the main steam line and equalize the pressure around the main steam stop valve to allow the steam line to warm-up slowly. EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN SWITCH (E-STOP) NBIC 2.5.3.2 - correct answer A manually operated remote shutdown switch or circuit breaker located just outside the boiler room and marked for easy identification. EVAPORATION TEST / SLOW DRAIN - correct answer Test that checks the operation of the low water fuel cutoff and mimics the loss of a feedwater pump to allow the boiler water level to fall slowly. EXCESS AIR - correct answer Air more than the theoretical amount of air needed for combustion and necessary to achieve complete combustion in a burner. EXPANSION BENDS - correct answer Installed on boiler main steam lines to allow for the safe expansion and contraction of the steam piping. EXTERNAL TREATMENT - correct answer Boiler water treated before it enters the boiler to remove scale-forming salts, dissolved oxygen and non-condensable gases. FEEDWATER - correct answer Water that is supplied to the steam boiler. FEEDWATER HEATER - correct answer Used to heat feedwater and prevent thermal shock before it enters the boiler.
FLAREBACK - correct answer Flames discharging from the boiler through access doors or ports caused by delayed ignition, furnace pressure buildup, or a failure to open exhaust stack dampers. FLASH BLOWDOWN HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM - correct answer A heat recovery system used to reclaim the heat from the surface blowdown water and used in conjunction with the continuous blowdown system. FLASH POINT - correct answer Temperature at which fuel oil, when heated, produces a vapor that flashes when exposed to an open flame. FLASH STEAM - correct answer Created when water at a high temperature has a sudden drop in pressure. FLASH TANK - correct answer Used with a continuous blowdown system to recover the flash steam from the water being removed from the steam and water drum. FLAT GAUGE GLASS - correct answer Type of gauge glass used for pressure over 250 psi. FLEXIBLE JOINT - correct answer Used to allow for expansion and contraction of steam or water lines. FLOW METER - correct answer Meter used to measure the flow of steam or water in the system. FOAMING - correct answer Rapid fluctuations of the boiler water level that can lead to priming or carryover. Caused by impurities on the surface of the boiler water (oil, fat, grease, chemical concentrations) FORCED DRAFT - correct answer Mechanical draft produced by a fan forcing the combustion air into the furnace.
FREE-BLOWING DRAIN - correct answer A valve installed between the two main steam stop valves on a boiler to remove trapped condensate from the main steam line, but more importantly, to establish the integrity of the steam valves on a boiler when inspecting the boiler while other boilers in battery are steaming. FRONT HEADER - correct answer Connected to the steam and water drum by downcomer nipples. FUEL OIL HEATER - correct answer Used to heat fuel oil at the correct temperature so it can be pumped and burned. Can be electric or steam. FUEL OIL PUMP - correct answer Pump that takes fuel oil from the fuel oil tank and delivers it to the burner at the proper volume & pressure. FURNACE EXPLOSION - correct answer Occurs when fuel or combustible gas has built up in the fire side of the boiler. Common causes are leaking fuel valves, failure of combustion air fans, or failure to purge the furnace. FURNACE VOLUME - correct answer Amount of space available in a furnace to complete combustion. GAS ANALYZER - correct answer Used to analyze the gases of combustion to determine combustion efficiency. GAS COCK - correct answer A manual quick-closing shutoff valve. GAS LEAK DETECTOR - correct answer Device used to locate gas leaks in a boiler room. GAS PRESSURE REGULATOR - correct answer Used to supply gas to the burner at the required volume & pressure needed for combustion of the gas.
HEAT TRANSFER - correct answer Movement of heat from one substance to another that can be accomplished by radiant conduction or convection. HEATING SURFACE - correct answer That part of the boiler that has heat and gases of combustion on one side and water on the other. HEATING VALUE - correct answer Expressed in BTU's per gallon or per pound, this varies with the type of fuel used. HIGH WATER ALARM - correct answer Warns the operator of high-water condition in the boiler. High water condition in a boiler is considered dangerous due to the potential of causing damage from water hammer to the equipment, valves, and the steam pipe. HIGH FIRE - correct answer Point of firing cycle when burner is burning the maximum amount of fuel per unit of time. HIGH PRESSURE STEAM BOILER - correct answer Boiler that operates at a steam pressure over 15 psi and over 6 boiler horsepower. HORIZONTAL RETURN TUBULAR BOILER - correct answer Type of fire tube boiler that consists of a drum suspended over the firebox. HUDDLING CHAMBER - correct answer Part on a safety valve that increases the area of the safety valve disc, thus increasing the total upward force, causing the valve to pop open. HYDROGEN - correct answer A basic element that is present in gas, coal and fuel oil. HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE - correct answer Water pressure per vertical foot (.433) exerted at the base of a column of water. HYDROSTATIC TEST - correct answer A pressure test made using water to test the integrity of the pressure vessel after manufacture or after repair work on the steam or water side of a boiler or a pressure vessel.
IGNITION - correct answer The lightoff point of a combustible material. IMPELLER - correct answer The rotating element found in a centrifugal pump that converts centrifugal force into pressure. INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION - correct answer Occurs when all the fuel is not burned, resulting in the formation of smoke, smoke, and dangerous carbon monoxide. INDUCED DRAFT - correct answer Draft that is produced mechanically using a fan located between the boiler and the chimney. INFRARED - correct answer Invisible light rays produced by the combustion process and detected by a flame scanner. INSULATION - correct answer Material used to cover steam, water, and fuel oil lines for burn protection and to reduce the radiant heat losses. INTERLOCK - correct answer Used with burner controls to ensure proper operating sequence. INTERNAL FEEDWATER LINE - correct answer Perforated line located just below the NOWL in a watertube boiler that distributes the relatively cool feedwater over a large area to prevent thermal shock to the boiler metal. INTERNAL FURNACE (Main Furnace Tube) - correct answer Furnace that is located within the boiler and is surrounded by water in the scotch marine firetube boiler. INTERNAL OVERFLOW - correct answer A pipeline located in an open feedwater heater that prevents the water level from exceeding a fixed level and flooding the system. INTERNAL TREATMENT - correct answer The addition of chemicals directly into the boiler water to control pitting, scale, corrosion, and caustic embrittlement.
MAIN STEAM HEADER - correct answer That part of the steam system which connects boilers in battery and then distributes the steam to wherever it is needed. MAIN STEAM STOP VALVE - correct answer Valve or valves found on the main steam line leaving the boiler. MAKE-UP WATER - correct answer Water that must be added to the boiler to replenish the water that is evaporated to steam and supplied to the process. MANHOLE - correct answer Opening found on the steam and water side of a boiler that is used for cleaning and inspection of the boiler. MANOMETER - correct answer Instrument used to measure boiler draft. MANUAL-RESET SECONDARY LOW-WATER FUEL CUTOFF - correct answer Used to shut off the fuel to the burner in the event the primary low water fuel cutoff fails in a low water condition and requires the operator to manually reset the control once the water level in the boiler has been re-established. The control is usually located ¾" to 1" below the level of the primary low water fuel cutoff. MAWP (MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE WORKING PRESSURE) - correct answer Determined by the design and construction of the boiler in conformance with the ASME code. MICROPROCESSOR (Burner Management System BMS) - correct answer A computer acting as a flame-monitoring device that programs the burner, blower motor, ignition and fuel valves to provide for safe burner operation. MODULATING MOTOR - correct answer Receives signals from the modulating pressure control and works in conjunction with a jack shaft to position the air to fuel ratio linkage. MODULATING PRESSURE CONTROL - correct answer Located at the highest part of the steam side of the boiler and sends a signal to the modulating motor that controls the firing rate of the burner.
MUD DRUM - correct answer Lowest part of the water side of a water tube boiler. MULTIPLE-PASS BOILER - correct answer Boilers that are equipped with baffles to direct the flow of the gases of combustion so that the gases make more than one pass over the heating surfaces. NATURAL GAS - correct answer A combustible gas that is found in pockets trapped underground and consists mainly of methane. NON-ADHERING SLUDGE - correct answer Residue formed in a boiler when scale- forming salts are created by adding feedwater chemicals. The chemicals prevent the sludge from adhering to the tubes and allows the sludge to be discharged utilizing the bottom blowdown valve. NON-CONDENSABLE GASES - correct answer Gases found in boiler makeup water (oxygen) and in the condensate. NORMAL OPERATING CONTROL - correct answer Device that controls pressure or temperature in a specific range (see PRESSURE CONTROL). NOWL (NORMAL OPERATING WATER LEVEL) - correct answer Water level carried in the boiler gauge glass during normal operation (approximately one-third to one-half glass). OPERATING RANGE - correct answer Range that must be set when using an ON/OFF combustion control in order to prevent extremes in firing rate. ORIFICE PLATE - correct answer Plate with a fixed opening that is installed in a pipeline to give a certain pressure drop across the opening and measure the capacity of the liquid or steam flowing within the pipe. OUTSIDE STEM AND YOKE VALVE (OS&Y) - correct answer Shows by the position of the stem whether it is open or closed. Used as boiler main steam stop valve(s).
PRE-PURGE - correct answer The passing of air through a furnace prior to light-off to remove any fuel or fuel vapors. PRESSURE CONTROL - correct answer Attached to the highest part of the steam side of a boiler to control its operating range. PRESSURE GAUGE - correct answer Calibrated in pounds per square inch. Used to indicate various pressures in the system. PRESSURE-REDUCING STATION - correct answer Where steam pressure is reduced for a specific plant process. PRIMARY AIR - correct answer Air supplied to the burner that regulates the rate of combustion. PROCESS STEAM - correct answer Steam used in the plant for manufacturing purposes. PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION - correct answer Gases that are formed as a fuel is burned in the furnace. PROGRAMMER - correct answer Control that initiates the pre-purge and controls the burner through a firing cycle. PROPORTIONING CHEMICAL FEED PUMP - correct answer Pump that can be adjusted to feed chemicals to a boiler over a 24-hour period. PROVING PILOT - correct answer Sighting the pilot through the scanner to verify that the pilot is lit. PSI (POUNDS PER SQUARE INCH) - correct answer Unit of measurement used to express the amount of pressure present in a given structure or system.
PUMP CONTROLLER - correct answer Starts and stops a feedwater pump, depending on the water level in the boiler. PURGE PERIOD - correct answer Before ignition and after burner shutdown to remove any explosive combustibles. PYROMETER - correct answer High-pressure thermocouple used to measure furnace temperatures. QUALITY OF STEAM - correct answer Term used to express the moisture content present in saturated steam, this affects the BTU content of the steam. QUICK-CLOSING VALVE - correct answer Valve that requires a one-quarter turn to be fully open or closed. RADIANT SUPERHEATER - correct answer A nest of tubes that the saturated steam passes through to acquire heat. RATE OF COMBUSTION - correct answer The amount of fuel that is being burned in the furnace per unit of time. RAW WATER - correct answer Untreated water from wells or city water lines. RECIPROCATING PUMP - correct answer Positive-displacement pump used to pump liquids. RECORDER - correct answer An instrument that records data such as pressures and temperatures over a period of time. REFRACTORY - correct answer Refracts the heat and protects the boiler doors, components, etc. from overheating.
