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TRENDS IN TOURISM
Reading
Exercise 1, page 8 C, A, F, B, D, E
Exercise 2, page 8 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are mentioned.
1 amusement: Texts A and E 3 education: Text B 4 health: Text C 5 religion: Text F 6 shopping: Text D 7 sport: Text C
Speaking
Example answers types of holiday: more foreign travel, decline of package holiday, tailored to individual tastes, exotic destinations advances in technology: the internet, online booking choice of accommodation: wider, e.g. self- catering, staying with indigenous population transport infrastructure: possible to access more places as developing countries’ infrastructure improves the profile of tourists: more people able to afford overseas travel
Exercise 4, page 9
Students’ own answers.
Listening
Exercise 5, page 9 1, 4 and 5 are mentioned. 1 to recharge their batteries, e.g. a short break to a capital city like Rome 4 fulfilling a dream, e.g. saving up to go on a round-the-world cruise 5 to gain prestige, e.g. travelling to an exotic location like Easter Island or the Antarctic
Exercise 6, page 9 1 get away 2 refreshed 3 wish fulfilment 4 gain prestige 5 impress 6 socialize
Exercise 7, page 9 Push factors: better weather (for British people), desire for adventure, an activity that can’t be found at home Pull factors: destination is easy to get to and attractive, it is a cheap place to visit, it is holding a special event like the Olympics
Speaking
Exercise 8, page 9 Students’ own answers.
RECENT
DEVELOPMENTS
Listening
Exercise 1, page 10 1 hasn’t disappeared 2 is disappearing 3 growing trend 4 emerging 5 are being opened 6 are being generated 7 is expanding 8 has been rising 9 underlying 10 shift
Exercise 2, page 10 She predicts an increase in ‘slow travel’, i.e. journeys made by slower means than air travel, such as train, boat or bicycle and where the journey itself is part of the holiday. This is partly because fuel price rises will make flying more expensive and partly because of a general trend towards a slower and more reflective pace of life.
Grammar
Exercise 3, page 11 1 ’ve seen: F 2 ’ve been selling: U 3 have been destroyed: F 4 are using: U 5 is having: U 6 are becoming: U
Exercise 4, page 11 1 is rising / has been rising 2 may be fulfilling 3 has been rebuilt 4 draws 5 has changed 6 is still changing 7 has seen 8 have been destroyed / are being destroyed 9 has grown 10 has driven / has been driving 11 are moving / have been moving 12 is going 13 has also just arrived
Writing
Exercise 5, page 11
Students’ own answers.
PROFESSIONAL
SKILLS
USING VISUALS
Reading
Exercise 1, page 12 1 They went up steadily during the first six months of this year but have been growing more gradually than during the peak growth periods of last year. 2 They reported a modest increase in traffic over the first 14 weeks but growth has declined slightly over recent weeks. 3 It has improved further but has levelled off.
Exercise 2, page 12 Nouns: rise, increase, hike, decrease, surge Verbs: went up, growing, outpaced, declined, expand, soared, boost, improved, levelled off, rise, dip Adverbs: steadily, gradually, slightly, further, fast Adjectives: upward, modest, sharp, significant
Exercise 3, page 12 Suggested answers rapid change: hike, surge, outpaced, soared, boost, fast, sharp to stop rising or falling: to level off
Vocabulary
Exercise 4, page 13 A bar chart B pie chart C line graph D table
Extra activity 1 0.68% 2 9.05% 3 120.1 4 450, 5 50,000,
Exercise 5, page 13 1 bar 2 segment 3 vertical axis 4 horizontal axis 5 row 6 column
Listening
Exercise 6, page 13 1 represents 2 shows 3 portrays 4 illustrates 5 breakdown
CASE STUDY
TAILOR A
PACKAGE
Getaway Travel
Exercise 1, page 14 1 The WTO has predicted that China will be the fourth largest international market by 2020, representing 6.4 percent of the total market share. 2 The Chinese economy is growing and people have more to spend on travel. 3 8.3 = (million) the increase in the number of Chinese tourists who travelled overseas last year from the previous year 6.4% = the percentage of international tourism represented by the Chinese market 17.5% = the annual growth of China’s outbound tourism
2 GET THE
MESSAGE
Vocabulary
Exercise 1, page 16 [ C ] stands for ‘countable’. [ U ] stands for ‘uncountable’. They appear after the abbreviation n , which stands for ‘noun’.
Exercise 2, page 16 1 A 2 A 3 P 4 P
Grammar
Exercise 3, page 16 feedback , hype and information are never countable. The others may be countable or uncountable depending on the context.
Exercise 4, page 17 1 promotion: a [U], b [C] 2 design: a [C], b [U] 3 investment: a [U], b [C] 4 copy: a [U], b [C] 5 a travel: [U], b travels [C]
Extra activity
Countable: hotel Uncountable: accommodation, advice, employment, insurance, money, work Both: reception, room, time
Vocabulary
Exercise 5, page 17 1 e 2 i 3 g 4 j 5 h 6 d 7 b 8 a 9 c 10 f
Listening
Exercise 6, page 17 1 load 2 bandwidth 3 headers 4 is too much text 5 won’t open
Extra activity
1 Transfare 2 No. This is the beta version. The first version they will have seen is the alpha version. 3 No. Brad thinks it’s awful , Kristin thinks it’s gross. 4 No. There are too many problems with appearance, functionality and links.
SOCIAL MEDIA
Speaking
Exercise 1, page 18 1 Students’ own answers. 2 Travel organizations rely on word-of-mouth recommendations, which social media can make very easy. Digital marketing on social networking and microblogging sites is becoming more popular.
Reading
Exercise 3, page 18 Students’ own answers.
Exercise 4, page 18 Students’ own answers.
Exercise 5, page 18 1 They videoed their applications and posted them on YouTube. 2 by the number of votes cast in favour of the video 3 It was innovative because it used social media for the campaign. It was traditional in that it also featured offline public relations and standard techniques such as classified ads.
Vocabulary
Exercise 6, page 19 1 money 2 candidates 3 a video 4 a campaign 5 a website
Listening
Exercise 7, page 19 1 × He says that’s an exaggeration and the campaign was successful because it was integrated, i.e. it used both traditional and social media. 2 × He refers to number of votes cast and return on investment, so it is possible to measure it. 3 × He refers to the dialogue between those running the campaign and the customers. 4 He refers to it as a shoestring budget. 5 × He says it was phenomenal and rather unexpected , i.e. much better than expected.
Exercise 8, page 19 1 number of votes cast 2 amount spent on media coverage 3 the global audience 4 the number of one-minute videos uploaded 5 the number of page views, i.e. the number of times the pages were viewed 6 the average time spent viewing the website
PROFESSIONAL
SKILLS
MAINTAINING A
WEBSITE
Listening
Exercise 1, page 20
Student’s own answers.
Exercise 2, page 20 1 on a regular basis 2 news releases 3 updated content 4 subscribe to an online newsletter 5 mobile web devices and smartphones 6 embedded video 7 perfect medium 8 search engines
Extra activity
1 by updating it regularly 2 recognize new and updated content 3 They are time-consuming to write. 4 podcasts, because customers can listen before or during the tour 5 It allows visitors to get an idea of what a destination is really like. 6 optimize the site so that it will have a high ranking on search engines
Exercise 3, page 20 1 scan 2 hits 3 updating 4 ranking 5 broadcast 6 Embedded 7 traffic
Writing
Exercise 4, page 21 Suggested answers 1 non-transferrable 2 person 3 An invoice will then be sent to you by return of post. 4 Delete ‘money orders’. 5 by the deposit due date on the booking form 6 For most departures 7 Receipt of your deposit indicates that you accept the terms and conditions. 8 in writing 9 In the event of a billing error, Cygnus reserves the right to re-invoice you with the correct pricing. 10 and your full deposit will be retained
CASE STUDY
IMPROVE A MEDIA
PROFILE
The Genesis Valley project
Exercise 1, page 22 1 families with an interest in nature and the animal kingdom 2 It appears to be in decline, despite the successful launch ten years ago. 3 unpredictable weather in an outdoor attraction, people having less money to spend on leisure activities, children preferring to spend their time online or playing video games
Communication failure
Exercise 2, page 23 1 c 2 d 3 a 4 b
Reading
Exercise 6, page 25
Students’ own answers. Famous international hotel brands could include Hilton, Holiday Inn, Ibis, Marriott, Sheraton. All hotels in the chain will be recognizable by their use of colour, furnishings, facilities offered, etc. so that staying in one hotel in the chain will be a similar experience to another.
Exercise 7, page 25
1 They lacked warmth and personality. 2 stylish , sophisticated , elegant , intimate , unique (also innovative , aesthetically pleasing , warm , distinctive ) 3 Major brands and independent owners work together to provide a unique environment for guests in lifestyle hotels.
Exercise 8, page 25
1 uninspiring 2 intimate 3 attentive 4 aesthetically 5 innovative 6 stylish
Exercise 9, page 25
Students’ own answers.
HOTELS OF THE
FUTURE
Listening
Exercise 1, page 26
Students’ own answers.
Exercise 2, page 26
a Speaker 3 b Speaker 5 c Speaker 4 d Speaker 2 e Speaker 1
Grammar
Exercise 3, page 26
1 chances are 2 In all probability 3 highly likely 4 may not 5 may well 6 bound to be 7 could even be 8 probably won’t
Reading
Exercise 4, page 27 The text mentions: 1 business collaboration (association of hotel brands with other brands) 2 check-in and departure) 3 hotel décor (décor and furnishings) 4 the grey market (older generation) 7 social networks (secure social media)
Exercise 5, page 27 is likely to, will, might, could, may well, likely, will definitely, will certainly, is unlikely that Additional expressions: implies that, are sure to
Exercise 6, page 27 Students’ own answers. They are likely to base their answers on the percentage of respondents in the survey who expressed the same ideas; 92 percent wanted personalization of the hotel stay and 57 percent said that multigenerational holidays would become more popular.
PROFESSIONAL
SKILLS
CREATING A
BUSINESS PLAN
Speaking
Exercise 1, page 28 Students’ own answers.
Exercise 2, page 28 1 b 2 d 3 a 4 e 5 g 6 f 7 c
Exercise 3, page 29 A Financial forecasts B SWOT analysis
1 earmark 2 investment 3 balance sheet 4 break even 5 data 6 value 7 calibre 8 advantage
Listening
Exercise 4, page 29
1 $22,000 2 $4,500 3 5 years 4 $2, 5 $1,200 6 1 year 7 $34,
A $2,200 B $400 C $1,200 D $ 100
Extra activity
$300.
Exercise 5, page 29
1 $34,100 2 $25,900 3 300 4 $ 5 $34,100 6 $25,900 7 1,000 8 $
CASE STUDY
INVEST IN A
HOTEL
Reading
Exercise 1, page 30
1 The three students have won $3 million in a business competition. 2 They plan to open up a hotel or guest house.
Exercise 2, page 30
1 Waterfront Hotel (the only accommodation in the region) 2 Black Hills (many of the guests are regular customers) 3 Black Hills (equipped with an air purification system designed to reduce allergies and kill 99 percent of all known germs) 4 Boutique Hotel (Asking price: Negotiable ... We will accept any reasonable offer.) 5 Waterfront Hotel (plenty of room for adding other amenities) 6 Black Hills (ideal location for ... business retreats) 7 Black Hills (owner-occupied tax status)
Speaking
Exercise 3, page 31
Students’ own answers.
Listening
Exercise 4, page 31 1 30 2 100 3 70 4 150,000 5 75 6 35 7 125 8 115,000 9 95 10 155 11 265,
TASK
Possible outcome The choice of hotel depends to some extent on personal preference. All three have strengths and weaknesses.
Waterfront Hotel, Estonia Strengths
- excellent location
- possibility of expansion
- well-decorated
- no real competition Weaknesses
- possibly difficult access (by ferry?)
- lowest peak season occupancy rate
- lower profit than Black Hills
Black Hills, South Dakota Strengths
- well situated
- diverse clientele
- healthy environment
- owner-occupation tax status
- marketing support from the franchisor
- highest profit Weaknesses
- relatively high price
- lack of independence
- small property with no possibility for expansion
- needs refurbishment
- high up-front franchise fee and a six percent fixed royalty
Boutique hotel, Mallorca Strengths
- price negotiable in a falling market
- owners have a valid reason to sell
- pleasant location near Palma
- well decorated
- good turnover for short season Weaknesses
- market is falling and may fall further
- hotel will not earn money when closed but will still require maintenance
- owners will have to pay rent elsewhere if they do not wish to stay there during winter
Grammar
Exercise 5, page 35
1 reminding 2 stated 3 pointed out 4 acknowledged 5 felt 6 warned 7 urged 8 confirmed 9 promised 10 disagreed 11 suggested 12 observed
PROFESSIONAL
SKILLS
CHAIRING A
MEETING
Reading
Exercise 1, page 36
Students’ own answers.
Exercise 2, page 36
Reasons why meetings can be frustrating:
- The meeting lasts too long, causing boredom and lethargy.
- It is badly organized, possibly without an agenda, so it is difficult to focus the discussion.
- There are no minutes to follow from the previous meeting, leading to time wasted at the beginning of the meeting.
- The chairperson dominates the meeting without allowing others to participate effectively. Elements of a successful meeting:
- Everyone is aware of its purpose.
- The discussion is relevant to the points on the agenda.
- Everyone is able to contribute.
- Sufficient time is allocated to each topic.
- No one is allowed to digress.
- People are polite and do not interrupt or monopolise the proceedings.
- The chair sums up and sets a date for the next meeting.
Vocabulary
Exercise 3, page 36
1 i 2 g 3 f 4 e 5 c 6 h 7 j 8 d 9 a 10 b
Exercise 4, page 37 1 State 2 Appoint 3 keep 4 Ensure 5 Put 6 Set 7 Allow 8 Dominate
Listening
Exercise 5, page 37 Suggested answer The participants all represent organizations concerned with the protection of the Antarctic Ocean and marine life, so they will be interested in making sure the wreck of the MS Discovery does not do any environmental damage.
Exercise 7, page 37 1 F (The objective is to discuss how such accidents can be avoided in future.) 2 T 3 F (They discuss refloating the ship before it starts leaking oil.) 4 F (It is suggested that if the ship had had sonar, the accident could have been avoided.) 5 T (They were uncovered.) 6 T
Extra activity 1 The peninsula off the coast of Chile (the Southern Ocean, though this is not stated). 2 At the bottom of the sea. 3 No. All 285 passengers and crew are safe. 4 Dr Howard says that the distances from Australia to the Antarctic are greater than those in this accident and that the sea is rougher. 5 It can interfere with some marine animals and also with contact between ships in the same area. 6 They are not properly protected against icebergs and frozen seawater; they produce a large amount of non-biodegradable garbage that ends up on the ocean floor; some companies have been convicted of discharging oil and waste chemicals into the water.
Exercise 8, page 37
He carried out all of them except 6 and 7. He did not summarize the discussion as they were moving on to the next item on the agenda so the meeting was not yet finished. He did not call for a vote. Several suggestions were made (equipping ships with sonar, ensuring lifeboats are covered, improving training of crews, banning very large ships with unprotected hulls from sailing there) but these are not put to the vote and no decision is made.
Writing
Exercise 9, page 37
Model answer Meeting to discuss sinking of MS Discovery 31 March 20__ Present: Fernando Morales, Barbara White, Richard Baxter, Dr Howard, Tanya Olsen Apologies for absence: none
Chairman Fernando Morales called the meeting to order at 10.30 a.m.
1 FM apologized for not circulating an agenda in advance and explained that this was in view of the need to hold the meeting at short notice. He explained that the meeting was called to discuss the sinking of the MS Discovery and how such accidents could be avoided in future. 2 BW advised the meeting that the cruise ship MS Discovery sank last Thursday after hitting an iceberg near the Antarctic Peninsula. All 285 passengers and crew were rescued by an Australian vessel and safely flown to Chile. RB pointed out that the rescue ship took over three hours to arrive. DH added that a similar accident in the Australian Antarctic territory would have taken longer a rescue time because of greater distances and more extreme weather conditions. He felt that tourism management in east Antarctica was even more problematic than in the Peninsula. 3 TO asked if it would be possible to refloat the MS Discovery before it started leaking oil. FM advised that this point would be covered later in the meeting and asked BW to comment on measures to avoid a recurrence of accidents at sea. 4 BW noted that the MS Discovery did not have sonar. She felt that this contributed to the accident and suggested that all ships
should be equipped with forward- and downward-looking sonar. DH disagreed that this would prevent accidents in all cases as if several ships were in the same area, their sonar would interfere with each other. He also pointed out that it could interfere with marine animals that use echolocation. 5 TO noted that the lifeboats involved in the rescue operation were uncovered, leading to passengers having to wait in freezing conditions for several hours. She suggested that lifeboats should be covered. FM reminded her that item 3 of the agenda would cover health and safety issues. 6 DH raised the issue of training, pointing out that, while the crew behaved professionally on this occasion, it highlighted the need for thorough training in rescue operations. 7 RB felt that many cruise ships were not built to withstand arctic conditions and carried too many passengers. This resulted in a large amount of garbage being produced daily, much of this non-biodegradable, and would lie on the ocean floor. TO added that some tour operators had been prosecuted in recent years for discharging oil and causing pollution. FM called the meeting to order and moved on to the next item.
CASE STUDY
DEVELOP AN
ECO-RESORT
The Brijuni Archipelago
Exercise 1, page 38 1 the mild climate, beautiful scenery, wildlife, comfortable hotels, activities and water sports festival 2 Some of the wildlife is at risk but there are conservation laws to protect the breeding colonies. The water sports are potentially a threat to marine life. 3 Many visitors enjoy their stay but it is also felt that the accommodation is bland and the activities unspectacular.
A self-catering eco-resort
Exercise 2, page 38 a, b, c, e, f and h are mentioned.
AIRPORT
SECURITY
Reading
Exercise 1, page 42
Students’ own answers.
Exercise 2, page 42
1 T (Other bags, such as handbags, may be carried within the single item of cabin baggage.) 2 T (The bag must be presented separately for examination at airport security.) 3 F (it must be carried on the person ...) 4 T (Passengers are obliged to bring supporting documentation ...) 5 F (The accompanying adult must taste it.) 6 F (They are not permitted to deviate from these regulations.)
Grammar
Exercise 3, page 43
(Modals are shown in bold.) is restricted, may be carried , should be put , are (only) allowed, must be presented , may be taken , must not be placed , must be carried , are not authorized, may be permitted , are obliged, can be taken , will be required , have to be removed ... and screened , are not permitted, are being searched, being sent ... and/or fined
Exercise 4, page 43
a must be presented, must not be placed, must be carried, have to be removed, will be required b should be put c may be carried, may be taken, may be permitted, can be taken
Exercise 5, page 43 1 is displayed 2 are printed out 3 are attached 4 can be used 5 are read 6 can scan 7 pass by 8 are routed 9 be scanned 10 has been identified 11 is taken 12 is obstructed 13 be routed 14 is loaded 15 (is) sorted 16 are transferred 17 (are) taken 18 be placed
PROFESSIONAL
SKILLS
DEALING WITH
DIFFICULT
SITUATIONS
Listening
Exercise 1, page 44 Students’ own answers.
Exercise 2, page 44 Karen Situation: problem at check-in with a disruptive family causing a disturbance Action taken: family separated from other passengers; Dalal asked to open another counter Steve Situation: a man arrived late; his wife was about to have a baby; flight was full and check-in had been for closed 25 minutes Action taken: Rachel called the captain and he agreed to let him board the plane. Tadzio Situation: a passenger abused a colleague and Tadzio punched the man on the nose Action taken: Tadzio has been disciplined and suspended for two weeks; the passenger has been blacklisted
Exercise 3, page 44 1 Karen and Steve acted calmly and efficiently. Tadzio’s reaction was inappropriate and unprofessional, though understandable in the defence of his colleague. 2 Students’ own answers.
Exercise 4, page 44
1 to control their 2 rowing / arguing 3 who had the passports 4 was spread onto the 5 started to get annoyed and abusive 6 to open another counter 7 had closed 25 minutes 8 was in labour 9 agreed to let him on board 10 hit her in the face 11 punched the passenger in the 12 has been suspended 13 an apology was received 14 has been blacklisted 15 be able to fly with us for three years
Exercise 5, page 45
1 Assume 2 Listen 3 Provide 4 Reassure 5 Take 6 Respond 7 Avoid
Exercise 6, page 45
1 He observes the first three dos. He does not observe number 4: he does attempt to find a solution for the stranded passengers but his manner is not reassuring. 2 The agent uses five expressions: I’m sorry. I fully understand how feel. I can understand why you’re feeling frustrated. I hear what you’re saying. I’m very sorry for the inconvenience. I’m doing my best to help you. 3 The passengers are still annoyed despite his efforts because he does not use reassuring language. 4 He shouldn’t have said I can’t tell you that , I can’t say that or I can’t without following it up as this creates a negative impression.
Extra activity
1 It has been cancelled. 2 six and a half hours because an earlier fight was also cancelled 3 a refund on airline transfers in Frankfurt which he will now miss, and hotel accommodation 4 fill in a complaints form 5 a flight to Munich leaving the same evening
Speaking
Exercise 7, page 45
Students’ own answers.
Exercise 8, page 45 The clerk is reassuring, modifies his language and promises to help the passengers. He uses the following skills: First extract: 4 (That’s no problem, everything will be taken care of; there’s no need to worry) Second extract: 1 (I fully understand how you feel); 2 (I’m afraid it doesn’t look as if that’s going to be possible); 3 (unfortunately, I’ve been told that there are no more seats)
CASE STUDY
DEVELOP AIRPORT
INFRASTRUCTURE
Claybourne Airport
Exercise 1, page 46 1 RedBird airlines and BeeLines 2 Low-cost carriers quickly increased passenger numbers. 3 There is congestion both landside and airside because of increased traffic.
Development issues
Exercise 2, page 47 1 b (RAA1) 2 d (RAA2) 3 e (RAA2) 4 c (BL1) 5 f (BL2) 6 a (BL2)
Exercise 3, page 46 air traffic control: safety and security problem with incoming aircraft having to circle overhead while waiting to land; planes could easily run out of fuel if they have to wait too long
capacity: with increased capacity, airport could boost revenue through more scheduled slots and landing fees
passenger handling: long lines (BrE: queues) and frustrated passengers; not yet possible to install self-service check-in kiosks because of a potential security problem
personnel: if there more staff, the lines could be reduced with staff identifying people whose flights are due to depart
transport: too few parking spaces
1 REVIEW AND
CONSOLIDATION
Tourism developments
Exercise 1, page 48
is becoming, is getting, are travelling, are (increasingly) playing, are revealing
Continuous aspect
Exercise 2, page 48
1 are being built 2 has been growing 3 are being created 4 is being converted 5 are now becoming, both ( has increased suggests that it is no longer increasing or that the speaker is only referring to a period up to the time of speaking, while has been increasing suggests that it is still increasing) 6 both ( will offer suggests that the offer will be made once during the time period, while will be offering suggests a continuous offer for the whole month) 7 both ( has risen suggests that it is no longer rising or that the speaker is only referring to a period up to the time of speaking, while has been rising suggests it is still rising) 8 travel, both ( may fulfil means during the course of their lives; may be fulfilling means while they are travelling)
Ups and downs
Exercise 3, page 49
1 gradually 2 slight 3 steadily 4 modest 5 levelled off 6 declined
Advertising and publicity
Exercise 4, page 49
1 A 2 P 3 A 4 P 5 P
Countable and uncountable nouns
Exercise 5, page 49
1 U 2 C 3 U 4 U 5 U, C 6 C 7 C 8 U, U
Web words
Exercise 6, page 50
1 blog 2 crash 3 refresh 4 load 5 font 6 layout 7 cursor 8 link 9 upload 10 bandwidth 11 search 12 scroll 13 menu
Making predictions
Exercise 7, page 50 1 bound to 2 chances are 3 likelihood 4 unlikely to 5 could 6 probably won’t
The business plan
Exercise 8, page 50 1 brand identity 2 overview 3 niche 4 cater for 5 public relations 6 threats 7 forecasts 8 bottom line 9 profit and loss 10 break even
Branded vs boutique
Exercise 9, page 50 1 uninspiring 2 stylish 3 intimate 4 distinctive 5 attentive
Word formation
Exercise 10, page 51 1 leakage 2 flown 3 requirements 4 transferred 5 discontent 6 inappropriate 7 environmental 8 unsustainable
Key word transformations
Exercise 11, page 51
1 suggested (drastically) reducing 2 urged them / the meeting to take action / that action be taken 3 recommended strictly monitoring visitor 4 was warned not to sail 5 going round in circles 6 reach a decision unless
Dealing with difficult passengers
Exercise 12, page 51
1 utmost 2 inconvenience 3 calm down 4 beyond 5 excuses 6 hear 7 passing 8 claim
The passive
Exercise 13, page 51
2 He was denied entry because his passport had expired. 3 Stricter border controls have been enforced. 4 She complained because her medications had been confiscated. 5 A new air traffic control system is being installed. 6 Passengers are restricted to one item of cabin baggage.
6 HERITAGE
Reading
Exercise 1, page 52 1 C, a 2 D, b 3 A, a 4 F, b 5 B, c 6 E, d
Exercise 2, page 53 Lake Baikal 1 the world’s deepest and oldest lake, flora and fauna of exceptional value in the study of evolution 2 no 3 unfrozen freshwater, flora and fauna 4 Russia (Siberia) Altamira caves 1 masterpieces of creative genius and humanity’s earliest accomplished art 2 caves date back to 16,000BCE 3 prehistoric cave paintings 4 Spain Sydney Opera House 1 one of the greatest architectural works of the 20th century 2 designed in 1957 3 vaulted shells covered by over 1 million tiles 4 Australia Sengambia stone circles 1 unique manifestation of a sophisticated and prosperous society 2 created between third century BCE and 16th century AD 3 laterite stone circles and graves and burial mounds 4 Senegal and Gambia Pompeii and Herculaneum 1 fascinating and unparalleled insight into life in the early Roman empire 2 Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 CE, ruins excavated as from the 18th century 3 excavated villas and ruins 4 Italy Te Wahipounamu 1 amongst the finest landscapes in the Southern Hemisphere 2 no 3 ice-carved fjords, lakes and valleys 4 New Zealand
Vocabulary
Exercise 5, page 55
Suggested answers 1 arch: a curved support for a structure (The others are all upright posts.) 2 façade: the front of a building (The others are on the top of a building.) 3 arcades: a covered passage at the side of a row of buildings (The others are types of living accommodation.) 4 mantelpiece: a wooden or stone shelf forming the top part of a fireplace (The others are connected with a walking platform attached to a building.) 5 bas-relief: refers to a type of sculpture used to decorate a building (The others are features protruding from the roof of a building.) 6 wing: part of a large building (The others are small areas entered before larger ones.) 7 parquet: made of wood, usually used for flooring (The others refer to types of precious metal used to make ornamental objects.)
PROFESSIONAL
SKILLS
WORKING AS A
TOUR GUIDE
Listening
Exercise 1, page 56 1 unexpected circumstances 2 humour 3 outgoing 4 stamina 5 sensitive to 6 at your fingertips 7 as entertaining as 8 Tell anecdotes 9 pass on (any) 10 loud 11 clear 12 good eye contact 13 body language
Vocabulary
Exercise 2, page 56 1 h 2 d 3 f 4 e 5 b 6 c 7 a 8 g
Exercise 3, page 57 1 d 2 h 3 g 4 e 5 a 6 b 7 c 8 f
Extra activity With the verb phrases jumbled as above, the answers are: 1, vii, d 2, iv, h 3, vi, g 4, iii, e 5, viii, a 6, ii, b 7, i, c 8, v, f
Speaking
Exercise 5, page 57 Students’ own answers.
Exercise 6, page 57 Students’ own answers.
CASE STUDY
DESIGN A MUSEUM
EXHIBITION
A present from the past
Exercise 1, page 58
The collection includes artefacts and objects representing 2,000 years of history in East England and dating back to Viking times. They have to decide which items to display, based on their importance and potential interest to the public, and how to display them.
A meeting to discuss the display
Exercise 2, page 58
1 The family used to live in the west wing. The other wing was the servants’ quarters and the kitchen area. The entrance was the main hall where the family would eat and entertain. 2 Their ideas include a room about the house, another dedicated to the Gentlemen’s Society, one about the geography of the local area, a room for local history and information on the Roman, Saxon and Viking influences and a room about local places of interest that have a connection with those periods.
Exercise 3, page 58
1 Geoffrey Johnson, in 1399 2 Geoffrey and Tobias Johnson 3 Tobias Johnson 4 Tobias Johnson, in 1747 5 Isaac Newton, mathematician and scientist, and a member of the Gentlemen’s Society 6 Matthew Flinders, the first person to circumnavigate Australia and a member of the Gentlemen’s Society 7 Matthew Flinders 8 Isaac Newton ( Principia Mathematica )
Sorting the exhibits
Exercise 4, page 59 Suggested answers Weapons and armour: axe, helmet, shield Jewellery: bracelet, brooch, pendant Navigation: compass, sextant, telescope Copies: model, replica, reproduction
